ARDS Outcomes and Mortality Factors
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is a clinical feature of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)?

  • Chest pain
  • Severe dyspnea (correct)
  • Coughing
  • Fever
  • What is the annual incidence of ARDS prior to the COVID-19 pandemic?

  • 60 cases/100,000 population (correct)
  • 100 cases/100,000 population
  • 10 cases/100,000 population
  • 30 cases/100,000 population
  • Which of the following is NOT a common cause of ARDS?

  • Asthma (correct)
  • Trauma
  • Pneumonia
  • Sepsis
  • What is the most frequently reported surgical condition in ARDS patients with trauma?

    <p>Pulmonary contusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a key goal in the management of ICU patients?

    <p>Minimizing unnecessary procedures and their complications</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which clinical variable is NOT associated with the development of ARDS?

    <p>Pancreatitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the potential harm of mechanical ventilation?

    <p>Aggravation of lung injury</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended tidal volume for patients with ARDS?

    <p>6 mL/kg of predicted body weight</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the increased risk of developing ARDS for trauma patients with an APACHE II score ≥16?

    <p>2.5-fold</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) in ARDS?

    <p>To minimize alveolar collapse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phase of the natural history of ARDS is characterized by the accumulation of edema fluid in the interstitial and alveolar spaces?

    <p>Exudative phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic radiographic finding in ARDS?

    <p>Opacities consistent with pulmonary edema</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common disorder in the differential diagnosis of ARDS?

    <p>Acute interstitial pneumonitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which phase of ARDS do patients experience dyspnea, tachypnea, and hypoxemia?

    <p>Proliferative phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What histological changes are seen in the fibrotic phase of ARDS?

    <p>Pulmonary fibrosis and vascular occlusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the increased risk associated with lung biopsy evidence for pulmonary fibrosis in any phase of ARDS?

    <p>Increased mortality risk</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which maneuver requires a critical care team that is experienced in 'proning'?

    <p>Neuromuscular blockade</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which mode of mechanical ventilation has not been proven beneficial over standard modes of ventilation in ARDS management?

    <p>Airway pressure release ventilation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which therapy has not been shown to improve survival or decrease time on mechanical ventilation in ARDS?

    <p>Glucocorticoids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the hospital mortality estimate for severe ARDS according to the LUNG SAFE trial?

    <p>46.1%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is often documented 5 years after ARDS?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When caring for ARDS survivors, what potential burden of psychological problems should healthcare providers be aware of?

    <p>Both depression and posttraumatic stress disorder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended chapter for information regarding COVID prognosis and recovery?

    <p>Chap. 199</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the timeframe when exercise limitation and decreased physical quality of life are often documented after ARDS?

    <p>5 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a potential psychological problem in ARDS survivors and family caregivers?

    <p>Substance abuse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical outcome of physical function assessment 5 years after ARDS?

    <p>Decreased physical quality of life</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a major risk factor for ARDS mortality?

    <p>Chronic immunosuppression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which therapy is NOT recommended for ARDS based on clinical evidence against efficacy?

    <p>Inhaled vasodilators</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which patients with ARDS are more likely to have a higher survival rate?

    <p>Surgical and trauma patients without direct lung injury</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which parameter of lung injury has little additional value in predicting ARDS mortality?

    <p>Level of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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