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Root hair cells in plants are adapted for diffusion by having an increased ______ area.
Root hair cells in plants are adapted for diffusion by having an increased ______ area.
surface
The higher the ______, the faster molecules move, increasing the rate of diffusion.
The higher the ______, the faster molecules move, increasing the rate of diffusion.
temperature
Active transport requires ______ from respiration to move particles.
Active transport requires ______ from respiration to move particles.
energy
Particles naturally move from a region of ______ concentration to a region of higher concentration by diffusion.
Particles naturally move from a region of ______ concentration to a region of higher concentration by diffusion.
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Blood capillaries and alveoli have walls that are only one cell ______ to facilitate faster transport.
Blood capillaries and alveoli have walls that are only one cell ______ to facilitate faster transport.
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One example of active transport is the uptake of ______ by the villi of the small intestine.
One example of active transport is the uptake of ______ by the villi of the small intestine.
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Osmosis is the net movement of water molecules from a region of higher water potential to a region of ______ water potential.
Osmosis is the net movement of water molecules from a region of higher water potential to a region of ______ water potential.
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Partially permeable membranes allow only ______ to pass through them.
Partially permeable membranes allow only ______ to pass through them.
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Ions are absorbed from soil water by ______ cells in plants through active transport.
Ions are absorbed from soil water by ______ cells in plants through active transport.
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The rigidity of plant cells is maintained by water entering the cells by ______.
The rigidity of plant cells is maintained by water entering the cells by ______.
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Active transport moves particles against a ______ gradient.
Active transport moves particles against a ______ gradient.
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A cell wall in plant cells prevents the cell from ______ when excess water enters.
A cell wall in plant cells prevents the cell from ______ when excess water enters.
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Visking tube is an example of a ______ membrane used in dialysis.
Visking tube is an example of a ______ membrane used in dialysis.
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Diffusion is the net movement of particles from a region of their higher concentration to a region of their lower concentration, also known as down a ______ gradient.
Diffusion is the net movement of particles from a region of their higher concentration to a region of their lower concentration, also known as down a ______ gradient.
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The energy for diffusion comes from the kinetic energy of random movement of ______ and ions.
The energy for diffusion comes from the kinetic energy of random movement of ______ and ions.
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Some substances move into and out of cells by diffusion through the cell ______.
Some substances move into and out of cells by diffusion through the cell ______.
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Water diffuses through partially permeable membranes by ______.
Water diffuses through partially permeable membranes by ______.
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Active transport is the movement of particles through a cell membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration, which uses energy from ______.
Active transport is the movement of particles through a cell membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration, which uses energy from ______.
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Plant cells are supported by the pressure of water inside the cells pressing outwards on the cell ______.
Plant cells are supported by the pressure of water inside the cells pressing outwards on the cell ______.
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Cell membranes are semi-permeable, allowing some molecules to pass while requiring ______ structures for others.
Cell membranes are semi-permeable, allowing some molecules to pass while requiring ______ structures for others.
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Passive mechanisms use no ______ to move molecules across a membrane.
Passive mechanisms use no ______ to move molecules across a membrane.
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Diffusion is the net movement of particles from a region of their higher concentration to a region of their lower concentration DOWN a concentration ______.
Diffusion is the net movement of particles from a region of their higher concentration to a region of their lower concentration DOWN a concentration ______.
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The energy for diffusion comes from the kinetic energy of this random movement called ______ motion.
The energy for diffusion comes from the kinetic energy of this random movement called ______ motion.
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Diffusion helps living organisms to obtain many of their ______.
Diffusion helps living organisms to obtain many of their ______.
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In the lungs, oxygen diffuses from the ______ into the blood.
In the lungs, oxygen diffuses from the ______ into the blood.
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Carbon dioxide moves from the blood to the ______ during respiration.
Carbon dioxide moves from the blood to the ______ during respiration.
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In the leaf, oxygen produced during photosynthesis diffuses from the air into the ______.
In the leaf, oxygen produced during photosynthesis diffuses from the air into the ______.
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To increase the rate of diffusion, having a greater surface area results in a ______ rate of diffusion.
To increase the rate of diffusion, having a greater surface area results in a ______ rate of diffusion.
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In the small intestine, digested food molecules like glucose and amino acids move from the lumen to the blood through ______.
In the small intestine, digested food molecules like glucose and amino acids move from the lumen to the blood through ______.
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Study Notes
Movement of Particles Across Cell Membranes
- Diffusion is the net movement of particles from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration. This is driven by the kinetic energy of the particles.
- Diffusion is essential for gas and solute exchange in organisms. Factors that affect diffusion rate include surface area, temperature, and distance.
- Water diffuses through partially permeable membranes by a process called osmosis. Water moves from a region of higher water potential to a region of lower water potential.
- Active transport moves particles against their concentration gradient (from low to high concentration). This process requires energy from respiration.
- Active transport is used by cells to absorb needed materials or excrete waste products, important for transport in organisms.
Factors Affecting Diffusion
- Surface area to volume ratio: A larger surface area relative to volume increases the rate of diffusion. Cells with increased surface area are adapted for diffusion, such as root hair cells and those lining the small intestine.
- Temperature: Higher temperatures increase the kinetic energy of particles, leading to faster diffusion rates.
- Distance: Shorter distances allow particles to diffuse more quickly. This is crucial in structures such as blood capillaries and alveoli, where the thin walls promote rapid gas exchange.
Osmosis
- Osmosis is the net movement of water molecules across a partially permeable membrane from a region of higher water potential to a region of lower water potential.
- Partially permeable membranes only allow water molecules to pass through.
- Osmosis is important in maintaining turgor pressure in plant cells, supporting plants and preventing cell damage.
Active Transport
- Active transport moves particles against their concentration gradient (low to high). This process requires energy from respiration.
- Active transport is used by cells to take up needed substances, such as glucose in the intestines, or ions from the soil.
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Description
Explore the concepts of particle movement across cell membranes in this quiz. Understand diffusion, osmosis, and active transport, and learn how various factors influence these processes. Perfect for biology students diving into cellular functions and transport mechanisms.
