Cladogram Worksheet - Social Studies

Questions and Answers

How many organisms on the cladogram have lungs?

List a characteristic that salamanders and mice share.

They both have lungs and jaws.

Name 2 organisms that have fur and mammary glands.

Mouse and Chimp

Which organism does not have a jaw?

Hagfish Signup and view all the answers

List a characteristic that lizards and pigeons both have.

They both have claws or nails. Signup and view all the answers

Which pair of organisms are most closely related?

Perch and Salamander Signup and view all the answers

Name 2 organisms that have amniotic eggs.

Lizard and Birds Signup and view all the answers

Which animals can molt their exoskeleton?

Lobsters and Spiders Signup and view all the answers

Name organisms that have lungs.

Lungfish, Lizards, Birds, Mammals Signup and view all the answers

Name the 2 organisms with spiny-rayed fins.

Perch and Flounder Signup and view all the answers

Name all the characteristics that lizards and birds share.

Claws, Amniotic Egg, Lungs, Vertebrae, Seeing UV light Signup and view all the answers

Which pair of organisms are most closely related?

Lizards and Birds Signup and view all the answers

How would you explain to someone how to read a cladogram?

All of the animals above the line share the same characteristics that are written on that line. Signup and view all the answers

Define the Law of Superposition.

When there are layers of soil piled on each other, the youngest layer is on top and the oldest layer is at the bottom. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Organisms with Lungs

Five organisms identified to have lungs: Salamander, Lizard, Pigeon, Mouse, Chimp.
All these organisms are positioned above the "Lungs" line on the cladogram.

Shared Characteristics

Salamanders and mice both possess lungs and jaws, indicating a shared evolutionary trait.

Mammary Glands

The mouse and chimp are noted for having fur and mammary glands, highlighting their classification as mammals.

Jawless Organism

The hagfish is identified as the only organism lacking a jaw, emphasizing the diversity of jaw structures among vertebrates.

Claws and Nails

Lizards and pigeons are characterized by having either claws or nails, illustrating some anatomical similarities.

Closest Relatives

The most closely related pair of organisms on the cladogram is the perch and salamander due to their adjacent placement.

Amniotic Eggs

Organisms that lay amniotic eggs include lizards and birds, a trait that has implications for their reproductive strategies.

Molting Exoskeletons

Lobsters and spiders are capable of molting their exoskeletons, a crucial process for growth in arthropods.

Organisms with Lungs

The organisms that have lungs include founder, lungfish, lizards, birds, and mammals, showcasing evolutionary adaptations.

Spiny-rayed Fins

The perch and flounder are the two species characterized by spiny-rayed fins, relevant for their identification in aquatic systems.

Shared Characteristics of Lizards and Birds

Lizards and birds share several characteristics: claws, amniotic eggs, lungs, vertebrae, and the ability to see UV light.

Closest Relationship of Lizards and Birds

Lizards and birds are closely related according to their proximity on the cladogram, suggesting a shared evolutionary lineage.

Reading a Cladogram

A cladogram can be read by noting that all organisms above a characteristic line share that trait, indicating their evolutionary relationships.

Law of Superposition

Defines the concept that in layered soil deposits, the younger layers are positioned on top of older layers, providing a framework for understanding geological time.

Description

Dive into the fascinating world of organisms with this cladogram worksheet focusing on key characteristics like lungs and mammary glands. Test your understanding of evolutionary relationships and classification among various species. Perfect for social studies enthusiasts looking to explore biology concepts!