29 Questions
Which component of blood is responsible for maintaining blood osmotic pressure?
Albumins
Which type of white blood cell is primarily involved in immunity through antibodies production?
Lymphocytes
What is the main function of Fibrinogen in the blood?
Facilitate blood clotting
Which component of blood is mainly responsible for carrying out the process of phagocytosis?
Monocytes
Which formed element of blood is crucial for blood clotting?
Platelets
What is the average lifespan of erythrocytes (RBCs)?
120 days
Where are old or damaged RBCs destroyed?
Spleen and Liver
What happens to the iron from the breakdown of heme in RBCs?
Transported to red bone marrow to synthesize hemoglobin
What stimulates the release of erythropoietin by the kidneys?
Hypoxia (cellular oxygen deficiency)
During erythropoiesis, what happens when a proerythroblast becomes a reticulocyte?
It ejects its nucleus
What is the main function of transferrin in the process of RBC formation?
Transport iron from heme to red bone marrow
Which blood type is considered a universal recipient?
Type AB
Which blood type is considered a universal donor?
Type O
What happens when incompatible blood is transfused into a recipient?
Agglutination and hemolysis
How does the Rh factor influence blood transfusions?
Triggers an immune response
When does hemolytic disease of the newborn occur?
When a pregnant Rh– woman carries an Rh+ fetus
Why is cross-matching important in blood transfusions?
To prevent mismatches
What is the function of B cells?
Produce antibodies effective on bacteria
Which type of WBC can live for several months or years?
Lymphocytes
What is a characteristic of monocytes?
Migrate into tissues and differentiate into macrophages
Why is differential white blood cell count important?
To determine the percentage of each type of WBC in the blood
Which type of WBC is responsible for phagocytosis of microbes?
Monocytes
What is a characteristic of T cells?
Combat viruses, fungi, transplanted cells, cancer cells, and some bacteria
What is the role of fibrinolysis in the body?
To dissolve small, inappropriate clots
Which of the following is true about anticoagulants?
They suppress or prevent clotting
What can lead to thrombosis in blood vessels?
Atherosclerosis
What happens when a thrombus becomes an embolus?
It dislodges and travels in the blood
How do positive feedback cycles affect clotting in blood vessels?
Enlarging clots and potentially blocking undamaged vessels
What is the role of heparin in the body's clotting mechanisms?
Blocking the action of clotting factors
Learn about blood transfusions and how compatibility is determined based on the recipient's antibodies and donor blood's antigens. Understand the concept of universal recipients (Type AB) and universal donors (Type O) in blood transfusions.
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