Comprehensive Planning Process Review

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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of transportation planning?

To build highways

To prepare for future needs to move people and goods to destinations (correct)

To evaluate the profitability of transportation facilities

To provide social amenities

Travel Demand Modal is used to determine the number of trips that will use the existing transportation system.

True

What is the main purpose of an Origin and Destination Study (O-D)?

To show the pattern and nature of daily trips made by residents and to plan the transportation system.

Short Term (Action Plan) reviews matters that can be completed within _____ years and involve high cost.

three Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of Tourism Planning?

To provide resources and information for travelers Signup and view all the answers

What does a Master Plan aim to achieve?

Provide welfare of the inhabitants with respect to amenities, convenience, and health. Control the development of industries in a systematic way. Discourage the growth of towns in an unplanned way. Give a perspective of the proposed development. Limit the unprecedented flow of rural population to urban areas. Signup and view all the answers

To avoid _______, shortage of houses, traffic congestion, inadequate open spaces and insufficiency in public amenities.

overpopulation Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) process?

To encourage the consideration of the environment in planning and decision making to ultimately arrive at actions that are environmentally friendly. Signup and view all the answers

Which government agency serves as the highest policy-making body for housing and coordinates government housing agencies?

HUDCC Signup and view all the answers

The National Economic and Development Authority (NEDA) is a regulatory body for land use development.

False Signup and view all the answers

Housing Guaranty Corporation (HGC) promotes sustainable home ownership by providing risk coverage or guarantees and tax/fiscal incentives to ______________.

banks and financial institutions/investors granting housing development loans/credits, and home financing Signup and view all the answers

What is the Comprehensive Planning Process?

A process that determines community goals and aspirations in terms of community development. Signup and view all the answers

What is Land Use Planning?

A rational and judicious approach of allocating available land resources to different land-using activities and for different functions. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Comprehensive Plan?

To provide the foundation for establishing goals, purposes, zoning, and activities allowed on each land parcel. Signup and view all the answers

What is the National Land Use and Allocation Scheme?

A classification of lands under the public domain Signup and view all the answers

What is Fiscal Planning?

A process designed to provide urban planners and related professionals with methods of public financial management and analysis. Signup and view all the answers

What are the three components of Fiscal Policy?

Revenue Policy, Expenditures Policy, and Debt Management Policy Signup and view all the answers

What is the importance of Transportation Planning?

It is essential for promoting the economic betterment, comfort, convenience, and general welfare of a community. Signup and view all the answers

What is Physical Planning?

A process of allocating limited resources in a logical manner for the betterment of the society. Signup and view all the answers

What is the importance of Regional Planning?

It promotes economic betterment, comfort, convenience, and general welfare in a region. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following are goals of Environmental Impact Assessment? (Select all that apply)

Waste Minimization Signup and view all the answers

Which components should be part of an interdisciplinary team for Environment Impact Assessment?

Chemist Signup and view all the answers

Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) is a conclusion of Environmental Impact Assessment.

False Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

The Comprehensive Planning Process

Identifying issues: Addressing problems that the community is facing
Stating goals: Establishing objectives after identifying issues
Collecting data: Gathering information on current city conditions and predicting future conditions
Preparing the plan: Creating a plan based on gathered data and established goals
Creating implementation plan: Developing programs to implement the plan's goals
Evaluating alternatives: Ensuring the most efficient and cost-effective way to achieve community goals
Adopting a plan: Officially adopting the plan as a statement of policy
Implementing and monitoring the plan: Carrying out the plan's goals and monitoring progress

Land Use Planning

Refers to the rational allocation of land resources to different activities and functions
Aims to achieve a desired pattern of land use consistent with the city's overall development vision
Involves land classification, land use conversion, and land reclassification
Zoning: The legislative act of delineating areas for specific uses and regulating their use

Reversible uses: When land can be reverted to its original condition
Irreversible uses: When land cannot be restored to its original condition
Multiple land uses: Combining different uses in an orderly and desirable pattern
Compatible and incompatible land uses: Determining which uses can coexist harmoniously
Highest and best use of the land: The use that generates maximum profit without negative consequences

Fiscal Planning

Designed to provide methods for public financial management and analysis
Fiscal policy: Government's policy on revenue generation, expenditures, and debt management
Revenue policy: Raising revenue based on the "ability to pay" concept
Expenditures policy: Allocating funds efficiently to deliver public services and support economic growth
Debt management policy: Managing debt levels to finance development projects and provide budget support

Planning of a Particular Project

Physical planning: The general pattern of land use, character of public buildings, and design of streets and transportation systems
Transportation planning: Defining future policies, goals, and spatial planning to prepare for future transportation needs
Lifestyle: Providing social amenities and facilities for the community
Access and transportation: Ensuring ease of access and providing adequate housing

Transportation Planning

Commonly known as transport planning internationally
Involves evaluating, assessing, designing, and siting transportation facilities
Function: To identify highway system components, define transportation planning, and recall the process and purpose of construction planning design
Transportation planning elements: Planning process, monitoring and reviews, and implementation
Characteristics of transportation planning: Determining transportation needs, making a transportation formula, studying profitability, and analyzing traffic/travel patterns

Planning Process

Situation definition: Understanding the situation that gave rise to the need for a transportation improvement
Problem definition: Describing the problem in terms of objectives to be accomplished
Search for solution: Considering various ideas and design configurations
Analysis of performance: Estimating how each alternative would perform under present and future conditions
Evaluation of alternatives: Determining how well each alternative will achieve the project's objectives
Choice of project: Selecting the best alternative after considering all factors
Specification and construction: Specifying and constructing the chosen project

Built transportation models to predict traffic patterns and make transportation planning easier
Traffic volume studies: Collecting data on the number of vehicles/pedestrians passing a point during a specified time
Application of traffic volume data: Designing for road rehabilitation, studying traffic at intersections, and analyzing cost-benefits for highway projects### Transportation Planning
Transportation planning aims to provide a new transportation system, improve the existing system, and determine the number of trips that will use the existing system.
Spot speed studies are conducted to estimate the distribution of speeds of vehicles in a stream of traffic at a specific area.
The study involves recording the speed of vehicles at a specific location and is valid only for the traffic and environmental conditions that exist at the time of study.

Origin and Destination Study (O-D)

The main purpose of O-D study is to plan the transportation in an urban city, especially the type of land use, road/traffic network, and public transportation system.
O-D study shows the pattern and nature of daily trips made by residents.
Application of O-D data includes determining the traffic flow, if traffic congestion occurs, and planning a short cut to give a comfortable travel to road users.

Travel Time and Delay Studies

Travel time study determines the amount of time required to travel from one point to another on a given route.
Information may also be collected on the location, duration, and causes of delays.
The study helps in identifying problems at the location and evaluating the efficiency of a route with respect to its ability to carry traffic.

Parking Studies

Parking studies are conducted to determine the need for parking spaces in areas with high land use, including business, residential, and commercial activities.
The study provides information on whether the parking space is adequate and helps in implementing payment systems for parking.

Role of Transport Policy

Transport policy affects and improves the productivity and economic growth of a city.
It affects the standard of living and environment in the city.
The policy provides increased accessibility and influences price and land use.

Tourism Planning

Tourism planning involves considering the needs of people planning a trip and determining the best resources, programs, and activities for their trip.
The planning process includes coordination with government agencies, private sectors, and local businesses to improve tourism-related infrastructure.
Tourism planning provides plenty of resources and information for travelers and ensures that the location and local businesses provide everything needed to improve tourism.

Levels of Tourism Planning

International Level: involves international transportation services, flow, and tour programming of tourists among different countries.
National Level: involves tourism policy, physical structures, and national level implementation techniques.
Regional Level: involves access and internal transport network, type of location, and tourism attraction.
Sub-Regional Level: involves tourist attraction features, general location of accommodation, and other tourist facilities and services.

Components of Tourism Development

Tourism attractions and activities
Accommodation
Other tourist facilities and services
Transportation facilities and services
Other infrastructure
Institutional elements

Tourism Planning Process

Study recognition and preparation
Setting of objectives or goals for strategy
Survey of existing data
Implementation of new surveys
Analyses
Policy and plan formulation
Recommendation
Implementation
Monitoring and reformulation

Master Plan

A master plan is a general plan for the future layout of a city showing both the existing and proposed streets, roads, open spaces, public buildings, etc.
It is a comprehensive document, long-term in its view, and is intended to guide the township for the next 10 to 20 years.
The objective of a master plan is to provide welfare to the inhabitants with respect to amenities, convenience, and health.

Institutions in Planning

The local planning structure
The Sanggunian: has power to prescribe reasonable limits and restraints on the use of property, appropriate public funds, and is the highest policy-making body in LGU.
Executive Committee: composed of the governor, mayors, representatives of NGOs, and other members.
Local Development Councils: composed of mayors, representatives of NGOs, and other members.### Sectoral or Functional Committee
Members participate in functional committees

Secretariat

Provides both technical and administrative support
Assists with documentation

Metropolitan Manila Development Authority (MMDA)

Created through RA. 7924
Policy of the state to treat Metropolitan Manila as a special development and administrative region
Aim is to plan, supervise, and coordinate metro-wide services more efficiently and effectively

Local Planning and Development Office

Responsible for information management
Conducts comprehensive and multi-sectoral planning
Involved in investment programming
Promotes public participation
Provides secretariat services to LDC
Scope of services includes:
- Development planning
- Transport and traffic management
- Solid waste disposal management
- Flood control and sewage management
- Urban renewal, zoning, and land use planning and shelter services
- Health and sanitation, urban protection, and pollution control
- Public safety

Government Institutions

National Economic and Development Authority (NEDA)

An independent cabinet-level agency of the Philippine government
Responsible for economic development and planning
Headed by the president of the Philippines as chairman of NEDA
Secretary of Socio-Economic Planning serves as vice chairman

HUDCC (Housing and Urban Development Coordinating Council)

Created by President Corazon Aquino
Serves as the highest policy-making body for housing
Coordinates the activities of government housing agencies to ensure the accomplishment of the National Shelter Program

HLURB (Housing and Land Use Regulatory Board)

A national government agency tasked as the planning, regulatory, and quasi-judicial body for land use development and real estate and housing regulation

NHA (National Housing Authority)

A government-owned and controlled corporation under the administrative supervision of HUDCC
Classified under the Infrastructure Utilities Group
Provides responsive housing programs primarily to homeless low-income families with access to social services and economic opportunities with excellence while ensuring corporate viability

HGC (Housing Guaranty Corporation)

A government-owned and controlled corporation mandated by law to promote sustainable home ownership by providing risk coverage or guarantees and tax/fiscal incentives to banks and financial institutions/investors granting housing development loans/credits, and home financing

HDMF (Home Development Mutual Fund)

More popularly known as the Pag-IBIG Fund
Provides a national savings program and affordable shelter financing for Filipino workers

Environmental Impact Analysis

Purpose of EIA/NEPA Process

To encourage the consideration of the environment in planning and decision-making to ultimately arrive at actions that are environmentally friendly
A planning tool that helps planners predict future impacts of different development activities
Provides information about adverse environmental effects and predicts the overall risk arising from any activity
Helps identify areas where risk can possibly be reduced

Ideal EIA System

Applies to all projects expected to have a significant environmental impact
Compares alternatives to a proposed project, management techniques, and mitigation measures
Results in a clear Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) that conveys the importance of the likely impacts and their specific characteristics to non-experts in the field
Includes broad public participation and stringent administrative review procedures
Timed to provide information for decision-making
Enforceable
Includes monitoring and feedback procedures
Helps design projects that enhance the quality of the environment by examining alternative and remedial measures throughout the entire course of planning and designing development projects

Performance of the Assessment

Site visit
Identification and evaluation
Discussion of alternatives
Preparation of a checklist
Measurement of environmental impact due to the project

Preparation of EIS

EIS is the conclusion of EIA
A written statement that serves as a device to ensure that the policies and goals defined by NEPA are infused into the ongoing programmed
Presented to the public, competent authorities, and independent experts in a clear and comprehensive manner

Goals of Environmental Impact Assessment

Resources conservation
Waste minimization
Recovery of by-product
Efficient use of equipment
Sustainable development

Methodology of Environment Impact Assessment

Organizing the job
Constitutes an interdisciplinary team to conduct analysis of the various impacts of the proposed program on the environment
The team includes experts from different fields with knowledge of concepts, methods, data, and terms related to that subject
The time schedule for the conduct of analysis is fixed
The expert should have knowledge of rules, regulations, and limitations on the part of the government

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Review questions on the comprehensive planning process, evaluating alternatives, and community goal realization. Test your knowledge on effective planning strategies.