BSMLS MT303A Week 3: Leukocytes Overview
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Questions and Answers

What is the shape of the nucleus in macrophages?

  • Horse-shoe shaped with brain-like convulsions (correct)
  • Segmented with three lobes
  • Circular and non-granular
  • Oval with prominent nucleoli

    • Which characteristic is true for basophils' cytoplasm?

  • Non-granular and appears smooth
  • Contains fine dust-like azurophilic granules
  • Stains pale blue and is frequently vacuolated
  • Dark purple granules that are water-soluble (correct)

    • What is the nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio (N/C ratio) of a lymphoblast?

  • 2:1
  • 1:2
  • 4:1 (correct)
  • 3:1

    • Which of the following lymphocyte types is responsible for humoral immunity?

    <p>B lymphocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a distinguishing feature of small lymphocytes?

    <p>No nucleoli visible</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cell has granules that tend to wash out when stained?

    <p>Basophils</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Prolymphocytes are characterized by which of the following?

    <p>High N/C ratio of 4:1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of Natural Killer (NK) cells?

    <p>Destroy tumor and virus-infected cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which description accurately depicts the chromatin in monoblasts?

    <p>Lacy and fine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What feature is characteristic of medium lymphocytes?

    <p>Highly abundant cytoplasm that is pale to moderately blue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What shape is the nucleus of a large lymphocyte typically?

    <p>Oval or slightly indented</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of granules do eosinophils contain?

    <p>Peroxidase and Eosinophilic Chemotactic Factor A</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do the granules of basophils appear in stained samples?

    <p>Dark purple to blue-black but may wash out</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic does a myeloblast have regarding its nucleus?

    <p>Occupies about 4/5 of the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a feature of eosinophils?

    <p>Full complement of large, reddish-orange granules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical N/C ratio of a promyelocyte?

    <p>3:1 to 2:1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the chromatin pattern of a metamyelocyte typically appear?

    <p>Coarse and dark purple</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement is true regarding the cytoplasm of neutrophils?

    <p>Has a few nonspecific granules and a full complement of pink to rose-violet granules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cell type is characterized by having a nucleus that is indented or kidney-shaped?

    <p>Metamyelocyte</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a prominent characteristic of monocytes?

    <p>They remain in tissues and develop into macrophages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a myelocyte, how is the cytoplasm described?

    <p>May have a few patches of blue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes mature neutrophils from other leukocyte types?

    <p>They typically display 2-5 lobes in their nucleus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is characteristic of the cytoplasm of a promyelocyte?

    <p>Pale blue to basophilic with large azurophilic granules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which leukocyte type has a nucleus that may show slight lobulation?

    <p>Monocyte</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The chromatin pattern in the nucleus of a myeloblast is typically described as what?

    <p>Extremely fine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relative size range for a metamyelocyte?

    <p>10-15 μm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What typically signifies the maturation phase of granulocyte series?

    <p>Morphological changes in nucleus and cytoplasm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Leukocytes Overview

    • Divided into granulocytic and agranulocytic series.
    • Essential for immune response and defense against pathogens.

    Granulocytic Series

    • Myeloblast

      • Size: 15-20 µm with a small blue cytoplasm.
      • Nucleus occupies 4/5 of the cell; N/C ratio - 4:1.
      • Contains 2-5 nucleoli with fine chromatin pattern.

    • Promyelocyte

      • Size: 15-21 µm, larger than myeloblast.
      • Cytoplasm is pale blue, basophilic with many azurophilic granules.
      • Nucleus occupies half or more of the cell; N/C ratio - 3:1 to 2:1.

    • Myelocyte

      • Size: 12-18 µm with moderate cytoplasm showing specific granules.
      • Nucleus may have single fold; N/C ratio - 3:1 to 2:1.

    • Metamyelocyte

      • Size: 10-15 µm; Cytoplasm moderate with specific granules.
      • Nucleus is indented or kidney-shaped with coarse chromatin.

    • Band (Stab) Cell

      • Size: 9-15 µm; elongated or band-shaped nucleus.
      • Deeply indented nucleus compared to metamyelocyte.

    • Neutrophils (Polymorphonuclear Cells)

      • Size: 9-15 µm; pink to rose-violet specific granules.
      • Nucleus typically has 2-5 lobes; contains lysozyme, lactoferrin, and more.

    • Eosinophils

      • Size: 9-15 µm; contains large reddish-orange granules.
      • Nucleus usually has two lobes; involved in combating parasitic infections.

    • Basophils

      • Size: 10-16 µm; cytoplasm is slightly pink with dark granules.
      • Granules include histamine and heparin; nucleus bilobed or segmented.

    Agranulocytic Series

    • Monoblast

      • Size: 12-20 µm; moderately basophilic and non-granular cytoplasm.
      • Nucleus is ovoid or round with a N/C ratio of 4:1.

    • Promonocyte

      • Size: 14-18 µm; blue-gray cytoplasm with azurophilic granules.
      • Nucleus round or oval; N/C ratio - 4:1.

    • Monocyte

      • Size: 15-20 µm; abundant blue-gray cytoplasm with pseudopods.
      • Horse-shoe shaped nucleus, no nucleoli visible.

    • Macrophages

      • Size: 40-50 µm; cytoplasm is pale and often vacuolated.
      • Nucleus is oval with prominent nucleolus; involved in phagocytosis.

    Lymphocytic Series

    • Lymphoblast

      • Size: 10-18 µm; smooth cytoplasm with no granules.
      • Nucleus round/oval with a N/C ratio of 4:1.

    • Prolymphocyte

      • Size may match precursor; blue cytoplasm with possibly azurophilic granules.
      • Nucleus round or slightly indented.

    • Small Lymphocyte

      • Thin rim of cytoplasm, dense round/oval nucleus with clumped chromatin.

    • Medium Lymphocyte

      • More abundant cytoplasm than small lymphocyte; round/oval nucleus.

    • Large Lymphocyte

      • Abundant pale blue cytoplasm; eccentrically located nucleus.

    B and T Lymphocytes

    • B Lymphocytes

      • Comprise 10-20% of lymphocytes.
      • Develop into plasma cells producing immunoglobulins; essential for humoral immunity.

    • T Lymphocytes

      • Make up 60-80% of lymphocytes; mature in the thymus.
      • Key role in cellular immunity and interacting with antigens.

    • Natural Killer (NK) Cells

      • Less than 10% of lymphocytes; target tumor and virus-infected cells.
      • Resemble large granular lymphocytes morphologically.

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    Description

    Explore the key features of leukocytes, focusing on the granulocytic and agranulocytic series. This quiz covers essential aspects of leukocyte structure, including nucleus shape and chromatin characteristics. Test your knowledge on these fundamental components of blood biology.

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