Circadian Rhythms and Sleep Hormones Quiz

At the back of the head

Related to the natural cycle of physical, mental, and behavioral processes that the body goes through in a 24-hour cycle, influenced by light and darkness.

Because they are involved in higher mental functions like interpreting and acting on information processed in other areas.

<p>No, the percentage varies and changes from person to person.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Send electric signals from the neurons to the cell body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Involved in speaking, muscle movement, making plans, and judgments.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Supports and protects neurons.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Allow the impulses to transmit quickly along the neurons.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Synapse.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Small chemical substances produced and released by neurons through regulated routes. Example: Insulin.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Maslow's hierarchy describes a pyramid of human needs, with basic physiological needs at the bottom and self-actualization at the top.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurological and developmental disorder that affects how people interact with others, communicate, learn, and behave.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Schemas and Accommodation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Case studies on limited children and generalized theory, lack of studying cultural settings and social interactions, and interviews not true to life and subject to interpretation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Piaget believed cognitive development depends on children's interactions and is the same for all children. Vygotsky believed cognitive development depends on the culture of the children's society and varies according to culture.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nausea and vomiting during pregnancy (NVP) caused by changes in maternal hormones during pregnancy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The key characteristic is egocentrism, where children struggle to see things from others' perspectives.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Self-transcendence is the concept of personal progress in spiritual/mental fields, involving crossing personal boundaries and experiencing spiritual ideas. It is an extension of Maslow's model, as Maslow referred to transcendence as the highest and most inclusive levels of human consciousness.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The medulla is located at the base of the brainstem. Its main function is to control heartbeat and breathing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The amygdala is located in the temporal lobe, just in front of the hippocampus. Its main function is the processing of emotions and memories associated with fear.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The hypothalamus is a neural structure positioned below the thalamus. Its main functions include regulating body temperature, hunger, fatigue, and controlling the hormone system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The hippocampus is located in the inner region of the temporal lobe. Its main function is storing long-term memories and making them hard to forget.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The cerebellum, also known as the 'little brain,' is situated at the rear of the brainstem. Its main function involves coordinating movement and balance, and it can also play a role in cognitive functions like language.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Classical conditioning is a type of learning where two stimuli are linked, and events can be anticipated. Ivan Pavlov conducted experiments on classical conditioning.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Operant conditioning is a type of learning where behavior is influenced by consequences. B.F. Skinner conducted experiments on operant conditioning.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An example of classical conditioning is teaching a dog to salivate when hearing a tone. This involves associating the tone (neutral stimulus) with the food (meaningful stimulus) to elicit a salivation response.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An example of operant conditioning is rewarding a rat with food when it presses a lever. This reinforces the behavior of pressing the lever, making it more likely to recur.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The key elements in classical conditioning are the unconditioned stimulus (US), unconditioned response (UR), neutral stimulus (NS), conditioned stimulus (CS), and conditioned response (CR).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Operant conditioning differs from classical conditioning in that it focuses on modifying behavior through consequences, such as reinforcement or punishment, while classical conditioning involves associating stimuli to elicit a response.</p> Signup and view all the answers