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Questions and Answers
What is the most common symptom of Congenital Muscular Torticollis?
Which of the following is a physical examination finding of Congenital Muscular Torticollis?
What is an associated feature of Congenital Muscular Torticollis?
What is a possible effect of Congenital Muscular Torticollis in infants?
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When do symptoms of Congenital Muscular Torticollis typically appear?
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How do the symptoms of Congenital Muscular Torticollis vary?
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What is one of the primary goals of a physical therapist when assessing a child with Down syndrome?
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What is a potential issue that children with Down syndrome may face due to their movement habits?
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What may be included in a treatment program designed by a physical therapist for a child with Down syndrome?
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What is one way that a physical therapist may help a child with Down syndrome master developmental skills?
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What is a benefit of massage for infants with Down syndrome?
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What may be assessed by a physical therapist during a physical exam for a child with Down syndrome?
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What is one way that a physical therapist may help a child with Down syndrome improve their walking skills?
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What is one way that a physical therapist may help a child with Down syndrome improve their independence?
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What is the primary goal of physical therapy for children with Down syndrome?
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Why is it important to focus on emerging skills in children with Down syndrome?
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What is the purpose of suggesting changes at home to encourage movement development?
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How can physical activity reduce the risk of obesity in children with Down syndrome?
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What is the benefit of using short ankle braces, called SMOs, for children with Down syndrome?
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Why is it important for families with children with Down syndrome to develop active routines?
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What is the role of physical therapists in promoting physical development in children with Down syndrome?
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Why is it important to connect children with Down syndrome with sports and recreational groups?
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Study Notes
Symptoms of Congenital Muscular Torticollis
Clinical Presentation
- The most common symptom is a visible head tilt, with the ear approaching the shoulder on the affected side
- Chin deviation, where the chin points towards the opposite side of the affected muscle
Physical Examination Findings
- Limited range of motion in the neck, particularly lateral rotation and flexion
- Palpable mass or tightness in the sternocleidomastoid muscle
- Asymmetry of the neck and shoulder region
Associated Features
- Plagiocephaly (flattening of the head on one side)
- Facial asymmetry
- Limited ability to rotate the head or move the chin to the opposite side
- Possible delayed milestones in infants, such as sitting or walking
Variability in Symptoms
- Symptoms can vary in severity, with some cases being mild and others being more severe
- Symptoms may be present at birth or develop within the first few weeks of life
- In some cases, symptoms may not be apparent until several months after birth
Symptoms of Congenital Muscular Torticollis
Clinical Presentation
- Visible head tilt, with the ear approaching the shoulder on the affected side
- Chin deviation, where the chin points towards the opposite side of the affected muscle
Physical Examination Findings
- Limited range of motion in the neck, particularly lateral rotation and flexion
- Palpable mass or tightness in the sternocleidomastoid muscle
- Asymmetry of the neck and shoulder region
Associated Features
- Plagiocephaly (flattening of the head on one side)
- Facial asymmetry
- Limited ability to rotate the head or move the chin to the opposite side
- Delayed milestones in infants, such as sitting or walking
Variability in Symptoms
- Symptoms vary in severity, ranging from mild to severe
- Symptoms may be present at birth or develop within the first few weeks of life
- In some cases, symptoms may not be apparent until several months after birth
Physical Exam
- Measuring height and weight
- Observing movement patterns
- Assessing:
- Muscle strength and tone
- Movement
- Flexibility
- Joint stability
- Posture
- Balance and coordination
- Evaluating heart health and fitness
Motor Skills Assessment
- Assessing ability to:
- Sit
- Crawl
- Kneel
- Pull up from sitting to standing
- Walk
- Assessing advanced skills:
- Running
- Jumping
- Kicking a ball
- Throwing a ball
- Identifying creative movement habits that cause stress to bones and joints
Treatment Program Development
- Designing a specific treatment program for each child
- Improving:
- Strength
- Developmental skills
- Balance and coordination
- Postural control
- Using exercises, games, and daily routines to promote independence
- Providing hands-on training for caregivers on:
- Positioning
- Movement
- Feeding
- Play
- Suggesting changes at home to encourage:
- Movement development
- Communication
- Listening
- Use of vision
- Play skills
Improving Developmental Skills
- Mastering skills:
- Crawling
- Pulling up from sitting to standing
- Walking
- Using massage to improve:
- Muscle tone
- Motor coordination
- Vision
- Walking on a treadmill to promote earlier independent walking
Promoting Physical Development
- Identifying emerging skills
- Celebrating mini-milestones and successes
- Providing guidance on what skills to expect next
- Encouraging families to promote and support physical development
Improving Balance, Coordination, and Postural Control
- Using short ankle braces (SMOs) to aid balance, stability, and motor function
- Developing skills such as:
- Jumping
- Skipping
- Dribbling a ball
- Improving balance and walking skills, and decreasing pain
Improving Physical Fitness
- Suggesting physical activities to keep children active
- Reducing the risk of obesity and promoting heart health
- Finding enjoyable hobbies and activities
- Connecting families with sports and recreational groups for social health and physical development
- Providing mobility aids such as motorized vehicles or adaptive bicycles
- Developing active family routines that limit sitting
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Description
Identify the signs and symptoms of Congenital Muscular Torticollis, a condition that affects the neck muscles. Learn about the visible head tilt, chin deviation, and physical examination findings.
