CPR In-Hospital Chain of Survival Study Guide

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Questions and Answers

How should the airway be opened for breaths?

Place one hand on the victim's forehead and push to tilt the head back; place fingers of the other hand under the lower jaw and lift the jaw.

What is the correct hand placement when giving chest compressions to children?

Use 2 hands or 1 hand on the lower half of the breastbone.

What is the recommended rate of chest compressions?

100-120/min (correct)

80-100/min

120-140/min

60-80/min

What should be done when using an AED?

Power on the AED, attach the pads, clear the victim during analysis, and deliver a shock if advised. Signup and view all the answers

How do you minimize interruptions when using an AED?

One rescuer should continue chest compressions while the other operates the AED, limiting interruptions to less than 10 seconds. Signup and view all the answers

In infants, check the brachial artery pulse by placing 2 or 3 fingers on the ______.

inside of the upper arm Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following actions should be taken during witnessed collapse?

Activate the emergency system and get AED before CPR. Signup and view all the answers

What is the number of breaths per minute recommended for rescue breathing in adults?

10 breaths/min. Signup and view all the answers

Match the following AED pad placements with their descriptions:

Anterolateral placement = One pad below the right collarbone, the other to the left nipple side. Anteroposterior Placement = One pad on the left chest side, the other on the back beneath the shoulder blade. Signup and view all the answers

You should seal the AED pads directly over a medication patch.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is the key difference in chest compression depth between infants and children?

Infants require a depth of approximately 1.5 inches (4 cm), while children require about 2 inches (5 cm). Signup and view all the answers

What should be done to determine the pulse in infants?

Feel for the brachial artery pulse for at least 5 but no more than 10 seconds. Signup and view all the answers

How long should you wait to check for a pulse during rescue breathing?

Every 2 minutes Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct order of steps in the In-Hospital Chain of Survival for adults?

Early Recognition and Prevention Signup and view all the answers

What does a chest compression feedback device monitor?

Compression rate, chest recoil, compression depth Signup and view all the answers

What are the correct actions to take for scene safety and assessment?

Verify scene safety, check for breathing and pulse, check responsiveness, activate emergency response, begin CPR if necessary. Signup and view all the answers

What are the components of a pulse check in an unresponsive victim?

Feel the pulse in the groove to the side of the trachea, assess for a pulse for at least 5 but no more than 10 seconds, use 2 or 3 fingers. Signup and view all the answers

When using a pocket mask, where should the rescuer be positioned?

At the side of the victim. Signup and view all the answers

What type of ventilation does a bag-mask device provide to a victim who is not breathing or not breathing normally?

Positive-pressure ventilation. Signup and view all the answers

How are breaths delivered using a bag-mask device?

1 breath over 1 second, while watching for chest rise. Signup and view all the answers

Two life-threatening arrhythmias that can cause cardiac arrest are pulseless ventricular tachycardia and __________.

ventricular fibrillation. Signup and view all the answers

After an AED delivers a shock, what should the rescuers do next?

Resume CPR, starting with chest compressions. Signup and view all the answers

How do you open the airway for breaths if a single rescuer is present?

Head tilt-chin lift. Signup and view all the answers

What is the target rate for chest compressions for children?

100 to 120/min. Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct chest compression rate for adults?

100 to 120/min Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended compression-to ventilation ratio for infants and children?

1 rescuer: 30:2; 2 rescuers: 15:2 Signup and view all the answers

What should you deliver to a choking infant who is responsive?

5 back slaps and 5 chest thrusts. Signup and view all the answers

You should check the airway for the obstructing object when performing CPR on a choking infant.

True Signup and view all the answers

What is the action taken as the next step when a rescuer suspects an opioid-related emergency?

Give 1 rescue breath every 6 seconds. Signup and view all the answers

What are examples of effective team dynamics in a CPR scenario?

Constructive intervention Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

In-Hospital Chain of Survival

Early Recognition and Prevention: Essential for immediate response to cardiac events.
Activation of Emergency Response: Key step to ensure rapid intervention.
High-Quality CPR: Focus on efficient compression and ventilation techniques.
Defibrillation: Crucial for restoring a normal heart rhythm.
Post-Cardiac Arrest Care: Important for recovery and stabilization.
Recovery: The final phase where long-term outcomes are assessed.

Chest Compression Feedback Device

Monitors real-time performance of CPR, including:
- Rate of compressions.
- Depth of compressions.
- Recoil of the chest between compressions.

Scene Safety and Assessment

Ensure safety before approaching the victim.
Assess for breathing and pulse within a 10-second timeframe.
Activate emergency response and retrieve an AED as needed.
Initiate CPR if no normal breathing or pulse is detected.

Pulse Check in Unresponsive Victims

Locate pulse using 2 or 3 fingers in the neck groove beside the trachea.
Assess for at least 5 seconds but no longer than 10 seconds.

Bag-Mask Device Usage

For positive-pressure ventilation in unresponsive patients.
Begin by ensuring proper positioning and airway opening with the head tilt-chin lift.

CPR and Resuscitation Techniques

Single rescuer should perform rescue breaths in cycles of:
- 1 breath every 6 seconds for adults.
- 1 breath every 2-3 seconds for children and infants.
Follow a strict sequence when using a bag-mask device to maintain airway and deliver breaths.
For infants, thumb-encircling technique is preferred during compressions.

AED and Defibrillation

Essential to analyze heart rhythms and deliver shocks as required.
AED pads must be placed accurately:
- Anteroposterior for adults: Left side of the back and left side of the chest.
- Anterolateral for adults: Below the right collarbone and left nipple area.
After shock delivery, immediately resume CPR, maintaining high compression quality.

Pediatric Considerations

CPR compression depth for children: Approximately 2 inches (5 cm).
Compression rate for infants and children: 100-120 compressions per minute.
Children require different AED placements and equipment considerations, including using pediatric pads when available.

Team Dynamics in Resuscitation

Define clear roles within a resuscitation team (compressor, AED operator, airway manager).
Structure and timing of alternating roles for efficiency and to minimize fatigue.
Importance of closed-loop communication to ensure effective teamwork.
Conduct debriefing post-resuscitation to improve future performance.

Choking and Airway Management

In adults, perform abdominal thrusts directed upward; for infants, administer back slaps followed by chest thrusts.
Recognize signs of severe airway obstruction, such as inability to speak or breathe.

Special Considerations

Use caution with AED around water, excessive chest hair, and implanted devices.
Prioritize minimizing interruptions during CPR for effective outcomes.
Adjust rescue ventilation rates based on whether you are operating alone or with another rescuer.

Emergency Response Steps

Activate emergency response immediately upon identifying an unresponsive victim with no pulse.
Ensure use of the appropriate techniques and device configurations for infants, children, and adults for effective CPR and rescue breathing.

Opioid Overdose Response

Provide 1 rescue breath every 6 seconds for unresponsive adults still retaining a pulse.

By maintaining this knowledge base, responders can effectively perform CPR and use AEDs, enhancing patient survival and recovery outcomes.### Rescuer Protocol

Deliver each breath over one second during rescue.
Rescuer 1 opens the airway and applies the bag-mask; Rescuer 2 squeezes the bag.

AED Overview

AED stands for Automated External Defibrillator.
Analyzes heart rhythm for shockable arrhythmias.
Lightweight, portable, and user-friendly with voice prompts, lights, and screen messages.

Using an AED

Power on the AED; follow its prompts.
Use adult pads for ages 8 and older.
Clear the victim for analysis; ensure no one is touching them.
If shock is advised, clear the victim and press the shock button; resume CPR immediately after.

AED Pad Placement for Adults and Children

Anterolateral Placement: One pad below the right collarbone, another to the left side of the left nipple.
Anteroposterior Placement: One pad on the left chest and one pad on the left back beneath the shoulder blade.

Minimizing Interruptions with AED Use

One rescuer performs chest compressions while the other operates the AED.
Continue CPR until the AED prompts to clear for analysis; if no shock is advised, resume CPR immediately.

Pediatric Chain of Survival

Key stages: Early recognition and prevention, emergency response activation, high-quality CPR, advanced resuscitation, post-cardiac arrest care, recovery.

Pulse Check for Infants and Children

Check brachial pulse by placing fingers on the upper arm; if not felt, start CPR.
Check femoral pulse on the inner thigh; if not felt, start CPR.

Adult BLS Algorithm for Healthcare Providers

Verify scene safety; check responsiveness and activate emergency response if unresponsive.
Monitor breathing and pulse; provide rescue breaths or start CPR as necessary.
Use AED when available; check rhythm and follow prompts for shockable or non-shockable rhythm.

Critical Components of Chest Compressions for Children

Rate: 100 to 120 compressions per minute.
Depth: Approximately 2 inches (5 cm).
Allow complete chest recoil and minimize interruptions to under 10 seconds.

Critical Components of Chest Compressions for Infants

Rate: 100 to 120 compressions per minute.
Depth: Approximately 1.5 inches (4 cm).
Use fingers or thumb-encircling technique for compression, ensuring complete recoil.

Witnessed vs Unwitnessed Collapse in Children and Infants

Witnessed: Activate emergency response and get AED before CPR if alone; if not, send for help while starting CPR.
Unwitnessed: Begin CPR immediately; activate emergency response after two minutes if alone.

Pediatric BLS Algorithm with Single Rescuer

Verify scene safety; check responsiveness and activate emergency response.
Monitor and provide rescue breaths if pulse present; initiate CPR if no pulse.

Pediatric BLS Algorithm with Two Rescuers

First rescuer assesses the victim while the second activates emergency response and retrieves the AED.
Initiate CPR and use AED as soon as available.

AED Special Considerations

For a hairy chest, shave or use pads to remove hair before attaching.
Move victims from water before using AED; wipe chest if wet.
Remove transdermal patches before applying pads; avoid placing pads over implanted devices.

Mouth-to-Mouth Breaths for All Ages

For adults: mouth-to-mouth provides oxygen effectively; ensure an airtight seal and watch for chest rise.
For infants: cover mouth and nose to create a seal; give one breath watching for chest rise.

Rescue Breathing Technique

For adults, give one breath every six seconds with visible chest rise and pulse check every two minutes.
For children and infants, provide one breath every 2-3 seconds with visible chest rise and pulse checks as well.

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Description

This quiz focuses on the essential steps in the In-Hospital Chain of Survival for adults as well as the use of chest compression feedback devices. Study the correct order of CPR procedures and the importance of real-time feedback during emergency situations. Perfect for healthcare professionals preparing for CPR certification or a refresher.