Chapter 18 Circulation
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Questions and Answers

Which area inhibits the activity of the vasoconstrictor area?

  • Vasodilator Area (correct)
  • Tractus Solitarius
  • Central Vasomotor Centers
  • Sensory Area
  • Which nerve carries parasympathetic nerve activity to the heart?

  • Vagus nerve (correct)
  • Atrial nerve
  • Sympathetic nerve
  • Baroreceptor nerve
  • Which neurotransmitter is associated with alpha adrenergic receptors?

  • Serotonin
  • Norepinephrine (correct)
  • Dopamine
  • Epinephrine
  • Which blood vessels are innervated by sympathetic fibers?

    <p>Veins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which neurotransmitter is associated with beta adrenergic receptors?

    <p>Epinephrine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can activation of sympathetic vasodilatory fibers cause?

    <p>Vasodilation in brain vessels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to basal blood pressure when sympathetic nerve activity is blocked?

    <p>Basal blood pressure decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which branch of the autonomic nervous system has the most powerful influence on vascular tone and cardiac function?

    <p>Sympathetic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does the sympathetic nervous system have on veins?

    <p>Decreases volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which area in the brain stem transmits sympathetic impulses to blood vessels?

    <p>Vasomotor Center</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the vasoconstrictor area in the brain stem?

    <p>Maintains vasomotor tone of blood vessels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the circulation does not have autonomic innervation?

    <p>All parts have autonomic innervation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of the parasympathetic nervous system on cardiac function?

    <p>Decreases heart rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which branch of the autonomic nervous system has a small effect on cardiac contractility?

    <p>Parasympathetic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of the baroreflex control system detects arterial pressure by sensing wall stretch?

    <p>Sensor/detector</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which region of the brain is responsible for processing the signals from the baroreceptors?

    <p>NTS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve pathway is responsible for transmitting the signals from the carotid baroreceptors to the NTS?

    <p>Glossopharyngeal nerves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what range of arterial pressure are the baroreceptors most sensitive?

    <p>Normal MAP (100 mm Hg)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the baroreceptor discharge when there are small changes in blood pressure near the normal MAP range?

    <p>Increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the baroreceptor system?

    <p>To reduce minute to minute variation in arterial pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the baroreceptors when they are exposed to sustained changes in blood pressure?

    <p>They become less sensitive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which reflex is activated when mean arterial pressure falls below 60 mm Hg?

    <p>Arterial Baroreflex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which reflex increases blood pressure to ensure sufficient blood supply to the brain?

    <p>Cushing Response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which reflex is activated by an increase in atrial pressure and causes an increase in heart rate?

    <p>Bainbridge Reflex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which reflex is activated by low pressure receptors in the atria and pulmonary arteries?

    <p>Arterial Chemoreflex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which reflex cuts off blood supply to activate the CNS ischemic response?

    <p>Cushing Response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which reflex is activated by stretch of the sinus node and increases heart rate?

    <p>Bainbridge Reflex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which reflex is also known as the Atrial Reflex Control of the Heart?

    <p>Bainbridge Reflex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which reflex mechanism is activated by changes in arterial pressure?

    <p>Arterial Baroreflex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which reflex mechanism is activated by low pressure receptors in the atria and pulmonary arteries?

    <p>Arterial Chemoreflex</p> Signup and view all the answers

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