25 Questions
Which type of receptors monitor blood pressure and are located in the walls of the internal carotid artery?
Baroreceptors
What is the main function of vasomotion in blood pressure regulation?
To redirect blood to modify perfusion and increase blood pressure in certain situations
Which type of blood vessels carry blood away from the heart?
Arteries
What is the primary function of the respiratory pump in the circulatory system?
To push blood upwards through the veins
Which of the following hormones reduces blood pressure by increasing sodium excretion?
Natriuretic peptides
Which nerve transmits information from the carotid bodies to the brainstem respiratory center?
Glossopharyngeal nerve (CNIX)
What is the function of the tunica interna in blood vessels?
To secrete chemicals to dilate or constrict the vessels
What is the term for the difference between systolic and diastolic pressure?
Pulse pressure
What is the main function of the arterioles in the circulatory system?
To generate the most systemic vascular resistance
What is the term for the condition where blood pools in the veins of the lower legs, causing the vein to stretch and the valves to become incompetent?
Varicose veins
What is the term for the network of small blood vessels that supply nutrients to the walls of the large blood vessels?
Varo vasorum
Which of the following can cause hypotension?
Dehydration
What percentage of the body's blood is typically found in the veins at rest?
64%
What type of arteries have sensory structures in their walls that monitor blood pressure and composition?
Some major arteries above the heart
What is the term for the force of blood against a vessel wall?
Blood pressure
What is the main chemical stimulus that triggers vasodilation or vasoconstriction in cerebral arteries?
pH levels
What is the result of ischemia in a part of the body?
Restricted blood flow and oxygen levels
What is the term for the type of shock that occurs when the body's compensatory mechanisms fail and positive feedback loops occur?
Decompensated shock
What is the term for the sudden death of brain tissue caused by ischemia?
Stroke
What is the response of the body when a person faints and falls into a horizontal position?
Compensate shock
What is the average pressure in the central venous pressure where the vena cava enters the heart?
4.6 mmHg
What is the main reason for blood flow from the head and neck towards the heart?
Gravity
What is the term for a state where cardiac output is not enough to meet the body's needs?
Circulatory shock
What is the most common cause of low venous return?
Hypovolemic shock
What is the term for the loss of vasomotor tone?
Neurogenic shock
Test your knowledge on the structure and function of blood vessels, including arteries, veins, and capillaries, as well as their three layers: tunica interna, tunica media, and tunica externa. Understand how they work together to complete the circulatory circuit.
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