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Questions and Answers
What factors were studied in relation to the small species of primate?
What factors were studied in relation to the small species of primate?
The relationship among vision, foraging for food, and fitness.
How is evolutionary fitness typically measured?
How is evolutionary fitness typically measured?
By reproductive success or the number of offspring produced.
Which population is likely to have the highest frequency of heterozygotes?
Which population is likely to have the highest frequency of heterozygotes?
Population 3.
What is the frequency of animals in population 1 that carry both alleles 1 and 3?
What is the frequency of animals in population 1 that carry both alleles 1 and 3?
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What is the predicted effect on population 2 after a sudden habitat change?
What is the predicted effect on population 2 after a sudden habitat change?
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Why might population 2 be severely affected by the habitat change?
Why might population 2 be severely affected by the habitat change?
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Which animal has the greatest number of sequence differences from the reference animal?
Which animal has the greatest number of sequence differences from the reference animal?
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Study Notes
Evolutionary Fitness and Allele Frequencies
- Researchers examined three isolated primate populations affected by habitat destruction, focusing on vision and foraging.
- Each population is analyzed for the frequency of three alleles of a gene responsible for opsin proteins, critical for color vision, sensitive to specific light wavelengths.
- Results indicate significant differences in allele frequencies among the populations, corroborated by non-overlapping error bars.
Measures of Evolutionary Fitness
- Evolutionary fitness often measured by reproductive success or offspring produced, highlighting the importance of survival and reproduction in natural selection.
Graph Construction and Analysis
- A well-structured graph features correctly labeled axes where the y-axis indicates "Frequency" and the x-axis shows "Alleles."
- Frequency bars corresponding to each allele should be plotted adjacent for visual comparison among populations.
Heterozygote Frequencies
- Population 3 is likely to show the highest frequency of heterozygotes due to similar frequencies of all alleles present.
- The calculation for the frequency of animals in population 1 carrying alleles 1 and 3 results in 30%, using the formula 2(pq) where p and q represent allele frequencies.
Habitat Change Predictions
- A significant habitat alteration predicts a decline in population 2, resulting from difficulties in finding food sources due to less diverse vegetation and insects.
- Genetic analysis reveals population 2 possesses the least genetic diversity in opsin alleles, potentially limiting their color vision and food identification capabilities.
Phylogenetic Analysis of Elephants and Mammoths
- Cytochrome b DNA sequences analyzed from African elephants, Asian elephants, and woolly mammoths for phylogenetic relationships.
- An outgroup, dugongs, aids in comparing mitochondrial sequences, informing evolutionary lineage connections.
Sequence Differences Identification
- Elephas-2 exhibits the most sequence differences (13) from the reference African elephant, highlighting genetic divergence within elephant species over time.
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Description
Test your knowledge on AP Biology Unit 7 with these flashcards. The focus is on the relationship between vision, foraging, and fitness within primate populations impacted by habitat destruction. Perfect for AP exam preparation.
