aubf lec lesson 1
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Questions and Answers

Which organization provides guidelines for writing procedures and policies in a clinical laboratory setting?

  • NFPA (National Fire Protection Association)
  • CDC (Centers for Disease Control)
  • OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration)
  • CLSI (Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute) (correct)

What is the primary purpose of mandated safety procedure manuals in a laboratory?

  • To provide guidelines for equipment maintenance
  • To ensure standardization of research methodologies
  • To outline administrative tasks for lab managers
  • To minimize risks and ensure a safe working environment (correct)

Which of the following is considered a biological hazard in a clinical laboratory?

  • Infectious agents (correct)
  • Wet floors
  • Open flames
  • Ungrounded electrical equipment

Which of the following is the most appropriate first step when exposed to a chemical hazard in the lab?

<p>Consult the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for specific instructions. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following scenarios poses the HIGHEST risk of electrical hazard?

<p>Operating equipment with frayed cords near a sink. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for using standard precautions in handling biological specimens?

<p>To minimize the risk of exposure to blood-borne pathogens. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the information, what is the appropriate disposal method for biological waste, excluding urine?

<p>Placing it in containers labeled with the biohazard symbol. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the purpose of personal protective equipment (PPE) in the laboratory?

<p>To provide physical barriers against workplace hazards. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What immediate action should be taken following a significant chemical splash to the eyes?

<p>Immediately flush the eyes with water for at least 15 minutes. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the MOST important reason for maintaining a clean and organized workspace in the lab?

<p>Reducing the risk of accidents and contamination. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following are considered health hazards that should be listed in a Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)?

<p>Corrosive and flammable (A), Toxic and teratogenic (C), Radioactive and explosive (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is NOT a required component of a Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)?

<p>Personal opinions of chemical usage (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about radioactive hazards is true?

<p>Shielding can reduce the amount of radiation exposure. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the aims of the OSHA Federal Hazard Communication Standard?

<p>To provide employees with comprehensive knowledge about chemical hazards. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes how exposure to radiation is managed?

<p>Through the application of shielding and maintaining distance. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done immediately after discarding urine in a laboratory sink?

<p>Flush the sink with water (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When disposing of sharp objects, what type of container should be used?

<p>A puncture-resistant, leak-proof container with a biohazard symbol (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the event of a chemical spill on skin, what is the first aid procedure?

<p>Flush the area with a large amount of water for 15 minutes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which instruction is crucial when mixing chemicals?

<p>Add acid to water to avoid splashing (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What must be labeled on a chemical container?

<p>A description of its particular hazard (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How often should the disinfection of the sink occur after urine disposal?

<p>Daily (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an unacceptable practice in the laboratory regarding pipetting?

<p>Pipetting by mouth (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be considered when using a sharp container?

<p>It should be replaced when the safety capacity mark is reached (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should you do immediately in case of an electrical hazard in the laboratory?

<p>Remove the electrical source (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which step is NOT part of the rescue procedures when dealing with potential fire hazards?

<p>Extinguish the fire immediately (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of containing a fire hazard by closing doors?

<p>To isolate the fire from other areas (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following actions should be prioritized during a fire emergency?

<p>Evacuate and ensure all personnel are safe (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is indicated as a critical first response in electrical hazards?

<p>Turn off the power supply (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In emergency procedures, what does the 'Alarm' step involve?

<p>Activating the institutional fire alarm system (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main takeaway from Benjamin Franklin's quote regarding investments?

<p>Investments in knowledge lead to better decision making (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hazard is typically greater in laboratory settings?

<p>Electrical hazards (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Urine Disposal

Urine must be poured into a laboratory sink under a protective shield, avoiding splashes.

Sink Disinfection

Daily disinfection of the sink should be done using a 1:5 or 1:10 dilution of sodium hypochlorite.

Sharp Object Disposal

Sharp items must be disposed of in puncture-resistant, leak-proof containers marked with a biohazard symbol.

Container Overfilling

Biohazard sharp containers should not be overfilled and must be replaced when full.

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Chemical Spill First Aid

In case of skin contact with chemicals, flush with large amounts of water for 15 minutes, then seek medical attention.

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Chemical Mixing Safety

Chemicals should never be mixed unless specified, and acid must always be added to water to prevent splashing.

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Safety Hazards

Potential sources of injury in the work environment.

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Prohibition of Mouth Pipetting

Pipetting by mouth is unacceptable in the laboratory to prevent contamination and poisoning.

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Biologic Hazards

Infectious agents that can cause disease.

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Chemical Labeling

All chemicals must be labeled with descriptions of their specific hazards to ensure safe handling.

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Sharps Hazards

Risks from needles and broken glass that can cause cuts.

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Chemical Hazards

Exposure to toxic substances or chemicals that can cause harm.

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Standard Precautions

Basic safety measures to prevent contamination and infection.

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Biological Waste Disposal

Proper disposal of all biohazardous materials to prevent contamination.

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Electrical Hazards

Danger from equipment that can cause burn or shock.

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Fire/Explosive Hazards

Risks arising from open flames or reactive chemicals.

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OSHA

Occupational Safety and Health Administration, mandates safety in workplaces.

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CDC

Centers for Disease Control, provides guidelines to prevent disease.

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Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)

Documents providing detailed information on chemical hazards in the workplace.

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Chemical Hazard Types

Includes poisonous, corrosive, flammable, explosive, teratogenic, and carcinogenic chemicals.

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Radioactive Hazards

Risks associated with the use of radioisotopes in laboratory procedures.

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Exposure Limits

Regulations defining the maximum amount of a substance a worker can be safely exposed to.

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Routes of Entry

Primary ways through which hazardous substances enter the body.

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Immediate Action for Electrical Hazard

Turn off the electrical source and remove hazards immediately.

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Rescue Procedures

Actions to take to rescue anyone in immediate danger.

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Alarm Activation

Activating the institutional fire alarm system during emergencies.

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Containment

Closing all doors to potentially affected areas to control emergencies.

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Extinguish or Evacuate

Making a choice to extinguish the fire or evacuate the area.

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Safety Familiarity

Laboratory personnel must know safety procedures and protocols.

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Study Notes

Safety and Quality Assessment - Topic 1

  • Objectives:
    • Identify and mitigate potential hazards in various work environments
    • State and interpret the components of the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) hazardous material labeling system

To Work Safely, Must Learn

  • Understand the existing hazards
  • Learn basic safety precautions associated with those hazards
  • Apply common sense safety rules for patients, coworkers, and oneself in everyday work.

Organizations

  • Mandated safety procedure manuals:
    • CDC: Centers for Disease Control
    • OSHA: Occupational Safety and Health Administration
  • Provides guidelines for writing procedures and policies:
    • CLSI: Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute

Types of Safety Hazards

  • Biologic: Infectious agents (bacteria, fungi, viruses, parasites)
  • Sharps: Needles, lancets, broken glass
  • Chemical: Preservatives, reagents
  • Radioactive: Equipment and radioisotopes
  • Electrical: Ungrounded or wet equipment; frayed cords
  • Fire/Explosive: Open flames, organic chemicals
  • Physical: Wet floors, heavy boxes, patients

Biological Hazards

  • Symbol: A yellow triangle with three intersecting circles

Susceptible Host

  • Elderly, infants, immunocompromised, anyone

Portal of Entry

  • Mouth, nose, eyes, cuts in skin, etc.

Pathogen

  • Bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites

Mode of Transmission

  • Direct contact (touching), indirect contact (contaminated surfaces), vectors (organisms such as insects)

Portal of Exit

  • Coughing/sneezing, bodily secretions (feces, etc.)

Reservoir

  • People, animals, soil, water
  • Vaccination, patient isolation, precautions

Standard Precautions

  • Hand hygiene
  • Gloves
  • Mouth, nose and eye protection
  • Gown
  • Patient care equipment
  • Environmental control
  • Linen
  • Occupational health for blood-borne pathogens
  • Patient placement
  • Respiratory hygiene/cough etiquette

Your 5 Moments for Hand Hygiene

  • Before touching a patient
  • Before a clean/aseptic procedure
  • After body fluid exposure risk
  • After touching a patient
  • After touching patient surroundings

Biological Waste Disposal

  • All biological waste (except urine), placed in labeled biohazard containers.
  • Urine, poured into laboratory sink with Plexiglass shield, and sink flushed afterward.
  • Daily disinfection of sink with 1:5 or 1:10 sodium hypochlorite solution.

Sharp Hazard

  • Dispose sharp objects in puncture-resistant, leak-proof containers with the biohazard symbol.
  • Biohazard sharp containers should not be overfilled or used past their safety capacity.

Chemical Hazard

  • Chemicals should not be mixed without specific instructions and added in a prescribed order.
  • Acids should always be added to water to prevent splashing.
  • Do not pipette by mouth.

Chemical Labeling

  • Labels should describe the specific chemical hazard.
  • Examples: poisonous, corrosive, flammable, explosive, teratogenic, carcinogenic.

Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)

  • OSHA Federal Hazard Communication Standard requires that employees know about chemical hazards in the workplace.
  • Information contained in MSDS are: Physical and chemical characteristics, fire and explosion potential, reactive potential, health hazards and first aid procedures, safe handling, disposal, primary routes of entry, exposure limits, carcinogenic potential.

Radioactive Hazards

  • Radioactivity might be encountered in procedures involving radioisotopes.
  • Amount of radiation exposure is related to: combination of time, distance and shielding.
  • Symbol must be displayed on doors of all areas where radioactive materials are.

Electrical Hazards

  • Electrical sources must be immediately turned off in laboratory settings.

Fire/Explosive Hazards

  • Laboratory personnel must be familiar with procedures of rescue, alarm, contain and extinguish/evacuate.

  • Rescue anyone in immediate danger.

  • Activate the institutional fire alarm system.

  • Close all doors to potentially affected areas.

  • Attempt to extinguish fire or evacuate.

Fire Extinguishers

  • Knowing the correct fire extinguisher types to use for different types of fires.

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Related Documents

Safety and Quality Assessment PDF

Description

Test your knowledge on the essential guidelines and safety procedures in a clinical laboratory setting. This quiz covers topics such as biological hazards, chemical safety, and the importance of personal protective equipment (PPE). Ensure you understand the best practices for maintaining a safe and effective laboratory environment.

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