Questions and Answers
What is the most specific of the taxa that is the Latin name for an organism?
Species
The species grouped in a ______ are considered to be very closely related.
Genus
A species' scientific or _______ name is its 2 part Latin name.
binomial
In taxonomy, what is a group of similar phyla or divisions called?
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What is the science which studies the evolutionary relationships between organisms and classifies them?
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Archaea and Bacteria are classified as _____ cells because they lack chromosomes and a nucleus.
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What is one of the three domains in the three domain system consisting of primitive prokaryotic organisms known for being extremophiles?
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What is one of the three domains in the three domain system consisting of primitive prokaryotic organisms that include diverse bacteria such as cyanophytes?
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Bacteria characterized by the ability to photosynthesize and fix nitrogen gas into organic compounds are called what?
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What is any of the groups to which organisms are assigned according to the principles of taxonomy?
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What is one of the three domains in the three domain system containing organisms whose cells have a true nucleus?
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What is one of the kingdoms in the six kingdom system containing single-celled bacteria except for the Archaebacteria?
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What is a major taxonomic group into which animals are divided, made up of several classes?
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Animals, plants, protists, and fungi are classified as _____ cells because they have a nucleus with chromosomes.
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What is the largest of the groups of organisms based on DNA evidence and cell structures?
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What is one of the kingdoms of prokaryotic cells considered to be an ancient form of life?
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What term is used for organisms that make a home in harsh environments?
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Study Notes
Taxonomy and Classification
- Species: The most specific taxonomic rank, represented by a Latin name.
- Genus: A group of species that are closely related, indicating common ancestry.
- Binomial Nomenclature: The formal system for naming species, consisting of a two-part Latin name.
- Kingdom: A major taxonomic category that includes closely related phyla or divisions.
- Taxonomy: The science dedicated to studying evolutionary relationships and classifying organisms.
Cellular Classification
- Prokaryotic Cells: Cells without a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles, including Archaea and Bacteria.
- Eukaryotic Cells: Cells with a true nucleus and organelles, encompassing animals, plants, fungi, and protists.
Domain Classification
- Archaea: One of the three domains, contains ancient prokaryotic organisms, often extremophiles.
- Bacteria: Another domain of prokaryotes, with diverse dietary and ecological roles, including cyanophytes.
- Eukarya: The domain comprising organisms with eukaryotic cells, including Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia.
Specialized Groups
- Cyanophytes: Photosynthetic bacteria often referred to as "blue-green algae" that can fix nitrogen.
- Eubacteria: A kingdom within the six-kingdom system, contains most common bacteria excluding Archaebacteria.
- Archaebacteria: A kingdom of ancient prokaryotic life that evolved separately from other bacteria, differing in molecular structure.
Taxonomic Hierarchy
- Phylum: A significant taxonomic category that groups several classes of organisms.
- Taxon: Any categorized group of organisms within taxonomy, including all ranks from kingdom to species.
Extremophiles
- Extremophiles: Organisms that thrive in extreme conditions—harsh environments that would be lethal to most life forms.
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Description
Test your knowledge of key vocabulary related to the classification of organisms, focusing on terms like species, genus, and kingdom. This quiz will help reinforce your understanding of taxonomy and its importance in biology.
