15 Questions
Which antigen is present on RBCs in blood type AB?
Both antigen A and B
Which blood type has neither antigen A nor antigen B on RBCs?
Type O
Which antibodies are present in the plasma of type A blood?
Anti-B antibodies
Which antibodies are present in the plasma of type B blood?
Anti-A antibodies
Why is it important to know the blood type of an individual receiving a blood transfusion?
To prevent agglutination
What happens when type A donor blood is mixed with type B recipient blood?
Agglutination occurs
What happens when type A donor blood is mixed with type A recipient blood?
No reaction occurs
Which of the following scenarios can lead to the development of anti-Rh antibodies in a person's blood?
Being exposed to Rh-positive RBCs during pregnancy
What is the term used to describe the condition where the mother's immune system attacks a Rh-positive fetus?
Rh incompatibility
Which of the following is true about Rh-positive individuals?
They have Rh antigens on their RBCs
What happens if a previously Rh-negative person receives a blood transfusion with Rh-positive RBCs?
Their body starts to develop anti-Rh antibodies
When does the development of anti-Rh antibodies during pregnancy have an impact on the fetus?
During the second pregnancy
How can a person become sensitized to Rh antigens?
By receiving a blood transfusion with Rh-positive RBCs
What is the term used to describe the condition where the baby inherits an Rh-positive trait from the father while growing in the womb of an Rh-negative mother?
Rh incompatibility
What is the term used to describe the condition where the mother's immune system forms anti-Rh antibodies in response to Rh-positive RBCs entering her bloodstream?
Rh sensitization
Study Notes
Blood Types and Antigens
- In blood type AB, both antigen A and antigen B are present on RBCs.
- Type O blood has neither antigen A nor antigen B on RBCs.
Antibodies in Plasma
- In type A blood, antibodies against antigen B are present in the plasma.
- In type B blood, antibodies against antigen A are present in the plasma.
Blood Transfusions
- It is crucial to know the blood type of an individual receiving a blood transfusion to avoid an adverse reaction.
- When type A donor blood is mixed with type B recipient blood, an adverse reaction occurs due to the presence of antibodies against antigen A in the recipient's plasma.
- When type A donor blood is mixed with type A recipient blood, no adverse reaction occurs.
Rh Blood Type and Pregnancy
- A person can become sensitized to Rh antigens through a blood transfusion or pregnancy.
- A previously Rh-negative person will develop anti-Rh antibodies if they receive a blood transfusion with Rh-positive RBCs.
- In an Rh-negative mother, the development of anti-Rh antibodies during pregnancy can harm the fetus.
- Anti-Rh antibodies can be triggered when an Rh-negative mother is pregnant with an Rh-positive fetus, a condition known as hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN).
Rh Blood Type and Sensitization
- Erythroblastosis fetalis is the condition where the mother's immune system attacks a Rh-positive fetus.
- Rh-positive individuals have the Rh antigen on their RBCs, which can trigger an immune response in Rh-negative individuals.
- If an Rh-negative person receives a blood transfusion with Rh-positive RBCs, they can become sensitized to Rh antigens.
Test your knowledge of blood types and antigens with this quiz! Learn about the three most important antigens and how they affect blood compatibility. Find out if you're a blood type expert!
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