25 Questions
What term is used to describe traits that result from both gene action and environmental influences?
Multifactorial traits
In the Nilsson-Ehle experiment, what was the observed grain color in the F1 generation when red grain wheat was crossed with white grain wheat?
Pink
Why did the observations in the F2 generation of the Nilsson-Ehle experiment not follow the typical monohybrid cross segregation ratio (1:2:1)?
Polygenic inheritance
Which environmental factors can affect plant height, as mentioned in the text?
Sunlight, humidity, and nutrients
What term describes the concept that alleles at multiple loci contribute to the range of phenotypes seen in quantitative traits?
Polygenic inheritance
How would you characterize the role of genes in determining multifactorial traits?
Contribute along with environmental influences
What type of inheritance is responsible for the continuous variation in quantitative traits?
Polygenic and multiallelic inheritance
Which of the following is NOT a factor contributing to the phenotypic variation in quantitative traits?
Maternal effects
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of quantitative traits?
They show distinct and clear-cut phenotypes.
Which of the following statements is true regarding polygenic inheritance?
It involves the input of more than one gene.
What is the term for the phenomenon where multiple phenotypes can be measured and described in quantitative terms?
Quantitative inheritance
Which of the following is NOT a factor contributing to the variation in quantitative traits?
Simple Mendelian inheritance
What is the primary condition for a set of measurements to form a normal distribution?
The measurements must be taken from a sufficiently large and representative sample
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a normal distribution?
Asymmetric
What does the estimation of variance help determine in the study of quantitative traits?
The degree of role of genotype in determining phenotype when the environment also influences the phenotype
How does the mean provide information about a set of measurements for a quantitative trait?
By indicating the central point along a range of measurements
Why is the mean a useful descriptive summary of a sample?
It provides a useful descriptive summary of the sample, but it tells us nothing about the range or spread of the data
What is the unit of measurement for variance?
A squared value of the unit of the measurements
What does the category number 0-4 represent in Nilsson-Ehle's study?
The number of alleles designated by an uppercase letter
What does the 1:4:6:4:1 phenotypic ratio of grain color indicate?
The segregation of alleles according to Mendelian rules
What is the purpose of studying polygenic traits?
To analyze the statistical distribution of a trait in a population
What is the significance of additive alleles in Nilsson-Ehle's study?
They influence the phenotype in a quantitative manner
What does the term 'additive' mean in the context of genetics?
The alleles have a cumulative effect on the phenotype
How does the accuracy of the final results of the measurements depend on the sample selection in a study of polygenic traits?
The accuracy of the final results depends on whether the sample is random and representative of the population
What is the primary purpose of using standard deviation in a normal distribution?
To measure the dispersion of a set of data from its mean
Explore the concept of quantitative or continuous traits in genetics, which do not have distinct phenotypes and instead show continuous variation across a range of measurements. Examples include height in humans, milk production in cattle, and blood glucose concentration. Learn about measuring and describing these traits in detail.
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