Biology Chapter on Organic Compounds

Questions and Answers

What does it mean for a compound to be organic?

Contains carbon

Water is __________ because the electrons are not evenly shared.

polar

Name two properties of water:

Adhesion and Cohesion

What is a monomer?

A molecule of any compound that can react with other molecules of the same or different compound to form a polymer Signup and view all the answers

What is a polymer?

A molecule consisting of many similar or identical monomers linked together Signup and view all the answers

What is the ratio of the elements C:H:O in a carbohydrate?

1:2:1 Signup and view all the answers

Carbohydrates are the main __________ source for a cell.

energy Signup and view all the answers

What are the two monomers of lipids?

3 fatty acids and Glycerol Signup and view all the answers

Lipids make up a majority of the cell __________.

membrane Signup and view all the answers

Nucleic acid has what elements?

C, H, N, O, P Signup and view all the answers

Nucleic acid stores our __________.

genetic material Signup and view all the answers

What are the compounds that enter into a chemical reaction?

Reactants Signup and view all the answers

Enzymes work as biological __________ that speed up the chemical reactions.

catalysts Signup and view all the answers

How do enzymes speed up the chemical reactions?

By lowering the activation energy Signup and view all the answers

What environmental conditions affect enzyme activity?

Temperature and pH Signup and view all the answers

Water is a __________ molecule, which lends it to many important properties.

polar Signup and view all the answers

Match the following types of compounds with their classifications:

H2O and CO2 = Inorganic C6H12O6 = Organic Signup and view all the answers

What is a carbohydrate?

A macromolecule containing the elements C, H, and O which is a polymer of hexagonal rings Signup and view all the answers

Biological catalysts speed up reactions by...

Lowering the activation energy Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Organic Compounds

Organic compounds contain carbon, defining their chemical nature.

Water Properties

Water is polar, due to uneven distribution of electrons.
Properties of water include:
- Adhesion: water molecules stick to other substances.
- Cohesion: water molecules stick to each other.

Molecular Structures

A monomer is a molecule that can bond with other molecules to form a polymer.
A polymer is made up of many similar or identical monomers linked together.

Carbohydrates

Carbohydrates have a carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen ratio of 1:2:1.
They serve as the main energy source for cells.

Lipids

Lipids consist of two monomers: 3 fatty acids and glycerol.
They primarily make up the cell membrane.

Nucleic Acids

Nucleic acids contain the elements carbon (C), hydrogen (H), nitrogen (N), oxygen (O), and phosphorus (P).
They store genetic material within a cell.

Chemical Reactions

Reactants are the compounds that enter into a chemical reaction.
Enzymes act as biological catalysts that accelerate chemical reactions.

Enzyme Activity

Enzymes increase the rate of chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy.
Environmental factors affecting enzyme activity include temperature and pH.

Additional Compound Classification

Compounds like H₂O and CO₂ are classified as inorganic, while C₆H₁₂O₆ is classified as organic.

Carbohydrate Definition

Carbohydrates are macromolecules made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, characterized by a polymer structure of hexagonal rings with a 1:2:1 elemental ratio.

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Description

Test your knowledge of organic compounds, their structures, and properties in this biology quiz. Explore topics including carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleic acids to solidify your understanding of how these compounds function in living organisms.