Blood Transfusions: Compatibility and Blood Types

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Which component of blood is responsible for maintaining blood osmotic pressure?

Albumins (correct)

Globulins

Neutrophils

Fibrinogen

Which type of white blood cell is primarily involved in immunity through antibodies production?

Neutrophils

Lymphocytes (correct)

Eosinophils

Monocytes

What is the main function of Fibrinogen in the blood?

Maintain blood osmotic pressure

Facilitate blood clotting (correct)

Produce antibodies

Carry oxygen

Which component of blood is mainly responsible for carrying out the process of phagocytosis?

Monocytes Signup and view all the answers

Which formed element of blood is crucial for blood clotting?

Platelets Signup and view all the answers

What is the average lifespan of erythrocytes (RBCs)?

120 days Signup and view all the answers

Where are old or damaged RBCs destroyed?

Spleen and Liver Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the iron from the breakdown of heme in RBCs?

Transported to red bone marrow to synthesize hemoglobin Signup and view all the answers

What stimulates the release of erythropoietin by the kidneys?

Hypoxia (cellular oxygen deficiency) Signup and view all the answers

During erythropoiesis, what happens when a proerythroblast becomes a reticulocyte?

It ejects its nucleus Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of transferrin in the process of RBC formation?

Transport iron from heme to red bone marrow Signup and view all the answers

Which blood type is considered a universal recipient?

Type AB Signup and view all the answers

Which blood type is considered a universal donor?

Type O Signup and view all the answers

What happens when incompatible blood is transfused into a recipient?

Agglutination and hemolysis Signup and view all the answers

How does the Rh factor influence blood transfusions?

Triggers an immune response Signup and view all the answers

When does hemolytic disease of the newborn occur?

When a pregnant Rh– woman carries an Rh+ fetus Signup and view all the answers

Why is cross-matching important in blood transfusions?

To prevent mismatches Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of B cells?

Produce antibodies effective on bacteria Signup and view all the answers

Which type of WBC can live for several months or years?

Lymphocytes Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of monocytes?

Migrate into tissues and differentiate into macrophages Signup and view all the answers

Why is differential white blood cell count important?

To determine the percentage of each type of WBC in the blood Signup and view all the answers

Which type of WBC is responsible for phagocytosis of microbes?

Monocytes Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of T cells?

Combat viruses, fungi, transplanted cells, cancer cells, and some bacteria Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of fibrinolysis in the body?

To dissolve small, inappropriate clots Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about anticoagulants?

They suppress or prevent clotting Signup and view all the answers

What can lead to thrombosis in blood vessels?

Atherosclerosis Signup and view all the answers

What happens when a thrombus becomes an embolus?

It dislodges and travels in the blood Signup and view all the answers

How do positive feedback cycles affect clotting in blood vessels?

Enlarging clots and potentially blocking undamaged vessels Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of heparin in the body's clotting mechanisms?

Blocking the action of clotting factors Signup and view all the answers