Anemia Types: Iron Deficiency vs Thalassemia

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Questions and Answers

What is the effect of giving iron to a patient with Thalassemia?

It will improve their anemia.

It will cure the underlying condition.

It can lead to fatal complications. (correct)

It will have no effect on their symptoms.

What characterizes the reticulocyte count in nutritional anemia?

It is elevated after treatment starts.

It indicates the severity of the anemia.

It is normal until treatment begins. (correct)

It is consistently low in all cases.

Which test helps differentiate iron deficiency anemia (IDA) from Thalassemia?

Vitamin B12 levels.

Complete blood count.

Iron indices. (correct)

Blood gas analysis.

What happens to TIBC in a patient with iron deficiency anemia?

It increases due to empty transport protein spaces. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a symptom of anemia in Thalassemia?

Symptoms are usually mild. Signup and view all the answers

What is expected in the bone marrow of a person with iron deficiency anemia?

Decreased sideroblasts. Signup and view all the answers

What is the serum iron level typically like in iron deficiency anemia?

Decreased alongside ferritin. Signup and view all the answers

What role does iron play in the context of heme and globin defects?

Iron can cause a heme defect if not managed correctly. Signup and view all the answers

What generally occurs when treatment for anemia in Thalassemia begins?

Normal reticulocyte count remains unchanged. Signup and view all the answers

What MCHC and MCV values are typically associated with iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and thalassemia?

Decreased MCHC and MCV Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is identified by increased MCHC and MCV?

Pernicious anemia Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic MCHC and MCV finding in conditions with decreased iron levels?

Hypochromic and microcytic Signup and view all the answers

What role does erythropoietin play in hematopoiesis?

It initiates the process of mitosis and growth Signup and view all the answers

Which type of anemia is characterized by normal MCHC and MCV?

Normochromic, normocytic anemia Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary growth factor needed for mitosis in cell division?

Erythropoietin Signup and view all the answers

Which condition shows divergence in MCHC and MCV values, with decreased MCV and increased MCHC?

Spherocytosis Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes macrocytic anemia?

Decreased MCHC and increased MCV Signup and view all the answers

In spherocytosis, what is typically noted regarding the central pallor?

Absence of central pallor Signup and view all the answers

Which type of anemia is often correlated with chronic inflammation?

Chronic disease anemia Signup and view all the answers

What is the likely diagnosis for the child with easy fatigability and a peripheral blood smear definitive for iron deficiency anemia?

Fe deficiency anemia Signup and view all the answers

In thalassemia, what is a common finding in the reticulocyte count due to compensatory mechanisms?

High reticulocyte count Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic finding differentiates iron deficiency anemia from thalassemia based on bone marrow response?

Normal bone marrow Signup and view all the answers

What can be inferred from a high mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and high mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) in a patient?

Megaloblastic anemia Signup and view all the answers

In which type of anemia is there typically a history of hospitalization due to complications?

Thalassemia Signup and view all the answers

What indicates that the anemia is likely megaloblastic in nature?

Presence of multiple-lobed neutrophils Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary defect in von Willebrand’s Disease?

Deficiency of von Willebrand factor (vWF) Signup and view all the answers

Which laboratory finding is typically elevated in patients with von Willebrand’s Disease?

Activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of a defect in Glycoprotein Ib in Bernard Soulier Syndrome?

Defective adhesion to von Willebrand factor Signup and view all the answers

In Glanzmann Thrombasthenia, what is primarily defective?

Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the bleeding tendency in von Willebrand’s Disease?

Mild and often unnoticed until surgery Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of aspirin on platelet function?

Inhibits platelet function Signup and view all the answers

Which deficiency is common in liver disease regarding clotting factors?

All factors except Factor VIII Signup and view all the answers

Deficiency of vitamin K affects which factors?

Factors II, VII, IX, X Signup and view all the answers

What is a major clinical manifestation of uremia affecting platelet function?

Deficiency of platelet factor III Signup and view all the answers

In terms of bleeding conditions, which of the following correctly describes the absence of petechial hemorrhages?

Found in Bernard Soulier Syndrome Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes relative polycythemia?

Decrease in fluid portion of the blood Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a symptom of polycythemia vera (PCV)?

Pruritus after a bath Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between primary polycythemia and secondary polycythemia?

Erythropoietin levels are normal or decreased in primary Signup and view all the answers

What is a common complication associated with polycythemia vera?

Distention of veins due to blood stagnation Signup and view all the answers

Which condition can cause secondary polycythemia?

Tumor secretion of erythropoietin Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of increased red cell mass on blood pressure?

Increased blood pressure from enhanced blood volume Signup and view all the answers

What physiological response is associated with high altitudes leading to secondary polycythemia?

Increased erythropoietin production Signup and view all the answers

How does absolute polycythemia affect blood flow?

Enhances blood viscosity and may impede flow Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of pruritus in polycythemia vera?

High levels of histamine due to basophilia Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly describes absolute polycythemia?

Can be linked to physiological responses to oxygen deprivation Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Iron Deficiency Anemia VS Thalassemia

Iron therapy can cure Iron Deficiency Anemia but it can be fatal for Thalassemia
Iron deficiency leads to a defect in heme production
Thalassemia leads to a defect in globin production
In Thalassemia, the bone marrow attempts to compensate for the defect by producing abnormal red blood cells, leading to hemolysis, jaundice, and increased iron levels
Patients with thalassemia often have a history of hospitalization
Patients with iron deficiency anemia typically have normal bone marrow function and a normal reticulocyte count

Iron Deficiency Anemia

Iron deficiency is characterized by decreased serum iron and ferritin levels
In iron deficiency, there is an elevated total iron binding capacity (TIBC)

Anemia

Anemia is a condition characterized by a decrease in red blood cell count or hemoglobin levels
Symptoms of anemia can be mild and may be corrected with treatment of the underlying condition
Anemia can be classified based on red blood cell size and hemoglobin concentration.

Megaloblastic Anemia

Megaloblastic anemia is characterized by large red blood cells (high MCV) and hyperchromic cells (high MCHC)
Megaloblastic anemia can be caused by vitamin B12 or folate deficiency.
A multiple-lobed neutrophil in a peripheral blood smear is a hallmark of megaloblastic anemia.

Hypochromic Microcytic Anemia

Hypochromic microcytic anemia can be caused by iron deficiency, thalassemia, or chronic inflammation
Hypochromic microcytic anemia can be diagnosed based on red blood cell indices (MCV, MCH, MCHC)

Iron Indices
Iron indices are used to differentiate between different types of anemia.
Increased TIBC indicates increased capacity to bind iron due to empty spaces on the transport protein.

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Description

Explore the differences between Iron Deficiency Anemia and Thalassemia in this informative quiz. Learn about their causes, symptoms, and treatments, including the effects of iron therapy. Perfect for medical students and those interested in hematology.