Autonomic Nervous System Overview
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Questions and Answers

What is the most widespread excitatory neurotransmitter?

  • Neuropeptides
  • NO
  • Glutamate (correct)
  • GABA
  • Which neurotransmitter is commonly referred to as a neuromodulator?

  • GABA
  • NO
  • CO
  • Neuropeptides (correct)
  • What is the primary function of the Somatic nervous system?

  • Control smooth muscles
  • Transmit visual information
  • Sense external environment and control skeletal muscles (correct)
  • Innervate internal organs
  • What is the structure/function relationship between the CNS and PNS?

    <p>PNS initiates responses and CNS interprets information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of neurotransmitters are nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO)?

    <p>Gaseous neurotransmitters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which division of the nervous system controls conscious responses?

    <p>Somatic nervous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between ionotropic receptors and metabotropic receptors?

    <p>Ionotropic receptors mediate short-term effects only, while metabotropic receptors mediate long-term effects like gene expression.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which neurotransmitter is inhibitory in cardiac muscles but excitatory in brain and skeletal muscles?

    <p>Acetylcholine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What neurotransmitter class includes dopamine, epinephrine, serotonin, and histamine?

    <p>Biogenic amines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of receptor triggers the activation of a G protein that modifies the function of ion channels?

    <p>Metabotropic receptor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does cAMP play in the activation of metabotropic receptors?

    <p>cAMP is a second messenger produced inside the cell that modifies ion channels.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which neurotransmitter category has widespread physiological effects, is psychoactive, and can be associated with mental illnesses like schizophrenia and depression?

    <p>Biogenic amines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What part of the autonomic nervous system is responsible for preparing the body for danger or stress?

    <p>Sympathetic division</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of receptor responds to mechanical energy?

    <p>Mechanoreceptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process by which incoming stimuli are converted into neural signals called?

    <p>Sensory transduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which receptor type is responsible for detecting extreme heat, cold, and pressure?

    <p>Nociceptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What event leads to the production of new proteins that enhance synaptic connections and contribute to long-term memory?

    <p>Activation of genes and mRNA synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In relation to the intensity of a stimulus, what does a higher frequency of action potentials indicate?

    <p>A more intense stimulus</p> Signup and view all the answers

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