Cavite Mutiny and GOMBURZA Overview

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Questions and Answers

What was the main belief of the participants in the Cavite Mutiny regarding its outcome?

It would result in stronger ties with the Spanish clergy.

It would lead to immediate independence from Spain.

It would lead to further discontent among the military.

It would escalate into a national uprising. (correct)

Which of the following statements about GOMBURZA is true?

They were secular priests advocating for independence.

They were military leaders involved in the mutiny.

They were executed for being falsely accused of masterminding the mutiny. (correct)

They were Spanish clergy opposing the movement of Filipino priests.

What was the reaction of the Spanish government towards the Cavite Mutiny?

They ignored the uprising entirely.

They supported the mutiny as a call for independence.

They executed many participants as punishment. (correct)

They formed alliances with the mutineers.

How did Jose Montero y Vidal interpret the Cavite Mutiny?

As a conspiratorial effort against the Spanish monarchy. Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant disadvantage of Spanish accounts regarding events like the Cavite Mutiny?

They tended to present a biased view against Filipino participants. Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary intention of the central Spanish government regarding the friars' powers?

To completely remove their intervention in civil government Signup and view all the answers

What was one major consequence of the Cavite Mutiny for the leaders that were implicated?

They were tried by a court-martial and executed Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant effect of Gen. Izquierdo's arrival in Manila?

It ended the hopes for reforms and increased repression Signup and view all the answers

How did the friars utilize the Cavite Mutiny to their advantage?

They showed it as part of a larger conspiracy by Filipinos Signup and view all the answers

What was the long-term consequence of the events surrounding the Cavite Mutiny?

It sparked the start of the revolution culminating in 1898 Signup and view all the answers

What was the task of POLISTAS during Spanish rule?

Construction of buildings and churches Signup and view all the answers

What payment was required for exemption from forced labor?

1 ½ Reals Signup and view all the answers

What event on January 20, 1872, was mistakenly taken as a signal for rebellion?

The Feast of the Virgin Loreto Signup and view all the answers

Who led the attack on the Spanish officers during the revolt?

Sergeant La Madrid Signup and view all the answers

What was the consequence of the uprising for the GOMBURZA?

They were executed by garrote Signup and view all the answers

What was one factor that contributed to the revolt being quickly quelled?

Manilenos did not arrive as expected Signup and view all the answers

How did the Spanish accounts portray the events of the 1872 revolt?

As a premeditated conspiracy involving educated leaders Signup and view all the answers

What did Dr. Trinidad Hermenegildo Pardo de Tavera describe the incident in Cavite as?

A mutiny by soldiers and laborers Signup and view all the answers

Who was implicated by Governor Rafael Izquierdo in the secularization of parishes?

Native clergy Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the promises made by the native clergy that attracted supporters?

Employment and wealth Signup and view all the answers

What was the term used to describe a head of government in Filipino context according to the excerpt?

Hari Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of paying tribute (tributo) from the perspective of the Spanish government?

It showed loyalty to the King of Spain Signup and view all the answers

What replaced the tribute system in 1884?

Cedula Signup and view all the answers

What was the age range of Filipinos required to give free labor known as polo?

16 to 60 years old Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following was involved in the plans for a rebellion according to Izquierdo?

Father Burgos and Zamora Signup and view all the answers

What was the nature of the tax Diezmos Prediales?

A tax consisting of 1/10 of agricultural produce Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

The Cavite Mutiny

The Cavite Mutiny, a rebellion that took place on January 20th, 1872, was an uprising of Filipino soldiers and laborers at Fort San Felipe, the arsenal in Cavite.
The mutiny was fueled by the belief that it would spark a larger national uprising, but it was unsuccessful.
The mutiny was quickly quelled by Spanish forces, leading to the execution of numerous participants.
The event is also known as the "Cavite Revolt" or the "Cavite Uprising."

The Martyrdom of GOMBURZA

GOMBURZA refers to the three Filipino priests, Mariano Gomez, Jose Burgos and Jacinto Zamora, who were executed by garrote in 1872.
They were accused of treason and sedition, and their execution served as a way to suppress potential Filipino dissent.
The Spanish clergy connected the priests to the mutiny, alleging that they were part of a conspiracy to undermine their authority.
They wrongly accused the priests of leading a movement for secular priests who wanted their own parishes, rather than being assistants to the regular friars.

Spanish Accounts Of The Mutiny

Jose Montero y Vidal, a Spanish historian, argued that the Cavite Mutiny was an attempt to overthrow the Spanish government in the Philippines.
Governor Rafael Izquierdo, accused the native clergy of conspiring to overthrow the Spanish authorities.
Both Spanish accounts portrayed the mutiny as a coordinated effort by Filipinos to undermine Spanish power and establish a new government, led by Father Burgos and Zamora.
Spanish accounts highlight two main reasons for the rebellion:
- Abolition of privileges enjoyed by workers at the Cavite Arsenal, including exemption from tribute and forced labor
- The perceived threat posed by the native clergy, seen as "conspiring and supporting" the rebels.

Filipino Accounts of the Mutiny

Dr. Trinidad Hermenegildo Pardo de Tavera, a prominent Filipino scholar and researcher, argued that the mutiny was a reaction to the oppressive policies of Governor Izquierdo, specifically the draconian policy of abolishing privileges and preventing the establishment of a school of arts and trades.
Edmund Plauchut, a French writer, provided a compelling analysis of the events, supporting Tavera’s argument and concluding that the mutiny was a product of growing dissatisfaction with Spanish rule and the repression of Filipino aspirations for reform
Filipino accounts emphasized the exploitative nature of Spanish rule, highlighting the hardships faced by Filipinos and the repressive policies that fueled the rebellion.

Differing Accounts

Both Spanish and Filipino accounts presented distinct viewpoints on the nature and motivations behind the Cavite Mutiny.
Spanish accounts tended to magnify the threat to Spanish authority and portray the mutiny as a deliberate and coordinated rebellion.
Filipino accounts emphasized the exploitative and repressive nature of Spanish rule, highlighting the resentment and frustration that fueled the uprising.

The Aftermath

The Cavite Mutiny and the subsequent execution of GOMBURZA became a symbol of Filipino resistance against Spanish rule and a catalyst for the growing nationalist movement in the Philippines.
Although ultimately unsuccessful, the mutiny served as a turning point in the struggle for Filipino independence.
The events of 1872 sowed the seeds of resistance and inspired generations of Filipino revolutionaries who ultimately fought for their nation's freedom.

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Description

Explore the events surrounding the Cavite Mutiny of 1872 and the martyrdom of the priests known as GOMBURZA. This quiz delves into the historical context, causes, and implications of these pivotal moments in Filipino history. Learn about the uprising's impact and the subsequent execution of the priests, who were unjustly linked to the rebellion.