Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the function of the Sweep feature in IFC?
What is the function of the Sweep feature in IFC?
What purpose does the Burst feature serve in TENS and HVPC?
What purpose does the Burst feature serve in TENS and HVPC?
Which statement is true about the Duty Cycle in electrical stimulation?
Which statement is true about the Duty Cycle in electrical stimulation?
Which of the following is a feature of NMES?
Which of the following is a feature of NMES?
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What is the purpose of using longer off times in electrical stimulation?
What is the purpose of using longer off times in electrical stimulation?
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What is the primary purpose of biofeedback in muscle rehabilitation?
What is the primary purpose of biofeedback in muscle rehabilitation?
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Which amplitude range is associated with a sensory response during biofeedback?
Which amplitude range is associated with a sensory response during biofeedback?
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What does pulse duration refer to in muscle re-education techniques?
What does pulse duration refer to in muscle re-education techniques?
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What is the treatment time for the brief intense TENS technique?
What is the treatment time for the brief intense TENS technique?
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What is the effect of the modulation in biofeedback settings?
What is the effect of the modulation in biofeedback settings?
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Which of the following is not a typical frequency for motor twitch during biofeedback?
Which of the following is not a typical frequency for motor twitch during biofeedback?
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What is one of the disadvantages of using polarity in therapeutic applications?
What is one of the disadvantages of using polarity in therapeutic applications?
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In the context of TENS therapy, what does 'gate control theory' propose?
In the context of TENS therapy, what does 'gate control theory' propose?
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Study Notes
Biofeedback for Muscle Re-education
- Biofeedback is a non-electrical alternative to E-stim, useful when E-stim is contraindicated or poorly tolerated.
- It's indicated for muscle relaxation or re-education/strengthening.
Parameters for Biofeedback
- Amplitude/Intensity/Voltage: This controls the strength of the stimulus, increasing it until the desired sensory or motor response (e.g., contraction) is achieved.
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Frequency: Determines the number of pulses per second and affects the type of muscle response.
- Low frequencies (1-10 pps) produce muscle twitches.
- Medium frequencies (35-50 pps) result in sustained contractions (tetanus).
- High frequencies (75-150 pps) elicit sensory responses.
- High-volt surge is used to achieve motor contractions.
- Pulse Duration: The time it takes to deliver a pulse (measured in microseconds). A shorter duration isn't ideal for motor contraction.
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Treatment Time: Varies based on the condition and desired outcome.
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TENS (Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation):
- Acute pain relief (fast onset, short duration) – 5-10 min on, 1 hour off.
- Chronic pain relief (slow onset, longer duration) – 1 hour on, 1 hr off.
- Brief Intense TENS—rapid pain reduction via nerve conduction blockade (15 minutes).
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TENS (Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation):
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Polarity: Electron flow direction (monophasic) creates positive and negative electrodes.
- Therapeutic applications vary in effectiveness:
- Iontophoresis, denervated muscle (DC) have greatest effect.
- Acute edema (HVPC) has medium effect.
- NMES shows minimal polarity effect.
- Therapeutic applications vary in effectiveness:
Modulation Techniques
- Modulation alters current parameters (amplitude, duration, or frequency).
- Sweep: Changes frequency to prevent accommodation (e.g., 1-10 pps instead of a fixed frequency).
- Scan: Changes amplitude to affect a larger stimulation area.
- Modulated: Used in TENS to prevent accommodation.
- Burst: Delivers pulses in rapid succession for muscle contraction or pain relief.
- Ramp: Gradually increases current for increased patient comfort during muscle strengthening.
- Duty Cycle (On/Off time): Controls stimulation duration and recovery time. Longer off-times are used for neuromuscular conditions or high-intensity contractions; shorter for muscle fatigue/spasm.
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Description
This quiz explores the use of biofeedback as a non-electrical alternative for muscle re-education and relaxation. It covers essential parameters like amplitude, frequency, pulse duration, and treatment time. Ideal for physical therapy and rehabilitation professionals.
