Chemistry Chapter 8: Chemical Bonds Quiz
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Chemistry Chapter 8: Chemical Bonds Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which type of bond involves the sharing of electrons between two nonmetals?

  • Metallic bond
  • Hydrogen bond
  • Covalent bond (correct)
  • Ionic bond
  • What occurs to potential energy when a covalent bond forms between two atoms?

  • It decreases until the bond is fully formed. (correct)
  • It fluctuates unpredictably.
  • It remains constant.
  • It increases steadily.
  • Which of the following correctly describes bond length and bond energy?

  • Shorter bonds require less energy to break.
  • As bond length increases, bond energy decreases. (correct)
  • Bond energy has no relation to bond length.
  • Bond length and bond energy are directly proportional.
  • Which statement accurately compares ionic and covalent bonds?

    <p>Ionic bonds result from the attraction between cations and anions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the smallest unit of a molecular compound?

    <p>Molecule</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of sodium donating an electron to chlorine in terms of ion formation?

    <p>Formation of Na+ and Cl- ions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which property is NOT characteristic of covalent compounds?

    <p>High melting and boiling points</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does lattice energy indicate about an ionic compound?

    <p>Energy released when an ionic compound is formed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines a polyatomic ion?

    <p>A group of atoms with either a positive or negative charge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key property of metals due to metallic bonding?

    <p>They can be easily hammered into thin sheets</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What primarily drives the formation of chemical bonds between atoms?

    <p>The electrostatic attraction between positively and negatively charged particles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes a covalent bond?

    <p>It results from the sharing of valence electrons between atoms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between electronegativity and covalent bonds?

    <p>The difference in electronegativity affects the degree of ionic character in bonds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of metals and non-metals in ionic bonding?

    <p>Metals lose electrons to form cations, while non-metals gain electrons to form anions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about chemical formulas is true?

    <p>They indicate the amount and type of elements in a substance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many valence electrons does Selenium (Se) have?

    <p>6</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the resulting ion when Aluminum (Al) loses 3 electrons?

    <p>Al3+</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which element shows 5 valence electrons in its Lewis Dot Structure?

    <p>Phosphorus (P)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of bond results from the transfer of valence electrons between atoms?

    <p>Ionic bond</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following elements is in group 14 and has 4 valence electrons?

    <p>Tin (Sn)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which atom is typically not the central atom in a covalent compound?

    <p>Hydrogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum number of valence electrons that atoms, other than H and He, aim to have according to the octet rule?

    <p>8</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the molecule $NF_3$, how many bonds are formed between the nitrogen and fluorine atoms?

    <p>Single bonds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many total electrons are shared in a double bond?

    <p>4 electrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is formed when two unequal energy orbitals combine?

    <p>One larger equal energy orbital</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the molecular geometry of the phosphate ion (PO₄³⁻)?

    <p>Tetrahedral</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which polyatomic ion has a trigonal pyramidal geometry?

    <p>SO₃²⁻</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Lewis structure of the ammonium ion (NH₄⁺)?

    <p>H-N-H with a bond to another H atom</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of geometry is associated with the chlorite ion (ClO₂⁻)?

    <p>Angular</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following correctly describes the geometry of methane (CH₄)?

    <p>Tetrahedral</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which molecular geometry has two atoms bonded to the central atom and no lone pairs of electrons?

    <p>Linear</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of molecular shape corresponds with three bonded atoms and no lone pairs on the central atom?

    <p>Trigonal Planar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In VSEPR theory, which arrangement is expected for a molecular geometry with two bonded atoms and one lone pair?

    <p>Bent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines whether a molecule is polar or non-polar?

    <p>The symmetry of the molecule's shape</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following molecular geometries involves four atoms bonded to the central atom with no lone pairs?

    <p>Tetrahedral</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about polar molecules is correct?

    <p>They possess a positive and a negative end.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For a molecular shape with three atoms bonded and one lone pair, which shape is represented?

    <p>Trigonal-Pyramidal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What indicates a non-polar molecule when evaluating its elements?

    <p>It has two identical atoms connected by a double bond.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of intermolecular force specifically involves the attraction between polar molecules?

    <p>Dipole-Dipole</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of intermolecular force occurs when a polar molecule induces a dipole in a non-polar molecule?

    <p>Dipole-induced Dipole</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does resonance imply about certain molecular structures?

    <p>They can be represented by multiple valid structures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a polar molecule's dipole representation, what does the direction of the arrow indicate?

    <p>The direction of electron deficiency.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of intermolecular force is present in noble gases and non-polar molecules?

    <p>London Dispersion Forces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which example best illustrates a dipole-dipole interaction?

    <p>NH3 interacting with HCl</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true about dipole-induced dipole forces?

    <p>They can occur between a polar and a non-polar molecule.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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