Covalent Bonding and Functional Groups Quiz

What are the functional groups for alcohols, carboxylic acids, and esters?

How many covalent bonds can carbon form?

How many covalent bonds can hydrogen form?

Oxygen has 6 valence electrons. How many covalent bonds will it form?

Nitrogen has 5 valence electrons. How many covalent bonds will it form?

What is the name of the alcohol with 5 carbon atoms?

Which acid is commonly found in vinegar?

What is the structural formula of propanol?

What is the structural formula for propanoic acid?

What process involves yeast converting sugar to ethanol?

Match the following compounds to their functional groups:

Esters can be made by reacting which two types of compounds?

Covalent Bonding

Carbon can form 4 covalent bonds
Hydrogen can form 1 covalent bond
Oxygen can form 2 covalent bonds
Nitrogen can form 3 covalent bonds

Functional Groups

A functional group is a specific pattern of atoms within a larger molecule
Functional groups determine the properties of the molecule

Alcohols

Alcohols contain a C-O-H functional group
Alcohols are named by adding '-anol' to the prefix corresponding to the number of carbon atoms
Ethanol, the alcohol in alcoholic drinks, can be used as a fuel
Fermentation is the process by which yeast converts sugar into ethanol

Carboxylic Acids

Carboxylic acids contain a CO2H functional group
Carboxylic acids are named by adding '-anoic acid' to the prefix representing the number of carbon atoms
They are weak acids, releasing hydrogen ions when dissolved in water
Carboxylic acids are often associated with unpleasant smells, for example, propanoic acid in sweat, butanoic acid in spoiled butter
Ethanoic acid is the acid found in vinegar

Esters

Esters contain a C-CO2-C functional group
Esters can be formed by reacting a carboxylic acid with an alcohol
Esters are often found in fruits, giving them their characteristic smell and flavour

Test your knowledge on covalent bonding, functional groups, and specific types of organic compounds such as alcohols and carboxylic acids. This quiz covers essential concepts in organic chemistry, including bonding behavior and naming conventions for different functional groups.