Bone Pathology and Developmental Disorders

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Questions and Answers

What is one possible cause of skull involvement that may lead to headaches?

Prolonged bed rest

Overuse of muscles

Environmental influences (correct)

Physical therapy interventions

Which group is commonly associated with osteogenic sarcoma?

Northern Europeans aged 40 and up (correct)

Individuals with chronic infections

People under 30 years of age

Individuals aged 18 and below

What is a common symptom of acute fatigue?

Increased muscle strength

Prolonged weight loss

Bacterial infections

Increased fatigue during activity (correct)

Chronic fatigue is often experienced by individuals who are what?

Bedridden and have lost muscle mass Signup and view all the answers

Which method is recommended for addressing bone weakness?

Implementing physical therapy for strength Signup and view all the answers

What condition is characterized by bone death due to an interruption of blood supply to the marrow?

Osteonecrosis Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a primary etiology of osteonecrosis?

Obesity Signup and view all the answers

What is a major symptom experienced by individuals with osteonecrosis?

Pain even at rest Signup and view all the answers

How might massage be considered for patients with osteonecrosis?

After medical interventions like surgery Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors increases the risk of infection when considering massage therapy for osteonecrosis?

Recent surgeries Signup and view all the answers

Why is it crucial to wait for clearance by doctors before treating osteonecrosis with massage?

To check for any infection risk Signup and view all the answers

What is the main treatment goal for patients suffering from osteonecrosis?

Pain management and improving mobility Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common misconception about osteonecrosis related to massage therapy?

Massage will cure osteonecrosis Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary symptom associated with femoral head avascular necrosis?

Limited internal rotation Signup and view all the answers

Which age group is primarily affected by Osgood-Schlatter disease?

Ages 3-12 Signup and view all the answers

Which treatment is commonly used for Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip?

Bracing or splinting Signup and view all the answers

What condition is characterized by an enlarged tibial tuberosity and pain during activity?

Osgood-Schlatter disease Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential consequence of untreated Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip?

Risk of avascular necrosis Signup and view all the answers

Which sign is indicative of Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip during examination?

Positive Ortolani sign Signup and view all the answers

Which demographic is more frequently affected by Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip?

Females due to hormonal factors Signup and view all the answers

What treatment intervention can significantly improve the prognosis of Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip?

Early intervention Signup and view all the answers

What is a common cause of increased risk of fractures in menopausal women?

Estrogen deficiency Signup and view all the answers

What deficiency is associated with osteomalacia?

Phosphate deficiency Signup and view all the answers

How can massage therapy assist individuals with osteomalacia?

By alleviating deep pain and muscle weakness Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is a recommended safety measure in massage therapy for clients at risk of fractures?

Taking safety measures to prevent falls Signup and view all the answers

What is a common symptom of osteomalacia?

Bone pain and tenderness Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is primarily responsible for bone density regulation in females?

Estrogen Signup and view all the answers

What effect does smoking have on bone health?

Decreases bone absorption Signup and view all the answers

Why might clients with osteomalacia require additional pillows or supports during massage therapy?

To ensure comfort and support Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is associated with the parathyroid dumping hormone into the system?

Hyperparathyroidism Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant characteristic of Ricket's disease?

Delayed ossification Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential consequence of osteomalacia?

Stunted growth Signup and view all the answers

What underlying pathology affects the absorption of nutrients in conditions like IBS or celiac disease?

Insufficient gallbladder function Signup and view all the answers

What condition occurs when the bone is excessively resorbed by osteoclasts?

Paget's Disease Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a complication associated with juvenile osteomalacia?

Increased bone density Signup and view all the answers

What is a common feature of cystic fibrosis that affects bone health?

Nutritional deficiencies Signup and view all the answers

What is a common symptom associated with Paget's Disease?

Bone pain Signup and view all the answers

What condition is primarily characterized by hyperkyphosis in adolescents?

Scheuermann Structural Disease Signup and view all the answers

What is the common age range for infants to exhibit genu varum?

0-18 months Signup and view all the answers

What is a major symptom associated with genu valgum?

Lax medial collateral ligaments Signup and view all the answers

Scoliosis can be caused by congenital issues. What is an example of a congenital cause?

Uneven limb length Signup and view all the answers

What massage consideration should be applied for scoliosis-related pain?

Massage the concave side for joint play Signup and view all the answers

What is a typical postural symptom associated with genu valgum?

Uneven shoulders Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a neuromuscular cause of scoliosis?

Muscular dystrophy Signup and view all the answers

The term 'gait awkwardness' is associated with which conditions?

Both genu varum and genu valgum Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Bone Pathology

Osteonecrosis: Interruption of blood supply to the bone marrow (ischemia). Causes include trauma/fractures, thrombosis/embolism, sickle cell disease, and corticosteroid administration.
Major Symptoms: Bone death, pain even at rest, mobility issues (limited range of motion).
Massage Considerations: Often treated by massage after medical interventions like surgery. Avoid treating until cleared by doctors. Address associated pathology if applicable and treat any surrounding structures.

Developmental Disorders (A)

Legge-Calvé-Perthes: Unknown cause potentially linked to trauma or malnutrition. Affects the femoral head and surrounding parts. May lead to pain in the thigh and knee. Massage can address compensatory symptoms like posture issues due to this condition.
Osgood-Schlatter: Overuse injury during development (ages 3-12) from strain of quadriceps (quad) muscle on patellar tendon. This is common in active adolescents. Symptoms include pain in front of the knee and swelling/thickening of the patellar tendon. Massage may help decrease quad tone and inflammation at the tibial tuberosity.

Developmental Disorders (B)

Scheuermann Disease: Lax ligaments; more common in females. Structural hyperkyphosis typically emerges in adolescents.
Genu Varum (Bowlegs): Bowed legs; common in infants (0-18 months) and in adults in some cases.
Genu Valgum (Knock Knees): Knock-kneed; common in infants.

Scoliosis**: Congenital or neuromuscular (e.g., cerebral palsy, muscular dystrophy) and other nerve or muscle disorders . Scoliosis is often seen in females, adolescents, and affects the thoracic region; but may be idiopathic (no known cause). Symptoms include pain from structure compressions, uneven shoulders, one hip higher than the other (rib humping). Massage can address secondary compressions and help with joint play above and below the affected structures.

Metabolic Diseases (Osteopenia & Osteoporosis)

Osteopenia: A decrease in bone mass that can be due to or in conjunction with other conditions like osteoporosis, anorexia, high acidity in the blood.
Osteoporosis: Imbalance between bone resorption and formation (more resorption than formation). Contributing factors include aging and mineral deficiency (vitamin D, calcium). Symptoms can include susceptibility to fractures or vertebral collapse. Weight bearing exercise and other interventions can help with bone density.

Metabolic Diseases (Osteomalacia & Rickets)

Osteomalacia: Insufficient calcium and or phosphate, lack of proper nutrient absorption from the digestive system or disorders of the liver, kidneys or gallbladder. This can lead to bone pain and muscle weakness.
Rickets: Deficiency in vitamin D or phosphate, lack of proper nutrient absorption, impacting bone development and growth. This is particularly in juveniles and can lead to abnormal growth and hypertrophy of the epiphyseal cartilage.
Massage Considerations: Address the underlying pathology and pain associated with the condition.

Other

Torticollis: Congenital development of only one sternocleidomastoid muscle (SCM). Can also be caused by labor/trauma/use of forceps during delivery, or ligament injury. Symptoms include neck muscle pain and difficulty turning the head. Massage should be performed only when inflammation or other injuries have gone.
Acute Fatigue: Increased physical activity or infection can lead to acute fatigue.
Chronic Fatigue: Exhaustion associated with multiple stressors. It can be coupled with anxiety and depression, and/or accompanied by other symptoms.

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Description

Explore the essentials of bone pathology including osteonecrosis and developmental disorders like Legge-Calvé-Perthes and Osgood-Schlatter. Learn about symptoms, treatment considerations, and how massage therapy may play a role in recovery. This quiz provides valuable insights for understanding these conditions and their management.