Acute Coronary Syndromes Quiz

A condition characterized by excess body fat around the abdomen, linked to increased risk of heart disease.

A cluster of health problems increasing the risk of heart disease, including high blood pressure, high blood sugar, and high cholesterol.

A type of fat that raises bad cholesterol (LDL) levels, increasing heart disease risk.

A heart attack, caused by prolonged blockage of blood flow to a part of the heart muscle, leading to cell death.

A buildup of plaque in the coronary arteries, which can rupture and trigger a heart attack.

The process by which platelets clump together at the site of a ruptured plaque, forming a blood clot that can block blood flow.

The formation of a blood clot that blocks an artery, leading to a heart attack.

The death of heart muscle cells due to lack of oxygen caused by a blocked coronary artery.

A group of heart conditions caused by a sudden decrease in blood flow to the heart, including Unstable Angina, Non-ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI), and ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI).

The most common cause is the rupture of a plaque in a coronary artery, leading to the formation of a blood clot (thrombus).

This refers to the buildup of cholesterol and other fatty substances inside the arteries, creating plaques that can rupture and block blood flow.

A thin fibrous cap surrounding a plaque ruptures, releasing lipid-rich material into the bloodstream, which triggers platelets to stick together and form a clot.

The coagulation cascade is activated, leading to the formation of a fibrin network, which strengthens and stabilizes the growing clot.

The partial or complete blockage of coronary blood flow causes the heart muscle to be deprived of oxygen, leading to ischemia.

Persistent ischemia can lead to the death of the heart muscle, also known as heart attack.

ACS is caused by atherosclerosis, a process that does not involve an infectious agent. Therefore, it is not transmissible.

A heart attack occurs when a part of the heart muscle is damaged or dies due to a lack of blood flow. This is usually caused by a blood clot blocking a coronary artery, which supplies blood to the heart.

Risk factors for MI are conditions or habits that increase your chances of having a heart attack. They can be modified (changed) by lifestyle adjustments or non-modifiable (unchangeable) due to genetics or aging.

High blood pressure puts extra strain on your arteries, making them more likely to rupture and cause blood clots. This increases the risk of a heart attack.

High LDL cholesterol (bad cholesterol) builds up in your arteries, forming plaque. This plaque can rupture, trigger a blood clot, and block blood flow to the heart.

Smoking damages blood vessels, increases blood clotting, and lowers oxygen levels in your blood, significantly increasing the risk of a heart attack.

Diabetes increases the risk of heart attacks by causing damage to blood vessels and negatively affecting blood sugar regulation.

Obesity increases the risk of metabolic syndrome, a cluster of conditions including high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and insulin resistance, all of which heighten the risk of a heart attack.

Lack of physical activity increases the risk of developing several conditions such as obesity, diabetes, and high blood pressure, all of which contribute to heart attacks.