Lesson 4 - Alcohols, Carboxylic Acids, and Esters PDF

Alcohols, Carboxylic Acids, Esters Chemistry: Carbon in Different Forms Lesson 1: Carbon in Different Forms Lesson 2: Hydrocarbons 1 Lesson 3: Hydrocarbons 2 Lesson 4: Alcohols, Carboxylic Acids, (Esters) Lesson 5: Fossil Fuels Lesson 6: The Carbon Cycle Lesson 7: Alternatives to Fossil Fuels Less...

Alcohols, Carboxylic Acids, Esters Chemistry: Carbon in Different Forms Lesson 1: Carbon in Different Forms Lesson 2: Hydrocarbons 1 Lesson 3: Hydrocarbons 2 Lesson 4: Alcohols, Carboxylic Acids, (Esters) Lesson 5: Fossil Fuels Lesson 6: The Carbon Cycle Lesson 7: Alternatives to Fossil Fuels Lesson 8: Review Lesson 9: Test Learning Goals Know that oxygen can form 2 covalent bonds. Describe what a functional group is and know the functional groups for alcohols, carboxylic acids, and esters. Name the first 6 alcohols and carboxylic acids. Describe the process of fermentation. Recap- Hydrocarbons What is the name of this hydrocarbon? Recap- Hydrocarbons What is the name of this hydrocarbon? Recap- Hydrocarbons Write the structural AND molecular formula for PENTENE. Recap- Hydrocarbons Write the structural AND molecular formula for ETHYNE. Recap- Hydrocarbons Write the structural AND molecular formula for BUTANE. Recap- Covalent Bonding How many covalent bonds can carbon form? Recap- Covalent Bonding How many covalent bonds can hydrogen form? Recap- Covalent Bonding Oxygen has 6 valence electrons. How many covalent bonds will it form? Recap- Covalent Bonding Nitrogen has 5 valence electrons. How many covalent bonds will it form? Covalent Bonding Different atoms form different numbers of covalent bonds. Element Number of Covalent Bonds Carbon 4 Nitrogen 3 Oxygen 2 Hydrogen 1 Molymods Build a molecule with the molecular formula CH4O. Build a molecule with the molecular formula CH2O2. Functional Groups Different atoms can be arranged in different ways to form different molecules. Ethane Ethanol Ethanoic acid Functional Groups How atoms are arranged in a molecule will determine the properties of that molecule. Different arrangement of atoms = different functions/properties. A functional group is a certain pattern of atoms in an organic molecule. Functional Groups Alcohols Functional Groups Carboxylic Acids Functional Groups Esters Alcohols Alcohols have a C-O-H functional group. We name alcohols based on the number of carbon atoms it has (prefix) and then adding the suffix anol. This molecule is named pentanol. Pent because there are 5 carbon atoms. -anol because it has a C-O-H functional group Alcohols Ethanol is the alcohol in alcoholic drinks. Ethanol can also be used as a fuel. Alcohols and Fermentation Fermentation is a process where yeast converts sugar to ethanol. Alcohols What is the name of this molecule? Alcohols What is the name of this molecule? Alcohols Write the structural formula for PROPANOL. Carboxylic Acids Carboxylic acids have a CO2H functional group. We name carboxylic acids based on the number of carbon atoms it has (prefix) and then adding the suffix anoic acid. This molecule is named pentanoic acid. Pent because there are 5 carbon atoms. -anoic acid because it has a CO2H functional group Carboxylic Acids Acids are compounds that will release hydrogen ions when dissolved in water. Carboxylic acids are weak acids. Carboxylic Acids Carboxylic acids tend to smell bad. Propanoic acid = sweat Butanoic acid = spoiled butter Ethanoic acid is the acid we find in vinegar. Carboxylic Acids What is the name of this molecule? Carboxylic Acids What is the name of this molecule? Carboxylic Acids Write the structural formula for PROPANOIC ACID. Esters Esters have a C-CO2-C functional group. Esters Esters can be made by reacting a carboxylic acid with an alcohol. Esters Esters are often found in fruits. They are what gives fruits their smell and flavour. Functional Groups Alcohol, carboxylic acid, or ester? Functional Groups Alcohol, carboxylic acid, or ester? Functional Groups Alcohol, carboxylic acid, or ester? Functional Groups Alcohol, carboxylic acid, or ester?