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Questions and Answers
What are the functional groups for alcohols, carboxylic acids, and esters?
C-O-H for alcohols, CO2H for carboxylic acids, C-CO2-C for esters.
How many covalent bonds can carbon form?
4
How many covalent bonds can hydrogen form?
1
Oxygen has 6 valence electrons. How many covalent bonds will it form?
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Nitrogen has 5 valence electrons. How many covalent bonds will it form?
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What is the name of the alcohol with 5 carbon atoms?
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Which acid is commonly found in vinegar?
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What is the structural formula of propanol?
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What is the structural formula for propanoic acid?
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What process involves yeast converting sugar to ethanol?
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Match the following compounds to their functional groups:
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Esters can be made by reacting which two types of compounds?
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Study Notes
Covalent Bonding
- Carbon can form 4 covalent bonds
- Hydrogen can form 1 covalent bond
- Oxygen can form 2 covalent bonds
- Nitrogen can form 3 covalent bonds
Functional Groups
- A functional group is a specific pattern of atoms within a larger molecule
- Functional groups determine the properties of the molecule
Alcohols
- Alcohols contain a C-O-H functional group
- Alcohols are named by adding '-anol' to the prefix corresponding to the number of carbon atoms
- Ethanol, the alcohol in alcoholic drinks, can be used as a fuel
- Fermentation is the process by which yeast converts sugar into ethanol
Carboxylic Acids
- Carboxylic acids contain a CO2H functional group
- Carboxylic acids are named by adding '-anoic acid' to the prefix representing the number of carbon atoms
- They are weak acids, releasing hydrogen ions when dissolved in water
- Carboxylic acids are often associated with unpleasant smells, for example, propanoic acid in sweat, butanoic acid in spoiled butter
- Ethanoic acid is the acid found in vinegar
Esters
- Esters contain a C-CO2-C functional group
- Esters can be formed by reacting a carboxylic acid with an alcohol
- Esters are often found in fruits, giving them their characteristic smell and flavour
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Description
Test your knowledge on covalent bonding, functional groups, and specific types of organic compounds such as alcohols and carboxylic acids. This quiz covers essential concepts in organic chemistry, including bonding behavior and naming conventions for different functional groups.
