Superficial Mycoses and Tinea Versicolor
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary characteristic of superficial mycoses?

  • Formation of lesions with inflammation
  • Recognition of symptoms by the patient
  • Invasion of deep tissue
  • No living tissue is invaded (correct)
  • What causes Tinea Versicolor?

  • Piedraia hortae
  • Trichosporon spp.
  • Malassezia furfur (correct)
  • Hortaea werneckii
  • Which clinical manifestation is typical of Tinea Versicolor?

  • Scaly, hyper- or hypopigmented macular lesions (correct)
  • Purulent lesions with pus formation
  • Brown to black macules on the soles
  • Involvement of mucosal tissues
  • How does Tinea Nigra typically present on the skin?

    <p>Brown to black nonscaly macules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic is noted under microscopic examination for Tinea Versicolor?

    <p>Budding yeasts with a 'spaghetti and meatball' appearance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What common treatment is used for Tinea Versicolor?

    <p>Topical preparations containing miconazole nitrate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a notable factor that contributes to the overgrowth of Malassezia furfur in Tinea Versicolor?

    <p>Genetic predisposition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What treatment is mentioned for Tinea Nigra caused by Hortaea werneckii?

    <p>No specific treatment required</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the appearance of colonies produced by Tinea Nigra on culture?

    <p>Shiny, moist, and initially brownish turning to olive or greenish black</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method is NOT recommended for treating Tinea Nigra?

    <p>Use of topical steroids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic clinical manifestation of White Piedra?

    <p>Cream-colored soft pasty mycelial mat surrounding the hair</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does Black Piedra appear microscopically when diagnosed with KOH?

    <p>Shows thick-walled rhomboid cells containing ascospores</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a treatment option for White Piedra?

    <p>Antibiotic therapy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of media do Trichosporon spp. grow rapidly on for lab diagnosis?

    <p>Primary fungal media</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one distinguishing feature of Black Piedra compared to other hair infections?

    <p>Presence of hard, dark brown to black gritty nodules on hair</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following treatments is effective for both Black Piedra and Tinea Nigra?

    <p>Benzoic acid/salicylic acid combinations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Superficial Mycoses

    • Involve the outer layer of the skin or hair shafts
    • Don't invade living tissue or elicit a cellular response
    • Often asymptomatic and go unnoticed

    Tinea Versicolor

    • Caused by Malassezia furfur
    • Characterized by patchy, discolored skin lesions
    • Commonly known as "an-an"
    • Lesions occur on smooth skin, most commonly on the face, chest, arms, and abdomen
    • Lesions can be hyper- or hypopigmented
    • Appear dry and chalky due to scaling
    • Common in hot, humid, tropical climates
    • Prevalent in corticosteroid therapy patients

    Tinea Versicolor: Lab Diagnosis

    • Microscopic examination of KOH-treated skin scrapings reveals budding yeasts and septate hyphae
    • "Spaghetti and Meatball" appearance
    • Requires lipids for growth in culture
    • Colonies are cream-colored, moist, and smooth, fluoresce yellow under Wood's lamp

    Tinea Versicolor: Treatment

    • Aims to eliminate the organism from the skin
    • Topical miconazole nitrate is effective
    • Anti-dandruff shampoos can be used

    Tinea Nigra

    • Caused by Hortaea werneckii
    • Presents with brown to black, nonscaly macules, mostly on palms and soles
    • Characterized by dematiaceous growth of yeast and hyphae

    Tinea Nigra: Lab Diagnosis

    • Direct examination of KOH-treated skin scrapings reveals septate hyphae and budding cells
    • Younger cultures exhibit budding blastoconidia, older cultures show hyphae with clustered blastoconidia
    • Produces shiny, moist, yeast-like colonies that start brown and turn olive to greenish black on SDA

    Tinea Nigra: Treatment

    • Responds to keratolytics
    • Daily application of Whitfield's ointment
    • Tincture of iodine, 2% salicylic acid, or 3% sulfur can also be used

    White Piedra

    • Caused by Trichosporon spp. (T. ovoides, T. asteroides, T. cutaneum, T. inkin, T. asahaii)
    • Characterized by soft, cream-colored mycelial mats around hair on the scalp, face, and pubic region
    • Primarily affects hairs of the scalp, axillae, genitals, and facial hair like mustaches and beards

    White Piedra: Lab Diagnosis

    • Trichosporon spp. grow rapidly on primary fungal media, producing arthroconidia, hyphae, and blastoconidia
    • Colonies are straw to cream-colored and yeast-like
    • Vary in appearance, smooth or wrinkled, dry or moist, creamy or velvety

    White Piedra: Treatment

    • Shaving or cutting infected hair is often sufficient
    • Topical fungicides like bichloride of mercury (1:200)
    • Benzoic and salicylic acid combinations
    • 3% sulfur ointments
    • 2% formalin can be used

    Black Piedra

    • Caused by Piedraia hortae
    • Occurs on hair of the scalp
    • Characterized by hard, dark brown to black, gritty nodules firmly attached to the hair shaft
    • Differentiate from nits of pediculosis and abnormal hair growth

    Black Piedra: Lab Diagnosis

    • Infected hairs placed in KOH reveal asci when nodules are crushed
    • Thick-walled rhomboid cells containing ascospores are observed
    • Grows slowly on Sabouraud dextrose agar at room temperature, forming brown, restricted colonies

    Black Piedra: Treatment

    • Shaving or cutting infected hair is often sufficient
    • Topical fungicides like bichloride of mercury
    • Benzoic acid/salicylic acid combinations

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    Related Documents

    Superficial Mycoses PDF

    Description

    Explore the characteristics, diagnosis, and treatment of Tinea Versicolor, a common superficial mycosis. This quiz covers its symptoms, causative agent Malassezia furfur, and laboratory identification methods. Learn about effective treatment options and the conditions that predispose individuals to this skin condition.

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