Biak-na-Bato and Malolos Constitutions

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Questions and Answers

What is the term length for a President elected from the National Assembly?

Eight years

Five years

Four years

Six years (correct)

Which of the following is NOT one of the three independent Constitutional Commissions established by the 1987 Constitution?

The Commission on Human Rights (CHR) (correct)

The Commission on Auditing (COA)

The Commission on Elections (COMELEC)

The Civil Service Constitution (CSC)

What was the purpose of the constitutional commission created in 1986?

To draft a new constitution (correct)

To review local government powers

To enforce election laws

To amend the existing constitution

Which office was created to investigate complaints related to public corruption?

The Office of the Ombudsman Signup and view all the answers

What significant change did the 1976 amendments introduce regarding the President's role?

The President would also become the Prime Minister. Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary purpose of the 1935 Constitution in the Philippines?

To create a transition government before independence Signup and view all the answers

Which law aimed to establish civil government and end military governance in the Philippines?

Philippine Bill of 1901 Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary purpose of the Biak-na-Bato Republic as established on November 1, 1897?

To govern the Philippines under a new leadership structure Signup and view all the answers

Under the 1943 Constitution, who was empowered to elect the president?

Members of the National Assembly Signup and view all the answers

What significant change was made to the presidential term in the 1940 amendment?

Changed from 6 years to 4 years with reelection Signup and view all the answers

Who were the primary authors of the 1897 Biak-na-Bato Constitution?

Isabelo Artacho and Félix Ferrer Signup and view all the answers

What role did the PCPI play in the context of the 1943 Constitution?

It created a new government after World War II Signup and view all the answers

Which document is referred to as the first important Filipino constitution produced by the people's representatives?

Malolos Constitution Signup and view all the answers

What significant political change did the Jones Law of 1916 aim to achieve in the Philippines?

It allowed Filipinos to govern themselves better Signup and view all the answers

Who had the authority to appoint members of the Supreme Court according to the 1935 Constitution?

The President with National Assembly consent Signup and view all the answers

What major political event allowed for the establishment of the 1973 Constitution?

The declaration of Martial Law Signup and view all the answers

Which body was vested with the power of the Republic under the 1897 Biak-na-Bato Constitution?

The Supreme Council Signup and view all the answers

Who drafted the 1899 Malolos Constitution?

Felipe G. Calderon Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the significant requirements introduced by the 1943 Constitution regarding language?

Development of Tagalog as the national language Signup and view all the answers

What was the date when the Malolos Constitution was approved?

January 20, 1899 Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following officers was NOT associated with the Malolos Constitution?

Félix Ferrer Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

The Biak-na-Bato Constitution

The Biak-na-Bato Republic was established in San Miguel de Mayumo, Bulacan on November 1, 1897.
The constitution was drafted by Isabelo Artacho and Félix Ferrer.
The Supreme Council was the governing body, headed by the president and four department secretaries: Interior, Foreign Affairs, Treasury, and War.
The Consejo Supremo de Gracia y Justicia had the authority to make decisions and affirm or disprove sentences.
The Asamblea de Representates was to be formed after the revolution to create a new constitution and elect a new Council of Government and Representatives of the people.

The Malolos Constitution

The Malolos Constitution was the first important Filipino document created by representatives of the people.
It's rooted in democratic traditions with influence from American soil.
Felipe G. Calderon drafted the constitution in 1899.
It was approved by delegates to the Malolos Congress on January 20, 1899, in Barasoain.
Executive powers were vested in the president and his cabinet.
Legislative power was exercised by the Assembly of Representatives.
Judicial powers were delegated to the Supreme Court and other lower courts established by law.

The 1935 Constitution

The 1935 Constitution established the basis of the Commonwealth government which was a transition government before Philippine independence.
The Philippine Bill of 1901 ended military rule and established a civil government.
The Jones Law of 1916 enabled Filipinos to govern themselves better and led to the establishment of the First Philippine Assembly.
The Hare-Hawes Cutting Bill of 1933 outlined a ten-year transition period before Philippine independence.
The Tydings-McDuffie Act, slightly amended from the Hare-Hawes Cutting Bill, served as the framework for crafting the 1935 Constitution.
The President was elected by the people for a six-year term but changed to four years with re-election under a 1940 amendment.
The Bicameral Congress included the Senate and House of Representatives.
The President appointed members of the Supreme Court with the consent of the Commission on Appointments of the National Assembly.

The 1943 Constitution

The 1943 Constitution was established under the Japanese-sponsored Second Republic of the Philippines.
It was crafted by the Preparatory Commission for Philippine Independence (PCPI) and endorsed by the Kapisanan sa Paglilingkod sa Bagong Pilipinas (KALIBAPI), a pro-Japanese political party.
Executive power was vested in the president elected by the National Assembly.
Judicial powers were exercised by the Supreme Court and other lower courts.
The Constitution promoted Tagalog as the national language and called for a new constitution to replace it after the war.

The 1973 Constitution

The 1973 Constitution was utilized by the Marcos regime to maintain its power.
Martial law was declared on September 21, 1972.
The Prime Minister elected from the National Assembly served as the head of government and commander-in-chief.
The President, also elected from the National Assembly, was the symbolic head of state with a six-year term.
The National Assembly defined the jurisdiction of the lower courts.
The 1976 amendments replaced the Interim National Assembly with the Interim Batasang Pambansa.
The President combined Prime Minister positions and exercised legislative powers until martial law was lifted.

The 1987 Constitution

The 1987 Constitution is the current fundamental law of the Philippines.
It was drafted by a constitutional commission with 48 members from various sectors following the 1986 People Power Revolution.
The Constitution declares the Philippines a “Democratic Republican State”.
It established three independent Constitutional Commissions:
- Civil Service Commission (CSC) - manages government personnel.
- Commission on Elections (COMELEC) - enforces election laws.
- Commission on Audit (COA) - audits government funds and transactions.
The Office of the Ombudsman was created to investigate corruption within the government.

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Description

This quiz explores the key details of the Biak-na-Bato and Malolos Constitutions, two significant documents in Philippine history. It covers their establishment, the main figures involved, and the structure of governance laid out in each. Test your knowledge on these important milestones of democracy in the Philippines!