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Questions and Answers
What type of government was established under the interim Batasang Pambansa?
What type of government was established under the interim Batasang Pambansa?
Who served as the President of the Republic from 1986 to 1992?
Who served as the President of the Republic from 1986 to 1992?
How long was the term for the Prime Minister under the new constitution?
How long was the term for the Prime Minister under the new constitution?
Which body was responsible for drafting the new constitution in 1986?
Which body was responsible for drafting the new constitution in 1986?
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What is one of the three independent constitutional commissions established by the 1987 Constitution?
What is one of the three independent constitutional commissions established by the 1987 Constitution?
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What legislative structure returned with the 1987 Constitution?
What legislative structure returned with the 1987 Constitution?
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What is the primary function of the Commission on Elections (COMELEC)?
What is the primary function of the Commission on Elections (COMELEC)?
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Which prominent figure presided over the committee that drafted the 1987 Constitution?
Which prominent figure presided over the committee that drafted the 1987 Constitution?
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What was the main purpose of the Biak-Na-Bato Constitution?
What was the main purpose of the Biak-Na-Bato Constitution?
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Who were the main negotiators of the Biak-Na-Bato Constitution?
Who were the main negotiators of the Biak-Na-Bato Constitution?
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Which branch of government was notably empowered in the Malolos Constitution?
Which branch of government was notably empowered in the Malolos Constitution?
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What was a key reason for the Malolos Constitution not being implemented?
What was a key reason for the Malolos Constitution not being implemented?
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What significant event interrupted the plans laid by the Commonwealth Constitution?
What significant event interrupted the plans laid by the Commonwealth Constitution?
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Which document laid the foundation for the Commonwealth Constitution?
Which document laid the foundation for the Commonwealth Constitution?
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What major document influenced the creation of the Malolos Constitution?
What major document influenced the creation of the Malolos Constitution?
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How long did the 3rd Republic of the Philippines last?
How long did the 3rd Republic of the Philippines last?
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What type of legislative system was established by the Malolos Constitution?
What type of legislative system was established by the Malolos Constitution?
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Who was the President during the time of the Malolos Constitution?
Who was the President during the time of the Malolos Constitution?
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What was a major aim of the 1973 Authoritarian Constitution?
What was a major aim of the 1973 Authoritarian Constitution?
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What type of legislature was established by the Philippine Organic Act of 1902?
What type of legislature was established by the Philippine Organic Act of 1902?
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What year was the Commonwealth Constitution officially drafted?
What year was the Commonwealth Constitution officially drafted?
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Which president was the first president of the 3rd Republic of the Philippines?
Which president was the first president of the 3rd Republic of the Philippines?
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How many sections are in the 1973 Authoritarian Constitution?
How many sections are in the 1973 Authoritarian Constitution?
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What significant action did Ferdinand Marcos Sr. take on September 23, 1972?
What significant action did Ferdinand Marcos Sr. take on September 23, 1972?
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What was the primary goal of the MAGKASAKA program?
What was the primary goal of the MAGKASAKA program?
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Which act extended the deadline for distributing agricultural lands to farmers?
Which act extended the deadline for distributing agricultural lands to farmers?
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Who was the first commissioner of the Bureau of Internal Revenue under American colonization?
Who was the first commissioner of the Bureau of Internal Revenue under American colonization?
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What significant system was introduced during the Marcos regime in 1970?
What significant system was introduced during the Marcos regime in 1970?
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What kind of taxes were imposed during the Japanese Occupation?
What kind of taxes were imposed during the Japanese Occupation?
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Which of the following was not a division created in the Bureau of Internal Revenue under Commissioner Holting?
Which of the following was not a division created in the Bureau of Internal Revenue under Commissioner Holting?
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What was the main aim of Operation Walang Lagay established during the Aquino administration?
What was the main aim of Operation Walang Lagay established during the Aquino administration?
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What tax was imposed in 1988 to enhance compliance?
What tax was imposed in 1988 to enhance compliance?
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What were the primary goals of the peasant uprisings like the Colorum and Sakdalista movements?
What were the primary goals of the peasant uprisings like the Colorum and Sakdalista movements?
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What was the main purpose of the National Rice and Corn Corporation (NARIC)?
What was the main purpose of the National Rice and Corn Corporation (NARIC)?
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What significant event highlighted the need for land reforms during the Commonwealth period?
What significant event highlighted the need for land reforms during the Commonwealth period?
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How did the Hukbalahap movement contribute to agrarian issues during Japanese occupation?
How did the Hukbalahap movement contribute to agrarian issues during Japanese occupation?
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What characterized the New Republic era in the Philippines?
What characterized the New Republic era in the Philippines?
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What underlying issue drove the formation of militant agrarian movements in the 1920s-1930s?
What underlying issue drove the formation of militant agrarian movements in the 1920s-1930s?
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During the Commonwealth period, what was a major outcome of the widespread discontent among peasants?
During the Commonwealth period, what was a major outcome of the widespread discontent among peasants?
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What was one of the key focuses during the Third Philippine Republic?
What was one of the key focuses during the Third Philippine Republic?
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What was the primary aim of the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Law (CARL)?
What was the primary aim of the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Law (CARL)?
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What system replaced the encomienda system in agricultural organization?
What system replaced the encomienda system in agricultural organization?
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Who enacted the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Law (CARL)?
Who enacted the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Law (CARL)?
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What was a significant feature of the Philippine Bill of 1902?
What was a significant feature of the Philippine Bill of 1902?
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What was one of the major consequences of the hacienda system?
What was one of the major consequences of the hacienda system?
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What did the Public Land Act of 1903 introduce?
What did the Public Land Act of 1903 introduce?
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During what period did the encomienda system exist?
During what period did the encomienda system exist?
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What was the maximum size of land that private individuals could own according to the Philippine Bill of 1902?
What was the maximum size of land that private individuals could own according to the Philippine Bill of 1902?
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Study Notes
Biak-na-Bato Constitution
- A provisional constitution of the Philippine Republic during the Philippine Revolution
- A transitional constitution, until a permanent one was adopted
- Date: July 1897
- Promulgated: November 1, 1897
- Negotiators: Emilio Aguinaldo, Pedro Paterno, Gov. Gen. Primo de Rivera
- Written by Felix Ferrer and Isabelo Artacho
- Borrowed from the Cuban constitution
- Government Organs: Supreme Council (President and 4 Department Secretaries: War, Interior, Foreign Affairs, Treasury) and the Supreme Council of Grace and Justice
- The Supreme Council of Grace and Justice had the authority to decide and affirm or disprove court sentences
- An Assembly of Representatives would be convened after the revolution to create a new constitution and elect a new council of government
- This council would be made up of representatives of the people
Malolos Constitution
- Date Approved: November 29, 1898
- Promulgated: January 21, 1899
- President of the Republic: Emilio Aguinaldo (1899-1901)
- Drafters: Felipe Calderon y Roca, Felipe Buencamino
- President of the Council: Apolinario Mabini
Commonwealth Constitution
- 1935
- President: Manuel Luis Quezon Antonio y Molina (1935-1944)
- The US approved a ten-year transition plan in 1934 to draft a new constitution
- Provided foundational policies for self-rule and independent Philippines
- Democratic Participation
- Defense Preparedness
- World War II and the Japanese invasion interrupted the plan
- Ratified and adopted on May 14, 1935
- Part of the Tydings-McDuffie Law
- 93 Articles divided into 14 Titles
- 8 transitory provisions
- 1 unnumbered article
1973 Authoritarian Constitution
- President: Ferdinand E. Marcos Sr. (1965-1969, 1969-1973, 1972-1981, 1981-1986)
- Drafted: December 1, 1972
- Ratified: January 17, 1973
- AIM: Extend government power and rule by decree (suspending legislative power)
- 17 Articles with 180 Sections
- December 30, 1965: Marcos Sr. inaugurated as President
- September 23, 1972: Martial Law declared due to communist insurgency
1987 Constitution
- President: Corazon C. Aquino (1986-1992)
- Drafted: October 12, 1986
- Ratified: February 2, 1987
- President of the committee: Former Chief Justice Cecilia Muñoz Palma
- 18 Articles with 305 sections
- Created three independent constitutional commissions (see Article IX, Section 1 of the Constitution)
- Constitution restored a bicameral system of governance (Senate and House of Representatives) after the 1973 Constitution imposed a unicameral system
- May 1968: Aquino appointed 48 legislators to draft a new constitution
- October 12, 1986: Constitution complete
- 3 days later: Presented to the president
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Description
Test your knowledge on the Biak-na-Bato and Malolos Constitutions of the Philippine Republic during the late 19th century. This quiz covers the key facts and historical context behind these important documents and their significance in Philippine history.
