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Biological Molecules and Cell Types Quiz

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Biological Molecules and Cell Types Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Explain the role of saliva in the digestive process and name an enzyme present in saliva that aids in digestion.

Saliva moistens food and contains an enzyme called amylase, which helps break down carbohydrates into simpler sugars.

Describe the function of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in the body and where it is primarily produced.

ATP serves as the primary source of energy for cellular activities and is primarily produced in the mitochondria through cellular respiration.

Differentiate between mitosis and meiosis, and specify the type of cells each process is involved in.

Mitosis is the process of cell division for somatic (body) cells, resulting in two identical daughter cells. Meiosis is the process of cell division for sex cells, leading to the formation of four non-identical daughter cells.

Explain the significance of hormones like estrogen and progesterone during ovulation and their role in the female reproductive system.

Estrogen and progesterone play essential roles in regulating the menstrual cycle, preparing the uterus for potential pregnancy, and triggering ovulation, where a mature egg is released from the ovary. Signup and view all the answers

Define metabolism and differentiate between catabolism and anabolism, providing an example of each.

Metabolism refers to all chemical reactions within the body. Catabolism involves the breakdown of complex molecules into simpler ones, such as the digestion of food. Anabolism, on the other hand, is the synthesis of complex molecules from simpler ones, like the building of proteins from amino acids. Signup and view all the answers