Chemical Basis of Life and Compounds

False (B)

Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen

<p>17% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>purplish blue</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Starch test = Purplish blue color Monosaccharides test = Color change from blue to various colors Disaccharides test (before acid) = No color change Disaccharides test (after acid) = Color change from blue to various colors</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Meat</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hormone production (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>amino acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Energy source = Use when energy from lipids and carbohydrates is low Structural components = Make up cell membranes and connective tissues Enzymes = Catalyze biochemical reactions Hormones = Involved in homeostasis and coordination</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They must be obtained from food. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Brick red</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Carbon, Hydrogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Deoxy ribonucleotide (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Transfers genetic characteristics from generation to generation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>DNA, RNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>DNA = Stores genetic information RNA = Protein synthesis mRNA = Carries genetic information from DNA tRNA = Transports amino acids to ribosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fuel cellular respiration (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Turns from blue to pink</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Calcium (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It helps to regulate body temperature by preventing rapid fluctuations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>higher</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Calcium = Bone structure Iron = Oxygen transport Potassium = Nerve function Magnesium = Photosynthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Weakening of muscles (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Calcium</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>haemoglobin</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Potassium = Psychological disorders Calcium = Rickets Iron = Anaemia Iodine = Affects development of intelligence</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Phosphorous (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nerve irritability</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Vitamin K (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Scurvy</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Vitamin A = Deficiency leads to vision problems Vitamin D = Regulates calcium and phosphorous absorption Vitamin B = Complex of vitamins that aids in metabolism Vitamin K = Essential for blood clotting</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Weaknesses in cell division (C), Premature births (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Vitamin E</p> Signup and view all the answers

A type of carbohydrate stored in plants.

A type of carbohydrate stored in animal tissues like the liver and muscles.

Carbohydrates provide energy for organisms.

Using iodine solution to detect starch; turns purplish-blue with starch.

Using Benedict's solution to detect monosaccharides; color change depends on heat and concentration.

Disaccharides do not react with Benedict's reagent, but react with acid-catalyzed hydrolysis (making the sugar a reducing sugar).

Proteins contain carbon (C), hydrogen (H), oxygen (O), and nitrogen (N).

Proteins are essential components of living cells.

Proteins make up 17% of the human body and are complex molecules formed from amino acids.

Basic building blocks of proteins, linked together in specific sequences.

Amino acids the body cannot produce and must obtain from food.

Proteins are used for energy production when carbohydrate and fat sources are insufficient.

Proteins that form parts of cells, tissues, and organs.

Proteins that speed up chemical reactions in the body.

Proteins that regulate bodily functions.

Proteins that defend the body against infection.

The basic building block of nucleic acids, composed of a phosphate group, a nitrogenous base, and a pentose sugar.

Two main types: DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) and RNA (Ribonucleic Acid).

A nucleic acid that stores genetic information and transmits it from generation to generation.

A nucleic acid involved in protein synthesis and some viral genetic material.

DNA is a Deoxyribonucleic acid, structural unit is Deoxyribonucleotide

RNA is a Ribonucleic acid, structural unit is Ribonucleotide and involved in protein synthesis.

Storing genetic information, transferring genetic traits, protein synthesis and controlling cellular activities.

Food contains water, which can be identified by observing a color change with cobalt chloride.

Water is important for respiration in aquatic organisms because oxygen is soluble in it.

Water's high specific heat capacity helps organisms maintain a stable body temperature, preventing rapid fluctuations.

Water transports nutrients, vitamins, hormones, and other substances within the body.

Water's cohesive and adhesive properties allow it to move upwards in plants, transporting nutrients and minerals.

Water's density is higher than ice, which allows aquatic organisms to survive in colder environments.

Potassium helps maintain the balance of fluids within cells, supports the function of the heart and muscles, and transmits nerve impulses.

A lack of potassium can lead to muscle weakness, psychological issues, and problems with nerve signal transmission.

Sodium helps regulate fluid balance in cells, maintain stable osmotic pressure, and is involved in nerve impulse transmission.

A deficiency in sodium can cause respiratory problems, cramps, nausea, and diarrhea.

Magnesium is used in building bones and teeth, regulating nerve activity in muscles, and facilitating various metabolic processes.

A lack of magnesium can result in a fast heartbeat, nerve irritability, and difficulties in metabolic functions.

Calcium is essential for building bones and teeth, blood clotting mechanisms, proper nerve function, and milk production.

A deficiency in calcium can lead to rickets (bone deformities), weakened bones and teeth, and growth disturbances.

A disease caused by a deficiency of vitamin C, which is important for collagen production and immune function. It can lead to fatigue, weakness, bleeding gums, and slow wound healing.

This vitamin helps regulate the absorption of calcium and phosphorus, which are essential for strong bones and teeth. It can be produced by the body when exposed to sunlight.

Vitamin E is an antioxidant that protects cells from damage, promotes tissue growth, and supports healthy cell division and reproduction.

This vitamin plays a crucial role in blood clotting. It helps produce components that allow the body to stop bleeding effectively.

A deficiency in any of the B vitamins can lead to a range of problems, including fatigue, anemia, skin issues, nerve damage, and digestive problems.

A lack of vitamin A can lead to problems with vision, growth, and immunity. It can even cause night blindness and skin infections.

This deficiency can weaken bones (osteoporosis) and increase the risk of fractures. It also impacts the immune system.

Water is vital for life. It acts as a solvent, transports nutrients, regulates body temperature, and helps maintain cell structure.