3.2 Anatomy - The Circulatory System Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

Which blood vessels carry impure blood?

Arteries

Capillaries

Veins (correct)

Aortas

The upper chambers of the heart include the:

left and right atriums

Which arteries supply blood to the face, head, and neck?

common carotid arteries

What is the function of white blood cells?

fight bacteria Signup and view all the answers

The lower chambers of the heart include the:

left and right ventricle Signup and view all the answers

Which artery supplies blood to the crown and sides of the head?

parietal Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly describes veins?

carry blood from the capillaries to the heart Signup and view all the answers

Cells that fight bacteria and other foreign substances are called leukocytes or:

white blood cells Signup and view all the answers

Reaching the parts of the body NOT reached by blood is the main function of:

lymph Signup and view all the answers

What is another name for red blood cells?

erythrocytes Signup and view all the answers

Which artery supplies blood to parts of the forehead and eyes?

internal carotid artery Signup and view all the answers

The body system responsible for circulation of lymph through lymph glands, nodes, and vessels is called the:

lymph-vascular system Signup and view all the answers

What is the artery called that supplies blood to the knee joint and muscles in the thigh and calf?

popliteal Signup and view all the answers

What is the sticky, salty fluid that circulates through the body bringing nourishment and oxygen to all parts of the body?

blood Signup and view all the answers

Which one of the following components is responsible for the clotting of blood?

thrombocytes Signup and view all the answers

When a cosmetologist performs a massage treatment, what system is directly influenced or stimulated?

circulatory Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following are small vessels that take nutrients and oxygen from the arteries to the cells?

capillaries Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true about arteries?

have thicker walls than veins Signup and view all the answers

The average resting heart rate is how many BPMs?

60-100 Signup and view all the answers

The occipital artery supplies blood to the:

back of the head Signup and view all the answers

The body system responsible for circulation of blood, including the heart, arteries, veins, and capillaries is called the:

cardiovascular system Signup and view all the answers

On average, an adult has how much blood flowing through the circulatory system?

8-10 pints Signup and view all the answers

Thick-walled vessels that carry pure blood from the heart through the body are:

arteries Signup and view all the answers

The fluid part of the blood is called:

plasma Signup and view all the answers

The heart muscle is entirely encased in a membrane called the:

pericardium Signup and view all the answers

Which nerve extends down the little finger side of the arm into the palm of the hand?

ulnar Signup and view all the answers

The system that breaks food down to either be easily absorbed by cells or to become waste products is the:

digestive system Signup and view all the answers

The trifacial nerve is also known as the:

fifth cranial nerve Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is one of the primary functions of the respiratory system?

intake of oxygen Signup and view all the answers

The integumentary system consists of the:

skin and its layers Signup and view all the answers

Which system is composed of glands that manufacture chemical substances called hormones?

endocrine Signup and view all the answers

The primary function of the excretory system is to:

eliminate solid, liquid, and gaseous waste products from the body Signup and view all the answers

What system is composed of sensory and motor nerves that extend from the spinal cord and brain to other parts of the body?

peripheral nervous system Signup and view all the answers

The primary motor nerve of the face is the:

trifacial nerve Signup and view all the answers

All of the following organs belong to the excretory system EXCEPT the:

Lungs Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following terms is the main nerve branch to the top 1/3 of the face?

maxillary Signup and view all the answers

The digestive, respiratory, and circulatory systems are controlled by the:

autonomic nervous system Signup and view all the answers

Breathing through the nose is healthier than breathing through the mouth because the nose:

contains mucus membranes that filter out dust Signup and view all the answers

The gastrointestinal system includes all of the following EXCEPT:

Lymph nodes Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the system that regulates the growth, reproduction, and health of the body?

endocrine Signup and view all the answers

The cranial nerve responsible for transmitting facial sensations to the brain is the:

trifacial Signup and view all the answers

The two primary glands of the integumentary system are the:

sebaceous and sudoriferous glands Signup and view all the answers

Which nerves carry messages from the brain to the muscles?

efferent Signup and view all the answers

What branch of the facial nerve extends to the upper muscles of the cheek?

zygomatic Signup and view all the answers

Which nerve extends down the thumb side of the arm into the back of the hand?

radial Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Blood Vessels and Blood Types

Veins carry impure blood back to the heart.
Arteries transport pure blood away from the heart.
Common carotid arteries supply blood to the face, head, and neck.
Capillaries are small vessels that deliver nutrients and oxygen from arteries to cells.

Heart Structure

The heart consists of upper chambers called left and right atriums.
The lower chambers are referred to as left and right ventricles.
The average resting heart rate ranges from 60 to 100 beats per minute.

Blood Components

Red blood cells are also known as erythrocytes.
White blood cells, or leukocytes, are responsible for fighting bacteria.
Thrombocytes are crucial for blood clotting.
Plasma is the liquid portion of blood, facilitating transportation of nutrients and waste.

Lymphatic and Cardiovascular Systems

The lymph-vascular system circulates lymph through vessels and nodes, aiding in immune function.
The cardiovascular system encompasses the heart, arteries, veins, and capillaries for blood circulation.
The body contains approximately 8 to 10 pints of blood.

Arteries and Their Functions

The internal carotid artery supplies blood to parts of the forehead and eyes.
The parietal artery provides blood to the crown and sides of the head.
The occipital artery supplies blood to the back of the head.
The popliteal artery supplies blood to the knee joint and muscles in the thigh and calf.

Nervous System and Other Systems

The peripheral nervous system connects sensory and motor nerves to the body.
The trigeminal nerve is also known as the fifth cranial nerve or trifacial nerve, responsible for facial sensations.
The autonomic nervous system regulates the digestive, respiratory, and circulatory systems.
The endocrine system consists of glands that produce hormones that regulate body functions.

Additional Body Systems

The integumentary system comprises skin and its layers, and includes sebaceous and sudoriferous glands.
The excretory system eliminates solid, liquid, and gaseous waste products.
The respiratory system's primary function is the intake of oxygen.

Health and Physiology Facts

Breathing through the nose is preferred over the mouth as it filters dust through mucus membranes.
Lymph nodes do not belong to the gastrointestinal system.
Efferent nerves transmit messages from the brain to muscles.
The zygomatic nerve branch of the facial nerve extends to the upper muscles of the cheek.
The ulnar nerve extends down the little finger side of the arm, while the radial nerve extends down the thumb side into the back of the hand.

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Test your knowledge of the circulatory system with these flashcards. This quiz covers key concepts such as blood vessels, heart chambers, and the functions of different blood cells. Perfect for reinforcing your understanding of anatomy!