History of Blood Transfusions and Discoveries

Who performed the first recorded successful blood transfusion?

Which physician discovered the first three human blood groups?

What significant procedure did Alexis Carrel develop?

What was a major advancement in blood transfusion made by Reuben Ottenberg?

What method did Braxton Hicks introduce to blood transfusion practices?

The first successful blood transfusion was recorded by ______.

Karl Landsteiner discovered the first three human blood groups: A, B, and ______.

Pope Innocent VII was treated with blood from ______ young men in hopes of curing his ailment.

Philip Syng Physick performed the first human blood transfusion in ______.

Alexis Carrel devised a method known as ______ to prevent clotting during blood transfusions.

Early Blood Transfusions and Discoveries

1492: An unsuccessful blood transfusion attempt was made on Pope Innocent VII. Blood from three young men was given to the Pope, resulting in the death of all four.
1628: William Harvey, an English physician, discovered blood circulation. Soon after, the first known blood transfusion attempt occurred.
1665: Richard Lower performed the first recorded successful blood transfusion in England. He kept dogs alive by transfusing blood between dogs.
1795: Philip Syng Physick, an American physician in Philadelphia, performed the first human blood transfusion, but did not publish the details.

Further Developments in Blood Transfusion and Blood Groups

1869: Braxton Hicks used sodium phosphate as an anticoagulant.
1900: Karl Landsteiner, an Austrian physician, discovered the first three human blood groups (A, B, and C). Blood type C was later reclassified as O. He received the Nobel Prize in Medicine for this discovery in 1930.
Circa 1900s: Reuben Ottenberg performed the first blood transfusion using blood typing and crossmatching in New York. He observed Mendelian inheritance of blood groups and recognized group O donors as universal.
1908: Alexis Carrel developed a method to prevent clotting in blood transfusions by directly connecting the recipient's vein to the donor's artery (anastomosis).

Additional Notes (Genetic Markers)

The provided text lists genetic markers for blood group genes (e.g., P003, P1, RH004, RH, etc). These markers indicate the chromosomal location of various blood group genes, but the specific details beyond the chromosomal location are not provided.

Explore the fascinating timeline of blood transfusions, including early attempts, significant discoveries, and groundbreaking advancements in medical science. Learn about key figures like William Harvey and Karl Landsteiner and their contributions to understanding blood circulation and types.