Recent

  • Show all results for ""
Autonomic Nervous System Overview
42 Questions
0 Views

Autonomic Nervous System Overview

Created by
@AccomplishedLongBeach

Questions and Answers

Which type of muscles does the autonomic nervous system innervate?

  • Skeletal muscles
  • Smooth muscle (correct)
  • Both A and B
  • None of the above

    • The somatic nervous system operates via subconscious control.

    False

    What are the two types of divisions in the autonomic nervous system?

    Sympathetic and parasympathetic

    The axons of the somatic motor neurons are __________ myelinated.

    <p>heavily</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the type of neurotransmitter with its corresponding system:

    <p>Somatic nervous system = Acetylcholine (ACh) Preganglionic fibers (ANS) = Acetylcholine (ACh) Postganglionic fibers (ANS) = Norepinephrine (NE) or ACh</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the main functions of the autonomic nervous system?

    <p>Regulating heart rate and blood pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Postganglionic fibers in the autonomic nervous system can release either norepinephrine or acetylcholine.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to blood flow under the influence of the autonomic nervous system?

    <p>Blood is shunted to areas that need it.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system?

    <p>Mobilizes body during activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The parasympathetic division is known as the 'rest-and-digest' system.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does the sympathetic division have on heart rate during physical activity?

    <p>Increases heart rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The sympathetic division dominates during times of ______.

    <p>exercise</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes the dual innervation provided by the autonomic nervous system?

    <p>Both divisions control all organs but cause opposite effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The sympathetic division promotes digestion and allows for waste elimination.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following autonomic nervous system effects with the corresponding division:

    <p>Increased heart rate = Sympathetic division Constriction of pupils = Parasympathetic division Decreased respiratory rate = Parasympathetic division Dilated bronchioles = Sympathetic division</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The continual state of partial constriction of blood vessels controlled by the sympathetic division is called ______.

    <p>sympathetic tone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is primarily activated by the parasympathetic division?

    <p>Digestive glands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The sympathetic division is responsible for decreasing heart rate and digestive functions.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common response of the body to increased parasympathetic activity?

    <p>Decreased metabolic rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The parasympathetic division normally dominates heart and smooth muscle of the ________ and urinary tract organs.

    <p>digestive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the sympathetic responses with their corresponding effects:

    <p>Heightened mental alertness = 1 Increased heart rate = 2 Reduced digestive functions = 3 Activation of sweat glands = 4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does the sympathetic division have on respiratory passageways?

    <p>Dilation of passageways</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Parasympathetic tone causes organs to be completely inactive at rest.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name one response that occurs with increased sympathetic activity.

    <p>Increased metabolic rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which neurotransmitter is released by all preganglionic axons in the autonomic nervous system?

    <p>Acetylcholine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Norepinephrine is released by all postganglionic neurons in the sympathetic nervous system.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of receptors do acetylcholine bind to?

    <p>Cholinergic receptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ganglia for the sympathetic nervous system are located _____ to the spinal cord.

    <p>close</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following sections of the autonomic nervous system to their primary neurotransmitter:

    <p>Parasympathetic preganglionic fibers = Acetylcholine Sympathetic postganglionic fibers = Norepinephrine Sweat gland postganglionic fibers = Acetylcholine Parasympathetic postganglionic fibers = Acetylcholine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organ has preganglionic fibers that are long?

    <p>Heart</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system?

    <p>Performs maintenance activities and conserves body energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Adrenergic fibers are responsible for releasing acetylcholine in nearly all sympathetic postganglionic axons.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of neuron structure is primarily seen in the somatic nervous system?

    <p>Single neuron from CNS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The neurotransmitter released by the sympathetic autonomic nervous system can only be norepinephrine.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What neurotransmitter is predominantly released at effector organs in the parasympathetic autonomic nervous system?

    <p>Acetylcholine (ACh)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The _____ nervous system utilizes a two-neuron chain to connect the CNS to effector organs.

    <p>autonomic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following neurotransmitters with their associated nervous system:

    <p>Acetylcholine = Parasympathetic Autonomic Nervous System Norepinephrine = Sympathetic Autonomic Nervous System Epinephrine = Adrenal Medulla</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the effect of neurotransmitters released by the autonomic nervous system on target organs vary?

    <p>They can produce stimulatory or inhibitory effects.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The axons in the sympathetic autonomic nervous system are primarily heavily myelinated.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name the primary target tissues affected by the parasympathetic autonomic nervous system.

    <p>Smooth muscle, glands, cardiac muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The sympathetic nervous system often causes blood vessels to _____ due to the release of norepinephrine.

    <p>constrict</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines whether the autonomic nervous system’s effect on target organs is stimulatory or inhibitory?

    <p>Type of receptor and neurotransmitter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Autonomic Nervous System Overview

    • Comprises two main divisions: sympathetic and parasympathetic, serving to balance bodily functions.
    • Works involuntarily to regulate smooth muscles, cardiac muscles, and glands.

    Comparison of Nervous Systems

    • Somatic Nervous System (SNS):

      • Controls voluntary movements via skeletal muscles.
      • Utilizes a single, heavily myelinated neuron connecting CNS to effectors.
      • Releases acetylcholine (ACh) leading to an excitatory effect at the neuromuscular junction.

    • Autonomic Nervous System (ANS):

      • Involves a two-neuron chain; preganglionic neuron has lightly myelinated axon, postganglionic neuron is typically non-myelinated.
      • Effects on target organs depend on neurotransmitter type and receptor subtype.
      • Preganglionic fibers release ACh; postganglionic fibers release either norepinephrine (NE) or ACh, with variable effects.

    Parasympathetic vs. Sympathetic Division

    • Parasympathetic Division:

      • Promotes "rest-and-digest" functions; conserves energy and maintains bodily resources.
      • Decreases heart rate, respiratory rate, and increases gastrointestinal activity.
      • Example: Low heart rate and high digestive tract activity after a meal.

    • Sympathetic Division:

      • Mobilizes body in stressful situations, known as "fight-or-flight."
      • Increases heart rate, respiratory rate, and redirects blood flow to muscles.
      • Activates energy reserves and prepares the body for vigorous activities.

    Homeostasis and Nervous System Interaction

    • Dual innervation from parasympathetic and sympathetic systems helps maintain homeostasis through dynamic antagonism.
    • Example: Sympathetic division increases heart rate during activity, while parasympathetic division lowers it during rest.

    Neurotransmitters in ANS

    • Major neurotransmitters:
      • Acetylcholine (ACh): Released by all preganglionic fibers and parasympathetic postganglionic fibers.
      • Norepinephrine (NE): Released by most sympathetic postganglionic fibers, except for sweat glands which utilize ACh.

    Responses to Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Activity

    • Increased Sympathetic Activity:

      • Heightened mental alertness, increased metabolism, and shunts blood to essential organs.
      • Inhibition of digestion and urinary functions.

    • Increased Parasympathetic Activity:

      • Decreased metabolic rate, lower heart rate and blood pressure.
      • Enhanced secretion by digestive glands and increased motility within the digestive tract.

    Control of Blood Vessels

    • Sympathetic division controls blood vessel tone (sympathetic tone) to maintain blood pressure.
    • Parasympathetic division predominantly governs digestive and urinary organs, maintaining a state of rest and digestion.

    Homeostatic Disruption

    • Conditions such as demyelinating diseases may lead to impaired nerve signal transmission, affecting muscle control and other physiological processes, resulting in potential dysfunction across body systems.

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Description

    This quiz focuses on the autonomic nervous system, its comparison with the somatic nervous system, and the distinct roles of its sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions. Explore how these systems contribute to homeostasis and interact with various body systems. Test your knowledge on neurotransmitters and the effects of disruption in these pathways.

    More Quizzes Like This

    Quiz de Biofísica del Sistema Nervioso Autónomo
    10 questions

    Quiz de Biofísica del Sistema Nervioso Autónomo

    VictoriousSalmon avatar
    VictoriousSalmon
    Autonomic Nervous System Pharmacology Quiz
    5 questions

    Autonomic Nervous System Pharmacology Quiz and Flashcards

    FunLynx avatar
    FunLynx
    Autonomic Nervous System Quiz
    20 questions

    Autonomic Nervous System Quiz

    ModernComposite avatar
    ModernComposite
    Autonomic Nervous System Overview
    18 questions

    Autonomic Nervous System Overview

    AppreciativeField avatar
    AppreciativeField
    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser