Introduction to Acute Coronary Syndrome

What is the cardiac-specific isoenzyme that increases when there has been damage to cardiac cells?

Which biomarker remains elevated for a long period, often as long as 2 weeks, and can be used to detect recent myocardial damage?

What protein found in myocardial cells regulates the myocardial contractile process?

What is used to evaluate ventricular function and can assist in diagnosing an MI, especially when the ECG is nondiagnostic?

Which enzyme level starts to increase within 1 to 3 hours after the onset of symptoms and peaks within 12 hours?

What are used to diagnose an acute MI based on the release of cellular contents into the circulation when myocardial cells die?

What is the preferred term for coronary occlusion and myocardial infarction?

Which condition includes reduced blood flow in a coronary artery, often due to rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque?

What can result in chest pain and other symptoms that may be referred to as preinfarction angina?

What results in complete occlusion of a coronary artery, leading to ischemia and necrosis of the myocardium?

Which term is used synonymously with coronary occlusion and heart attack?

What situation can result in chest pain and other symptoms that may be referred to as preinfarction angina?

When does a clot begin to form on top of the coronary lesion but the artery is not completely occluded?

What results in vasospasm (sudden constriction or narrowing) of a coronary artery?

What leads to decreased oxygen supply in the context of acute coronary syndrome?

What may result in chest pain and other symptoms that can be referred to as preinfarction angina?

What condition results in necrosis of the myocardium supplied by a specific artery due to complete occlusion of the artery?

What leads to increased demand for oxygen in the context of acute coronary syndrome?

What is the main presenting symptom in most patients with acute coronary syndrome?

What do the signs and symptoms of MI, caused by stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system, include?

What diagnostic tool provides information to assist in ruling out or diagnosing an acute MI?

What is a key diagnostic indicator for STEMI (ST-elevation myocardial infarction)?

What do abnormal Q waves on an ECG indicate?

How is NSTEMI (non-ST elevation myocardial infarction) diagnosed?

What is the first ECG indicator to return to normal during recovery from an MI?

What differentiates NSTEMI from STEMI?

What causes the ST segment to rise at least 1 mm above the isoelectric line on an ECG during an acute MI?

Which term refers to the differentiation between NSTEMI and STEMI based on diagnostic tests?

What is the main goal of medical therapy for patients with acute coronary syndrome?

What may be present during an MI without persistent ST elevation or other ECG changes?

What is the preferred term for an emergent situation characterized by an acute onset of myocardial ischemia that can lead to myocardial death?

What condition involves reduced blood flow in a coronary artery, often due to rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque, and may result in chest pain and other symptoms known as preinfarction angina?

What occurs when plaque rupture and subsequent thrombus formation result in complete occlusion of a coronary artery, leading to ischemia and necrosis of the myocardium supplied by that artery?

What is the term used to describe the spectrum of Acute Coronary Syndrome which includes unstable angina, NSTEMI, and STEMI?

Which condition involves sudden constriction or narrowing of a coronary artery and may lead to decreased oxygen supply, resulting in myocardial ischemia?

What type of situation results in reduced blood flow in a coronary artery, often due to rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque, but without complete occlusion of the artery?

In which condition does a clot begin to form on top of the coronary lesion but the artery is not completely occluded?

Which protein found in myocardial cells is specific for cardiac muscle and recognized as a reliable marker of myocardial injury?

What enzyme is a cardiac-specific isoenzyme found mainly in cardiac cells and increases when there has been damage to these cells?

Which enzyme level starts to increase within a few hours during acute MI and remains elevated for a long period, often as long as 2 weeks?

What diagnostic tool can be used to evaluate ventricular function and assist in diagnosing an MI, especially when the ECG is nondiagnostic?

What is the preferred term for coronary occlusion and heart attack?

Which condition results in necrosis of the myocardium supplied by a specific artery due to complete occlusion of the artery?

What may be used to rule out an acute MI if negative results are obtained?

When does myoglobin level start to increase after the onset of symptoms and when does it peak?

What can detect hypokinetic and akinetic wall motion and determine the ejection fraction?

What is the main presenting symptom in most patients with acute coronary syndrome?

What are the ECG changes that occur with an MI?

Which biomarker remains elevated for a long period, often as long as 2 weeks, and can be used to detect recent myocardial damage?

What is the preferred term for coronary occlusion and myocardial infarction?

What may result in chest pain and other symptoms that can be referred to as preinfarction angina?

What condition results in necrosis of the myocardium supplied by a specific artery due to complete occlusion of the artery?

Which term refers to the differentiation between NSTEMI and STEMI based on diagnostic tests?

What enzyme level starts to increase within 1 to 3 hours after the onset of symptoms and peaks within 12 hours?

What results in complete occlusion of a coronary artery, leading to ischemia and necrosis of the myocardium?

What is used to evaluate ventricular function and can assist in diagnosing an MI, especially when the ECG is nondiagnostic?