Safety and Quality Assessment PDF

Analysis of Urine and Body Fluids Safety and Quality Assessment Topic 1 “An investment in knowledge pays the best interest.” – Benjamin Fran...

Analysis of Urine and Body Fluids Safety and Quality Assessment Topic 1 “An investment in knowledge pays the best interest.” – Benjamin Franklin  Analysis of Urine and Body Fluids Objectives: Identify and mitigate potential hazards in various work environments State and interpret the components of the National Fire Protection Association hazardous material labeling system “An investment in knowledge pays the best interest.” – Benjamin Franklin  Analysis of Urine and Body Fluids To work safety, must learn: what hazards exist basic safety precautions associated with them how to apply the basic rules of common sense required for everyday safety for patients, coworkers, and themselves “An investment in knowledge pays the best interest.” – Benjamin Franklin  Analysis of Urine and Body Fluids Organizations: Mandated the safety procedure manuals: - CDC: Centers for Disease - OSHA: Occupational safety and Health Administration Provides the guidelines for writing the procedures and policies: - CLSI: Clinical And Laboratory Standards Institution “An investment in knowledge pays the best interest.” – Benjamin Franklin  Analysis of Urine and Body Fluids Types of Safety Hazards: TYPE SOURCE POSSIBLE INJURY Biologic Infectious agents Bacterial, fungal, viral, or parasitic in fections Sharps Needles, lancets, broken glass Cuts, punctures, or blood-borne Chemical Preservatives and reagents Exposure to toxic, carcinogenic, or c austic agents Radioactive Equipment and radioisotopes Radiation exposure Electrical Ungrounded or wet equipment; frayed cor Burn or shock ds Fire/explosive Open flames, organic chemicals Burns or dismemberment Physical Wet floors, heavy boxes, patients Falls, sprains, or strains “An investment in knowledge pays the best interest.” – Benjamin Franklin  Analysis of Urine and Body Fluids Biological Hazards “An investment in knowledge pays the best interest.” – Benjamin Franklin  Analysis of Urine and Body Fluids “An investment in knowledge pays the best interest.” – Benjamin Franklin  Analysis of Urine and Body Fluids “An investment in knowledge pays the best interest.” – Benjamin Franklin  Analysis of Urine and Body Fluids “An investment in knowledge pays the best interest.” – Benjamin Franklin  Analysis of Urine and Body Fluids Standard Precautions Hand hygiene Gloves Mouth, nose and eye protection Gown Patient care equipment Environmental control Linen Occupational health and blood-borne pathogens Patient placement Respiratory hygiene / cough etiquette “An investment in knowledge pays the best interest.” – Benjamin Franklin  Analysis of Urine and Body Fluids “An investment in knowledge pays the best interest.” – Benjamin Franklin  Analysis of Urine and Body Fluids Biological waste Disposal: All biological waste, except urine, must be placed in appropriate containers labeled with the biohazard symbol. Urine may be discarded by pouring it into a laboratory sink under a Plexiglas countertop shield. Care must be taken to avoid splashing, and the sink should be flushed with water after specimen are discarded. Disinfection of the sink using a 1:5 or 1:10 dilution of sodium hypochloride should be performed daily. “An investment in knowledge pays the best interest.” – Benjamin Franklin  Analysis of Urine and Body Fluids Sharp Hazard “An investment in knowledge pays the best interest.” – Benjamin Franklin  Analysis of Urine and Body Fluids All sharp objects must be disposed in puncture-resistant, leak-proof container with the biohazard symbol. Biohazard sharp containers should not be overfilled and must always be replaced when the safety capacity mark is reached. “An investment in knowledge pays the best interest.” – Benjamin Franklin  Analysis of Urine and Body Fluids Chemical Hazard “An investment in knowledge pays the best interest.” – Benjamin Franklin  Analysis of Urine and Body Fluids Chemical Spills and Exposure: Skin contact, first aid is to flush the area with large a mount of water for 15 minutes, then seek for medical attention. “An investment in knowledge pays the best interest.” – Benjamin Franklin  Analysis of Urine and Body Fluids Chemical Handling Chemical should never be mixed together unless specific instructions are followed, and they must be added in the order specified. Acid should always be added to water to avoid the possibility of sudden splashing. PIPETTING BY MOUTH IS UNACCEPTABLE IN THE LABORATORY. “An investment in knowledge pays the best interest.” – Benjamin Franklin  Analysis of Urine and Body Fluids Chemical Labeling: Should be labeled with a description of their particular hazard. - poisonous, corrosive, flammable, explosive, teratogenic, carcinogenic “An investment in knowledge pays the best interest.” – Benjamin Franklin  Analysis of Urine and Body Fluids Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS): OSHA Federal Hazard Communication Standard requires that all employees have a right to know about all chemical hazard present in their workplace. Contained information: - Physical and chemical characterististics - Fire and explosion potential - Reactive potential - Health hazards and emergency first aid procedures - Methods for safe handling and disposal - Primary routes of entry - Exposure limits and carcinogenic potential- “An investment in knowledge pays the best interest.” – Benjamin Franklin  Analysis of Urine and Body Fluids Radioactive Hazards “An investment in knowledge pays the best interest.” – Benjamin Franklin  Analysis of Urine and Body Fluids Radioactivity may be encounter in the laboratory when procedures using radioisotopes are performed. - combination of time Amount of radiation - distance exposure is related to: - shielding Symbol must be displayed on the doors of all areas where radioactive materials is present. “An investment in knowledge pays the best interest.” – Benjamin Franklin  Analysis of Urine and Body Fluids Electrical Hazards “An investment in knowledge pays the best interest.” – Benjamin Franklin  Analysis of Urine and Body Fluids Needs to do: Danger on this hazard is greater in - electrical source the laboratory must be removed settings. immediately “An investment in knowledge pays the best interest.” – Benjamin Franklin - turn off the  Analysis of Urine and Body Fluids Fire/Explosive Hazards “An investment in knowledge pays the best interest.” – Benjamin Franklin  Analysis of Urine and Body Fluids Laboratory personnel should be familiar with these procedures. Rescue – rescue anyone in immediate danger Alarm – activate the institutional fire alarm system Contain – close all doors to potentially affected areas Extinguish/Evacuate – attempt to extinguish the fire or evacuate “An investment in knowledge pays the best interest.” – Benjamin Franklin  Analysis of Urine and Body Fluids “An investment in knowledge pays the best interest.” – Benjamin Franklin  Analysis of Urine and Body Fluids Thank You.! “An investment in knowledge pays the best interest.” – Benjamin Franklin