Bacteria Shapes and Terminology Quiz

Questions and Answers

What type of bacteria is a bacillus?

Round-shaped

Cluster-shaped

Pair-shaped

Rod-shaped (correct)

What type of bacteria is a coccus?

Round-shaped (correct)

Twisted

Pair-shaped

Rod-shaped

What does dipl/o mean?

pairs

What does staphyl/o represent?

bunches, like grapes Signup and view all the answers

What does strept/o mean?

twisted Signup and view all the answers

What does alb- indicate?

white Signup and view all the answers

What color does chlor/o- refer to?

green Signup and view all the answers

What does chrom/o- signify?

color Signup and view all the answers

What does cirrh/o- mean?

orange-yellow Signup and view all the answers

What does cyan/o- imply?

blue Signup and view all the answers

What does erythr/o- denote?

red Signup and view all the answers

What does leuk/o- mean?

white Signup and view all the answers

What does lutein/o- stand for?

saffron yellow Signup and view all the answers

What does melan/o- refer to?

black Signup and view all the answers

What does poli/o- imply?

gray Signup and view all the answers

What does rhod/o- indicate?

red Signup and view all the answers

What does rubi/o- mean?

reddish, redness Signup and view all the answers

What does xanth/o- refer to?

yellowish Signup and view all the answers

What does a- or an- mean?

without, not Signup and view all the answers

What does acro- signify?

extremities; top or extreme point Signup and view all the answers

What does aero- mean?

air Signup and view all the answers

What does brady- denote?

slow Signup and view all the answers

What does de- mean?

take away, remove Signup and view all the answers

What does dia- refer to?

through Signup and view all the answers

What does dif- or dis- denote?

apart, free from, separate Signup and view all the answers

What does dys- mean?

bad, painful, difficult Signup and view all the answers

What does ec- or ecto- refer to?

out, outside, outer Signup and view all the answers

What does emia- mean?

blood: condition of Signup and view all the answers

What does end- or endo- signify?

within, inner Signup and view all the answers

What does eu- mean?

good, easy Signup and view all the answers

What does extra- indicate?

outside, beyond Signup and view all the answers

What does hemi- mean?

one side, half Signup and view all the answers

What does hemo- refer to?

blood Signup and view all the answers

What does hetero- mean?

different Signup and view all the answers

What does homo- denote?

same; resembling each other Signup and view all the answers

What does hydro- refer to?

water Signup and view all the answers

What does hyper- mean?

above normal, excessive, beyond Signup and view all the answers

What does hypo- denote?

under, below normal Signup and view all the answers

What does in- mean?

in, into, not Signup and view all the answers

What does iso- refer to?

equal, same Signup and view all the answers

What does lip- signify?

fat Signup and view all the answers

What does mal- mean?

bad, poor Signup and view all the answers

What does mega- signify?

large, great Signup and view all the answers

What does megal- mean?

large (enlarged) Signup and view all the answers

What does meno- refer to?

menses (menstruation) Signup and view all the answers

What does noct- or nyct- mean?

night Signup and view all the answers

What does pan- signify?

all, every Signup and view all the answers

What does para- mean?

beside, beyond, accessory to Signup and view all the answers

What does per- indicate?

through Signup and view all the answers

What does peri- refer to?

around Signup and view all the answers

What does poly- mean?

many, much Signup and view all the answers

What does post- indicate?

following, after Signup and view all the answers

What does pre- mean?

before Signup and view all the answers

What does pro- refer to?

preceding, coming before Signup and view all the answers

What does pyo- mean?

pus Signup and view all the answers

What does re- denote?

put back Signup and view all the answers

What does super- mean?

above, beyond Signup and view all the answers

What does supra- refer to?

above, beyond Signup and view all the answers

What does syn- mean?

going, together, united Signup and view all the answers

What does tachy- signify?

fast Signup and view all the answers

What is an aperture?

opening or orifice Signup and view all the answers

What is a canal (alimentary)?

musculomembranous digestive tube extending from the mouth to the anus Signup and view all the answers

What is a canal (vaginal)?

canal in the female from the vulva to the cervix uteri Signup and view all the answers

What is a cavity?

hollow place or space Signup and view all the answers

What does constriction mean?

making something narrow; to contract Signup and view all the answers

What does dilatation or dilation mean?

stretched beyond normal dimensions; the widening of something Signup and view all the answers

What is a foramen?

natural opening or passage, especially one into or through a bone Signup and view all the answers

What does hiatus mean?

gap, cleft, or opening Signup and view all the answers

What is an introitus?

opening or entrance to a canal or cavity such as the vagina Signup and view all the answers

What is a lumen?

opening within a hollow tube or organ Signup and view all the answers

What is a meatus?

urinary passage or opening Signup and view all the answers

What is an orifice?

any orifice, such as the anal orifice Signup and view all the answers

What does os refer to?

mouth opening Signup and view all the answers

What does patent mean?

open or not plugged Signup and view all the answers

What does perforation refer to?

hole in something Signup and view all the answers

What is a stoma?

artificial opening established by colostomy, ileostomy, and tracheostomy Signup and view all the answers

What is a ventricle?

small cavity or chamber, as in the brain or heart Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Bacteria Shapes

Bacillus denotes rod-shaped bacteria; example: streptobacillus grows in twisted chains.
Coccus refers to round-shaped bacteria; example: streptococcus grows in twisted chains.
Diplococcus signifies round bacteria growing in pairs; example: diplococcus.

Bacterial Arrangements

Staphylococcus describes bacteria growing in clusters, resembling grapes.
Streptococcus indicates bacteria that form twisted chains.

Color Prefixes

Alb- indicates white; example: albino refers to an individual with a lack of pigment.
Chlor/o- means green; example: chlorophyll, essential for photosynthesis.
Chrom/o- signifies color; example: chromocyte refers to a pigmented cell.
Cirrh/o- denotes orange-yellow; example: cirrhosis, a liver condition with color changes.
Cyan/o- indicates blue; example: cyanosis, a bluish skin discoloration.
Erythr/o- signifies red; example: erythrocyte refers to red blood cells.
Leuk/o- denotes white; example: leukocyte refers to white blood cells.
Lutein/o- refers to saffron yellow; example: lutein, a pigment found in fat cells.
Melan/o- indicates black; example: melanoma, a type of skin cancer.
Poli/o- signifies gray; example: poliomyelitis, viral infection affecting CNS gray matter.
Rhod/o- denotes red; example: rhodopsin, a visual pigment in retinal rods.
Rubi/o- indicates reddish; example: rubella, a mild viral infection with a rash.
Xanth/o- signifies yellowish; example: xanthochromia, yellowish skin or fluid discoloration.

Negative and Positional Prefixes

A-/An- means without; examples: afebrile (without fever) and anoxia (absence of oxygen).
Acro- denotes extremities or extremes; example: acrodermatitis implies skin inflammation on hands or feet.
Aero- means air; examples: aerobic (in presence of oxygen) and anaerobic (without oxygen).
Brady- signifies slow; example: bradycardia, a slow heartbeat.
De- denotes removal; example: dehydrate, means to lose water.
Dia- means through; example: diarrhea, frequent watery bowel movements.
Dys- indicates bad or difficult; example: dystocia, abnormal childbirth.
Ec/Ecto- means outside; example: ectoderm, the outer germ layer of an embryo.

Blood and Interior Terms

Emia- refers to blood condition; example: anemia, reduced erythrocyte count.
End-/Endo- denotes within; example: endometrium, the uterine lining.
Eu- signifies good or normal; examples: euphoria or euthanasia.
Extra- means outside; example: extrauterine, occurring outside the uterus.

Measurements and Conditions

Hemi- indicates half; example: hemiplegia denotes paralysis of one side.
Hemo- refers to blood; example: hemolysis, breakdown of red blood cells.
Hetero- signifies different; example: heterosexual refers to attraction to the opposite sex.
Homo- means same; examples: homosexual and homogeneous.

Water and Nutrition Terms

Hydro- denotes water; examples: hydrotherapy and hydrocephalus.
Hyper- means excessive; example: hypertension, high blood pressure.
Hypo- signifies below normal; example: hypoglycemia, low blood sugar levels.

Movement and Connectivity Terms

In- denotes in or not; example: infusion, steeping substance in liquid.
Iso- means equal; examples: isotonic and isothermal.

Size and Quality Terms

Lip- refers to fat; example: lipidemia, elevated fat levels in blood.
Mal- denotes bad; example: malaise, a general feeling of discomfort.
Mega- means large; example: megalgia, severe pain.
Megalo- implies enlarged; example: acromegaly, abnormal extremity enlargement.

Meno- refers to menstruation; example: menopause, cessation of menstruation.
Noct-/Nyct- means night; example: nocturia, excessive night urination.

All-Inclusive and Beyond Terms

Pan- indicates all; example: pandemic, widespread disease.
Para- denotes beside or related; example: paracystic, near the bladder.
Per- indicates through; example: perforate, to create holes.

Surrounding and Additional Terms

Peri- means around; example: peritoneum, lining of abdominal cavities.
Poly- denotes many; example: polyuria, excessive urination.

Sequential Terms

Post- means after; examples: postpartum (after childbirth) and postoperative (after surgery).
Pre- denotes before; example: prenatal, before birth.
Pro- means before; example: prognosis, forecast of a condition.

Pus and Restoration Terms

Pyo- relates to pus; examples: pyogenic and pyorrhea.
Re- signifies back; example: rehydrate, restore water balance.

Over or Under Terms

Super- means above; example: supernutrition, excessive nutrition.
Supra- denotes above or beyond; example: supracostal, above the ribs.

Unity and Speed Terms

Syn- means together; examples: synthesis and syndrome.
Tachy- indicates fast; example: tachycardia, rapid heartbeat.

Anatomical Openings and Spaces

Aperture refers to an opening or orifice.
Canal (alimentary) is the digestive tube from mouth to anus.
Canal (vaginal) is the passage from vulva to cervix.
Cavity signifies a hollow space within the body.
Constriction relates to narrowing or closing an opening.
Dilatation/Dilation is the process of widening or expanding.
Foramen signifies a natural opening in bone.
Hiatus denotes a gap or opening.
Introitus is the entrance to a cavity, like the vagina.
Lumen refers to the opening within a tubular organ.
Meatus is the opening in the urinary passage.
Orifice means any opening, such as anal.
Os signifies a mouth opening, specifically the cervix.
Patent means open or unobstructed.
Perforation describes a hole, such as in the stomach wall.
Stoma is an artificial opening from procedures like colostomy.
Ventricle refers to a small chamber or cavity in the brain or heart.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the definitions and classifications of different types of bacteria, focusing on their shapes such as bacilli and cocci. This quiz will help reinforce your understanding of basic microbiology terminology.