Chemical Kinetics and Reaction Orders Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the expression for the rate of a reaction?

  • 2HI
  • 2NO2
  • N2O
  • dc/dt (correct)

    • What is the specific rate constant for a single-step reaction?

  • 2NO2
  • 2HI
  • K (correct)
  • N2O2

    • What does the half-life of a reaction refer to?

  • The time required for 10% of the material to disappear
  • The time at which C has decreased to 1/2 C
  • The time required for one-half of the material to disappear (correct)
  • The time at which C has decreased to 90% of its original concentration

    • What does molecularity provide complete detail about?

    <p>Order of reaction specially those of several steps</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to kinetic study, how is the rate of a reaction determined?

    <p>By the slow step</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first-order rate constant for an ordinary solution?

    <p>-d[C]/dt = kf[C]</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the case of a suspension, what is the relationship between Kf, solubility, and K0?

    <p>K0 = Kf x Solubility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the second-order equation describe?

    <p>Bimolecular reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the rate law for second-order reactions depend on?

    <p>The product of the concentrations of A and B raised to the second power</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can the rate law for second-order reactions be integrated and written according to 3 possibilities?

    <p>Using the initial concentrations of A and B, and the concentration of each species reacting in time t</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the value of k for the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide?

    <p>0.0277 min^-1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the half-life (t90) related to the initial concentration and k?

    <p>t90 = 0.10[A]o /k0</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the time at which the drug will have decomposed to one-half of its original concentration?

    <p>40 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which equation is used to calculate the value of k for the hydrogen peroxide decomposition?

    <p>k = 2.303 𝐶0 log 𝑡 𝐶</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the value of k represent in the context of chemical kinetics?

    <p>Rate constant for the reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the dielectric constant affect the rate constant of an ionic reaction?

    <p>It increases the rate constant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor affects the rate of reactions depending on the polarity of the reactant?

    <p>Solvent polarity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What equation is used to calculate the shelf life (t90%) from K25°C?

    <p>$t90% = 0.105/ K25°C$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the equation log 𝑲𝟐 𝑲𝟏 = 𝑬𝒂 𝑻𝟐−𝑻𝟏 ( ) 𝟐.𝟑𝟎𝟆𝑹𝑻 𝑻𝟐𝑻𝟏 represent?

    <p>Arrhenius equation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the plot of logarithm of rate constants (k) against reciprocal of absolute temperature allow to calculate?

    <p>$K_{25°C}$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the ionic strength affect in a reaction?

    <p>Rate of reaction for ionic compounds only</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the rate law for a second-order reaction?

    <p>Rate = -d[A]/dt = k[A]^2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between Kf, solubility, and K0 in the case of a suspension?

    <p>K0 = Kf x solubility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the rate law for an ordinary solution with no drug reservoir according to the provided text?

    <p>-d[C]/dt = kf[C]</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the expression -d[A]/dt = K0 represent in the context of chemical kinetics?

    <p>Rate law for an ordinary solution with no drug reservoir</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the second-order equation describe in chemical kinetics?

    <p>Rate of decomposition of A and B</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the equation for the rate of decomposition in a second-order reaction?

    <p>-d[A]/dt = k[A]^2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the order of the reaction with respect to acetic anhydride?

    <p>First order</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the order of the reaction with respect to ethyl alcohol?

    <p>Second order</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the overall order of the reaction?

    <p>Second order</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If the alcohol is in large excess and only a small amount is used up in the reaction, what is the order of the reaction?

    <p>Zero order</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What process may affect the stability of drugs in liquid, solid, and semisolid products?

    <p>Hydrolysis, oxidation, isomerization, epimerization, and photolysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between K observed, KOH, OH−, [OH−], and Kw?

    <p>$K observed = KOH - OH− [OH- ] = Kw/ [H+ ]$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of pharmaceutical decomposition process can affect the stability of drugs in various products?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the rate equation $Rate= − rac{d(CH3CO)2O}{dt} = k [(CH3CO)2O] [C2H5OH]^2$ indicate about the rate of reaction?

    <p>$Rate$ increases exponentially with concentration changes in acetic anhydride.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the stability of thiamine hydrochloride and pH?

    <p>It is most stable at pH 2 to 3 and unstable above pH 6</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does molecularity classify the reaction into?

    <p>Unimolecular, bimolecular, and trimolecular</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does chemical kinetics study in relation to drug products?

    <p>The rates and mechanisms of reactions, particularly the decomposition and stabilization of drug products</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the logarithm of rate constants (k) at various temperatures plotted against reciprocal of absolute temperature allow to calculate?

    <p>Activation energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can the shelf life t90% be calculated from the provided equation?

    <p>t90% = 0.105 / K25°C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the polarity of solvents affect in reactions?

    <p>The rate of reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the ionic strength affect the rate of reaction?

    <p>It increases the rate of reaction for neutral molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the specific reaction rate (k) and the absolute temperature (T) according to Arrhenius equation?

    <p>k = Ae$-E_a/RT$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor is expected to affect the reaction velocity in addition to concentration, based on the provided text?

    <p>Molecularity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between reaction rate and temperature according to Collision Theory?

    <p>Reaction rate increases as temperature increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the interfacial tension cause immiscible liquids to do?

    <p>Resist mixing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of intermolecular forces are reflected in the large surface tension values for mercury and water?

    <p>Hydrogen bonds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What chemical groups decrease the interfacial tension when present in a substance?

    <p>Groups capable of hydrogen bonding with water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the net effect on molecules at the surface of a liquid?

    <p>They experience an inward force toward the bulk</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is interfacial tension?

    <p>The force per unit area existing at the interface between two immiscible liquid phases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are interfacial tensions ordinarily less than surface tensions?

    <p>Because the adhesive forces between two liquid phases forming an interface are greater</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the initial spreading coefficient when benzene is added to water?

    <p>10.1 dyne/cm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a negative final spreading coefficient indicate?

    <p>Formation of a lens by benzene on the surface of water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What phenomenon is observed when benzene and water become mutually saturated with each other?

    <p>Formation of a lens by benzene on the surface of water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of molecular structures lead to high spreading coefficient?

    <p>Non-polar molecular structures</p> Signup and view all the answers

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