Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary mechanism by which the body's immune system mistakes its own healthy tissues as foreign and attacks them in autoimmune disease?
What is the primary mechanism by which the body's immune system mistakes its own healthy tissues as foreign and attacks them in autoimmune disease?
- Induction of anergic T cells
- Loss of immunological tolerance to self (correct)
- Breakdown of central tolerance
- Molecular mimicry
What is the main function of positive selection in central tolerance?
What is the main function of positive selection in central tolerance?
- Generates regulator T cells
- Sends survival signals to T cells that respond weakly to self MHC peptide (correct)
- Removes T cells that strongly recognize self MHC and peptide
- Induces anergy in self-reactive T cells
What is the outcome when self-reactive T cells fail to receive signal 2 during anergy induction?
What is the outcome when self-reactive T cells fail to receive signal 2 during anergy induction?
- They proliferate and become active
- They become anergic and fail to proliferate (correct)
- They undergo apoptosis
- They become regulator T cells
What is the primary mechanism by which regulator T cells suppress immune responses?
What is the primary mechanism by which regulator T cells suppress immune responses?
What is the site where central tolerance takes place?
What is the site where central tolerance takes place?
What is the outcome of negative selection in central tolerance?
What is the outcome of negative selection in central tolerance?
What is the first step in the given protocol for an anaphylactic emergency?
What is the first step in the given protocol for an anaphylactic emergency?
What is the recommended dose of adrenaline for an anaphylactic emergency?
What is the recommended dose of adrenaline for an anaphylactic emergency?
What type of autoimmune response is a type II hypersensitivity reaction?
What type of autoimmune response is a type II hypersensitivity reaction?
What is the typical timescale for a type II hypersensitivity reaction?
What is the typical timescale for a type II hypersensitivity reaction?
What is the mechanism of action in autoimmune haemolytic anaemia?
What is the mechanism of action in autoimmune haemolytic anaemia?
What type of autoimmune response is a type III hypersensitivity reaction?
What type of autoimmune response is a type III hypersensitivity reaction?
What is the typical timescale for a type III hypersensitivity reaction?
What is the typical timescale for a type III hypersensitivity reaction?
What is the mechanism of action in systemic lupus erythematosus?
What is the mechanism of action in systemic lupus erythematosus?
What type of autoimmune response is a type IV hypersensitivity reaction?
What type of autoimmune response is a type IV hypersensitivity reaction?
What is the typical timescale for a type IV hypersensitivity reaction?
What is the typical timescale for a type IV hypersensitivity reaction?
What is the process by which antigens of infectious agents stimulate cross-reactive B and T cells?
What is the process by which antigens of infectious agents stimulate cross-reactive B and T cells?
What is the enzyme responsible for citrullination in rheumatoid arthritis?
What is the enzyme responsible for citrullination in rheumatoid arthritis?
What is the second signal required for B cell activation?
What is the second signal required for B cell activation?
What is the type of hypersensitivity reaction that is mediated by IgE and causes anaphylaxis?
What is the type of hypersensitivity reaction that is mediated by IgE and causes anaphylaxis?
What is the typical timescale of a type I hypersensitivity reaction?
What is the typical timescale of a type I hypersensitivity reaction?
What is the primary function of TLRs in B cell activation?
What is the primary function of TLRs in B cell activation?
What is the outcome of anaphylaxis if left untreated?
What is the outcome of anaphylaxis if left untreated?
What is the treatment for mild anaphylaxis?
What is the treatment for mild anaphylaxis?
What is the result of the binding of IgE and Fc receptor on mast cells?
What is the result of the binding of IgE and Fc receptor on mast cells?
What is the definition of a hypersensitivity reaction?
What is the definition of a hypersensitivity reaction?
What is the mechanism by which activated T cells are eliminated to prevent tissue damage?
What is the mechanism by which activated T cells are eliminated to prevent tissue damage?
What is the main difference between an immune response and an autoimmune response?
What is the main difference between an immune response and an autoimmune response?
Which of the following is an example of an organ-specific autoimmune disease?
Which of the following is an example of an organ-specific autoimmune disease?
Why do females have a higher prevalence of autoimmune diseases?
Why do females have a higher prevalence of autoimmune diseases?
What is the purpose of central tolerance and negative selection?
What is the purpose of central tolerance and negative selection?
What is the function of Treg cells in autoimmune responses?
What is the function of Treg cells in autoimmune responses?
What is the disease associated with a mutation in Treg cells?
What is the disease associated with a mutation in Treg cells?
What does GWAS stand for?
What does GWAS stand for?
What enzyme is associated with Rheumatoid Arthritis?
What enzyme is associated with Rheumatoid Arthritis?
Why is negative selection not 100% effective in removing self-reactive T cells?
Why is negative selection not 100% effective in removing self-reactive T cells?
