Bacteria Shapes and Terminology Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What type of bacteria is a bacillus?

  • Round-shaped
  • Cluster-shaped
  • Pair-shaped
  • Rod-shaped (correct)
  • What type of bacteria is a coccus?

  • Round-shaped (correct)
  • Twisted
  • Pair-shaped
  • Rod-shaped
  • What does dipl/o mean?

    pairs

    What does staphyl/o represent?

    <p>bunches, like grapes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does strept/o mean?

    <p>twisted</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does alb- indicate?

    <p>white</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What color does chlor/o- refer to?

    <p>green</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does chrom/o- signify?

    <p>color</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does cirrh/o- mean?

    <p>orange-yellow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does cyan/o- imply?

    <p>blue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does erythr/o- denote?

    <p>red</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does leuk/o- mean?

    <p>white</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does lutein/o- stand for?

    <p>saffron yellow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does melan/o- refer to?

    <p>black</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does poli/o- imply?

    <p>gray</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does rhod/o- indicate?

    <p>red</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does rubi/o- mean?

    <p>reddish, redness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does xanth/o- refer to?

    <p>yellowish</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a- or an- mean?

    <p>without, not</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does acro- signify?

    <p>extremities; top or extreme point</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does aero- mean?

    <p>air</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does brady- denote?

    <p>slow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does de- mean?

    <p>take away, remove</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does dia- refer to?

    <p>through</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does dif- or dis- denote?

    <p>apart, free from, separate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does dys- mean?

    <p>bad, painful, difficult</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does ec- or ecto- refer to?

    <p>out, outside, outer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does emia- mean?

    <p>blood: condition of</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does end- or endo- signify?

    <p>within, inner</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does eu- mean?

    <p>good, easy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does extra- indicate?

    <p>outside, beyond</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does hemi- mean?

    <p>one side, half</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does hemo- refer to?

    <p>blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does hetero- mean?

    <p>different</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does homo- denote?

    <p>same; resembling each other</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does hydro- refer to?

    <p>water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does hyper- mean?

    <p>above normal, excessive, beyond</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does hypo- denote?

    <p>under, below normal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does in- mean?

    <p>in, into, not</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does iso- refer to?

    <p>equal, same</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does lip- signify?

    <p>fat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does mal- mean?

    <p>bad, poor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does mega- signify?

    <p>large, great</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does megal- mean?

    <p>large (enlarged)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does meno- refer to?

    <p>menses (menstruation)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does noct- or nyct- mean?

    <p>night</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does pan- signify?

    <p>all, every</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does para- mean?

    <p>beside, beyond, accessory to</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does per- indicate?

    <p>through</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does peri- refer to?

    <p>around</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does poly- mean?

    <p>many, much</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does post- indicate?

    <p>following, after</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does pre- mean?

    <p>before</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does pro- refer to?

    <p>preceding, coming before</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does pyo- mean?

    <p>pus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does re- denote?

    <p>put back</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does super- mean?

    <p>above, beyond</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does supra- refer to?

    <p>above, beyond</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does syn- mean?

    <p>going, together, united</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does tachy- signify?

    <p>fast</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an aperture?

    <p>opening or orifice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a canal (alimentary)?

    <p>musculomembranous digestive tube extending from the mouth to the anus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a canal (vaginal)?

    <p>canal in the female from the vulva to the cervix uteri</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a cavity?

    <p>hollow place or space</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does constriction mean?

    <p>making something narrow; to contract</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does dilatation or dilation mean?

    <p>stretched beyond normal dimensions; the widening of something</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a foramen?

    <p>natural opening or passage, especially one into or through a bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does hiatus mean?

    <p>gap, cleft, or opening</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an introitus?

    <p>opening or entrance to a canal or cavity such as the vagina</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a lumen?

    <p>opening within a hollow tube or organ</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a meatus?

    <p>urinary passage or opening</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an orifice?

    <p>any orifice, such as the anal orifice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does os refer to?

    <p>mouth opening</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does patent mean?

    <p>open or not plugged</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does perforation refer to?

    <p>hole in something</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a stoma?

    <p>artificial opening established by colostomy, ileostomy, and tracheostomy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a ventricle?

    <p>small cavity or chamber, as in the brain or heart</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Bacteria Shapes

    • Bacillus denotes rod-shaped bacteria; example: streptobacillus grows in twisted chains.
    • Coccus refers to round-shaped bacteria; example: streptococcus grows in twisted chains.
    • Diplococcus signifies round bacteria growing in pairs; example: diplococcus.

    Bacterial Arrangements

    • Staphylococcus describes bacteria growing in clusters, resembling grapes.
    • Streptococcus indicates bacteria that form twisted chains.

    Color Prefixes

    • Alb- indicates white; example: albino refers to an individual with a lack of pigment.
    • Chlor/o- means green; example: chlorophyll, essential for photosynthesis.
    • Chrom/o- signifies color; example: chromocyte refers to a pigmented cell.
    • Cirrh/o- denotes orange-yellow; example: cirrhosis, a liver condition with color changes.
    • Cyan/o- indicates blue; example: cyanosis, a bluish skin discoloration.
    • Erythr/o- signifies red; example: erythrocyte refers to red blood cells.
    • Leuk/o- denotes white; example: leukocyte refers to white blood cells.
    • Lutein/o- refers to saffron yellow; example: lutein, a pigment found in fat cells.
    • Melan/o- indicates black; example: melanoma, a type of skin cancer.
    • Poli/o- signifies gray; example: poliomyelitis, viral infection affecting CNS gray matter.
    • Rhod/o- denotes red; example: rhodopsin, a visual pigment in retinal rods.
    • Rubi/o- indicates reddish; example: rubella, a mild viral infection with a rash.
    • Xanth/o- signifies yellowish; example: xanthochromia, yellowish skin or fluid discoloration.

    Negative and Positional Prefixes

    • A-/An- means without; examples: afebrile (without fever) and anoxia (absence of oxygen).
    • Acro- denotes extremities or extremes; example: acrodermatitis implies skin inflammation on hands or feet.
    • Aero- means air; examples: aerobic (in presence of oxygen) and anaerobic (without oxygen).
    • Brady- signifies slow; example: bradycardia, a slow heartbeat.
    • De- denotes removal; example: dehydrate, means to lose water.
    • Dia- means through; example: diarrhea, frequent watery bowel movements.
    • Dys- indicates bad or difficult; example: dystocia, abnormal childbirth.
    • Ec/Ecto- means outside; example: ectoderm, the outer germ layer of an embryo.

    Blood and Interior Terms

    • Emia- refers to blood condition; example: anemia, reduced erythrocyte count.
    • End-/Endo- denotes within; example: endometrium, the uterine lining.
    • Eu- signifies good or normal; examples: euphoria or euthanasia.
    • Extra- means outside; example: extrauterine, occurring outside the uterus.

    Measurements and Conditions

    • Hemi- indicates half; example: hemiplegia denotes paralysis of one side.
    • Hemo- refers to blood; example: hemolysis, breakdown of red blood cells.
    • Hetero- signifies different; example: heterosexual refers to attraction to the opposite sex.
    • Homo- means same; examples: homosexual and homogeneous.

    Water and Nutrition Terms

    • Hydro- denotes water; examples: hydrotherapy and hydrocephalus.
    • Hyper- means excessive; example: hypertension, high blood pressure.
    • Hypo- signifies below normal; example: hypoglycemia, low blood sugar levels.

    Movement and Connectivity Terms

    • In- denotes in or not; example: infusion, steeping substance in liquid.
    • Iso- means equal; examples: isotonic and isothermal.

    Size and Quality Terms

    • Lip- refers to fat; example: lipidemia, elevated fat levels in blood.
    • Mal- denotes bad; example: malaise, a general feeling of discomfort.
    • Mega- means large; example: megalgia, severe pain.
    • Megalo- implies enlarged; example: acromegaly, abnormal extremity enlargement.
    • Meno- refers to menstruation; example: menopause, cessation of menstruation.
    • Noct-/Nyct- means night; example: nocturia, excessive night urination.

    All-Inclusive and Beyond Terms

    • Pan- indicates all; example: pandemic, widespread disease.
    • Para- denotes beside or related; example: paracystic, near the bladder.
    • Per- indicates through; example: perforate, to create holes.

    Surrounding and Additional Terms

    • Peri- means around; example: peritoneum, lining of abdominal cavities.
    • Poly- denotes many; example: polyuria, excessive urination.

    Sequential Terms

    • Post- means after; examples: postpartum (after childbirth) and postoperative (after surgery).
    • Pre- denotes before; example: prenatal, before birth.
    • Pro- means before; example: prognosis, forecast of a condition.

    Pus and Restoration Terms

    • Pyo- relates to pus; examples: pyogenic and pyorrhea.
    • Re- signifies back; example: rehydrate, restore water balance.

    Over or Under Terms

    • Super- means above; example: supernutrition, excessive nutrition.
    • Supra- denotes above or beyond; example: supracostal, above the ribs.

    Unity and Speed Terms

    • Syn- means together; examples: synthesis and syndrome.
    • Tachy- indicates fast; example: tachycardia, rapid heartbeat.

    Anatomical Openings and Spaces

    • Aperture refers to an opening or orifice.
    • Canal (alimentary) is the digestive tube from mouth to anus.
    • Canal (vaginal) is the passage from vulva to cervix.
    • Cavity signifies a hollow space within the body.
    • Constriction relates to narrowing or closing an opening.
    • Dilatation/Dilation is the process of widening or expanding.
    • Foramen signifies a natural opening in bone.
    • Hiatus denotes a gap or opening.
    • Introitus is the entrance to a cavity, like the vagina.
    • Lumen refers to the opening within a tubular organ.
    • Meatus is the opening in the urinary passage.
    • Orifice means any opening, such as anal.
    • Os signifies a mouth opening, specifically the cervix.
    • Patent means open or unobstructed.
    • Perforation describes a hole, such as in the stomach wall.
    • Stoma is an artificial opening from procedures like colostomy.
    • Ventricle refers to a small chamber or cavity in the brain or heart.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on the definitions and classifications of different types of bacteria, focusing on their shapes such as bacilli and cocci. This quiz will help reinforce your understanding of basic microbiology terminology.

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