ARDS Outcomes and Mortality Factors
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is a clinical feature of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)?

  • Chest pain
  • Severe dyspnea (correct)
  • Coughing
  • Fever

What is the annual incidence of ARDS prior to the COVID-19 pandemic?

  • 60 cases/100,000 population (correct)
  • 100 cases/100,000 population
  • 10 cases/100,000 population
  • 30 cases/100,000 population

Which of the following is NOT a common cause of ARDS?

  • Asthma (correct)
  • Trauma
  • Pneumonia
  • Sepsis

What is the most frequently reported surgical condition in ARDS patients with trauma?

<p>Pulmonary contusion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key goal in the management of ICU patients?

<p>Minimizing unnecessary procedures and their complications (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which clinical variable is NOT associated with the development of ARDS?

<p>Pancreatitis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the potential harm of mechanical ventilation?

<p>Aggravation of lung injury (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended tidal volume for patients with ARDS?

<p>6 mL/kg of predicted body weight (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the increased risk of developing ARDS for trauma patients with an APACHE II score ≥16?

<p>2.5-fold (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) in ARDS?

<p>To minimize alveolar collapse (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which phase of the natural history of ARDS is characterized by the accumulation of edema fluid in the interstitial and alveolar spaces?

<p>Exudative phase (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic radiographic finding in ARDS?

<p>Opacities consistent with pulmonary edema (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common disorder in the differential diagnosis of ARDS?

<p>Acute interstitial pneumonitis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which phase of ARDS do patients experience dyspnea, tachypnea, and hypoxemia?

<p>Proliferative phase (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What histological changes are seen in the fibrotic phase of ARDS?

<p>Pulmonary fibrosis and vascular occlusion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the increased risk associated with lung biopsy evidence for pulmonary fibrosis in any phase of ARDS?

<p>Increased mortality risk (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which maneuver requires a critical care team that is experienced in 'proning'?

<p>Neuromuscular blockade (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which mode of mechanical ventilation has not been proven beneficial over standard modes of ventilation in ARDS management?

<p>Airway pressure release ventilation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which therapy has not been shown to improve survival or decrease time on mechanical ventilation in ARDS?

<p>Glucocorticoids (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the hospital mortality estimate for severe ARDS according to the LUNG SAFE trial?

<p>46.1% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is often documented 5 years after ARDS?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When caring for ARDS survivors, what potential burden of psychological problems should healthcare providers be aware of?

<p>Both depression and posttraumatic stress disorder (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended chapter for information regarding COVID prognosis and recovery?

<p>Chap. 199 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the timeframe when exercise limitation and decreased physical quality of life are often documented after ARDS?

<p>5 years (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a potential psychological problem in ARDS survivors and family caregivers?

<p>Substance abuse (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical outcome of physical function assessment 5 years after ARDS?

<p>Decreased physical quality of life (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a major risk factor for ARDS mortality?

<p>Chronic immunosuppression (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which therapy is NOT recommended for ARDS based on clinical evidence against efficacy?

<p>Inhaled vasodilators (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which patients with ARDS are more likely to have a higher survival rate?

<p>Surgical and trauma patients without direct lung injury (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which parameter of lung injury has little additional value in predicting ARDS mortality?

<p>Level of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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