29 Questions
What defines an ionic bond?
Donation of electron(s) from a metal atom to a non-metal atom
How do covalent bonds differ from ionic bonds?
They consist of the sharing of valence electrons between non-metal atoms
What is the goal of atoms in forming covalent bonds?
To complete octet in the nucleus
Which type of covalent bond is characterized by sharing electrons unequally?
Polar covalent bond
How are polar covalent bonds visualized?
By evaluating the extent of electron pair sharing between two non-metal atoms
What makes a bond non-polar covalent?
Equal sharing of electron pairs between two non-metal atoms
If an atom pulls electrons in a bond stronger than another atom, what type of bond is formed?
Polar covalent bond
What is the definition of electronegativity?
A numerical value given to each element that connects it to ionization energy and electron affinity
According to the Pauling scale of electronegativities, which element is the most electronegative?
Fluorine
How does the location of an element on the periodic table relate to its ionic character?
Elements on the left have lower electronegativities and more ionic tendencies
How can bond type between two atoms be determined using electronegativity values?
By subtracting the smaller value from the larger value
In a bond, which element would pull stronger than any other due to its high electronegativity?
Fluorine
What type of bond would most likely form between a metal and a non-metal according to their positions on the periodic table?
Ionic bond
Which scientist developed a scale of electronegativities for nearly all elements on the periodic table?
Linus Pauling
What is the main difference between ionic and covalent bonds?
The sharing of electrons
How does a metal atom contribute to an ionic bond?
By donating electrons
What is the primary objective of non-metal atoms in a covalent bond?
To complete their valence shell
In a polar covalent bond, what happens if one atom pulls harder than the other?
The bond is considered polar covalent
How can you differentiate between a polar and non-polar covalent bond?
By evaluating the electron pair sharing between the atoms
What characterizes a non-polar covalent bond?
Equal sharing of electrons
Why does a metal atom donate electrons in an ionic bond?
To complete its valence shell
What is electronegativity?
A numerical value given to each element connecting it to ionization energy and electron affinity
Which element is the most electronegative according to the Pauling scale?
Fluorine
What defines an ionic bond?
A bond with a difference in electronegativity values greater than 1.7
How can bond polarity be determined without an electronegativity chart?
By identifying the atoms involved as metals or non-metals
What factor distinguishes polar covalent bonds from non-polar covalent bonds?
The difference in electronegativity values falls within 0.4-1.7 for polar covalent bonds
In which part of the periodic table are elements more likely to exhibit ionic character?
Left-hand side
What happens when two non-metals form a bond?
They usually form a covalent bond
How does using a Pauling chart help determine bond types?
By subtracting electronegativity values and categorizing based on the result
Learn about the differences between ionic and covalent bonds in chemistry. Understand how these two types of chemical bonds form based on the interaction of valence electrons between atoms.
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