Cnidarian Body Plan in Biology 108 Winter 2024

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What is the central cavity of the cnidarian body plan?

Digestive compartment

Ectoderm

Gastrovascular cavity (correct)

Mesoglea

What is the function of cnidocytes in cnidarians?

Gas exchange

Prey capture and defence (correct)

Movement

Digestion

What is the name of the gelatinous matrix that separates the epidermis and gastrodermis?

Mesoglea (correct)

Mesoderm

Ectoderm

Gastrodermis

What is the main difference between the polyp and medusa forms of cnidarians?

Mode of movement Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the tentacles in cnidarians?

Capture and defence Signup and view all the answers

How do cnidarians exchange gases?

Via diffusion across the epidermis Signup and view all the answers

What type of symmetry is exhibited by most basal Eumetazoans?

Radial symmetry Signup and view all the answers

What tissues are present in most basal Eumetazoans?

Muscle and nerve tissues Signup and view all the answers

Which phylum includes jellyfish, sea anemones, and corals?

Cnidaria Signup and view all the answers

What limits the distribution of soft sponges with spongin to the photic zone?

Toxic chemicals Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes medusozoan cnidarians from anthozoan cnidarians?

Sessile lifestyle in medusozoans Signup and view all the answers

Why are most sponges unpalatable to predators?

Production of toxic chemicals Signup and view all the answers

Which cell type in sponges generates water currents by beating their flagella and captures suspended food particles?

Choanocytes Signup and view all the answers

What is the structural support provided by the tiny needles or rods of silica or calcium carbonate in sponges?

Spicules Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes Phylum Porifera in terms of true tissues and specialized cell types?

They lack true tissues but possess a wide range of specialized cell types Signup and view all the answers

Which Phylum is informally known as 'sponges'?

Porifera Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of porocytes in sponges?

Allow water to flow through the sponge Signup and view all the answers

Which material provides structural support in a bath sponge?

Spongin Signup and view all the answers

What is a distinguishing characteristic of most basal Eumetazoans?

Radial symmetry and diploblastic body plan Signup and view all the answers

Among the following, which is a defining feature of Phylum Cnidaria?

Radially symmetrical, diploblastic body plan Signup and view all the answers

What differentiates medusozoan cnidarians from anthozoan cnidarians?

Mobility Signup and view all the answers

What feature is shared by most sponges that makes them unattractive to predators?

Production of toxic chemicals Signup and view all the answers

Which body plan characteristic limits the distribution of soft sponges to the photic zone?

Radial symmetry Signup and view all the answers

What is the distinguishing feature of Eumetazoa compared to sponges?

Possession of true tissues Signup and view all the answers

How are the epidermis and gastrodermis separated in the body plan of cnidarians?

By the mesoglea, a gelatinous matrix Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the tentacles equipped with cnidocytes in cnidarians?

Prey capture and defence Signup and view all the answers

Which variation of the cnidarian body plan attaches to a substrate with its oral end upwards?

Polyp Signup and view all the answers

What allows the bell-shaped medusa form of cnidarians to move freely through the water?

A hydrostatic skeleton Signup and view all the answers

In cnidarians, what type of cells surround the single opening to the gastrovascular cavity?

Cnidocytes Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the mesoglea in the cnidarian body plan?

Separation of tissues Signup and view all the answers

What is unique about the larvae of Phylum Porifera?

They are motile Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of choanocytes in sponges?

To capture suspended food particles Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Phylum Porifera?

Presence of a nervous system Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of porocytes in sponges?

To allow water to flow through the sponge Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between medusozoan and anthozoan cnidarians?

Their body structure Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the central cavity in cnidarians?

To exchange gases Signup and view all the answers