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Questions and Answers
What materials were columns made from later in ancient Greek architecture?
What materials were columns made from later in ancient Greek architecture?
Temples in ancient Greece were viewed as homes for the gods.
Temples in ancient Greece were viewed as homes for the gods.
True
What adjustments were made to columns as materials changed?
What adjustments were made to columns as materials changed?
Proportions and spacing
Temples in ancient Greece were considered homes for the ______.
Temples in ancient Greece were considered homes for the ______.
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Match the following column materials with the time period they were used:
Match the following column materials with the time period they were used:
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What is the time frame of the Hellenic Period in Ancient Greece?
What is the time frame of the Hellenic Period in Ancient Greece?
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Ancient Greece was known for having no significant philosophers.
Ancient Greece was known for having no significant philosophers.
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Name one type of influential figure that Ancient Greece was known for.
Name one type of influential figure that Ancient Greece was known for.
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The Hellenic Period is known for its abundance of thinkers, writers, warriors, artists, and __________.
The Hellenic Period is known for its abundance of thinkers, writers, warriors, artists, and __________.
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Match the following contributions of Ancient Greece with their descriptions:
Match the following contributions of Ancient Greece with their descriptions:
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Which of the following is the oldest classical order of architecture?
Which of the following is the oldest classical order of architecture?
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How many deeply carved flutes are found on the body of an Ionic column?
How many deeply carved flutes are found on the body of an Ionic column?
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The Doric order is associated with the use of impermanent materials such as wood.
The Doric order is associated with the use of impermanent materials such as wood.
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The Ionic column is shorter and more robust than the Doric column.
The Ionic column is shorter and more robust than the Doric column.
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What significant development in construction does the Doric order represent?
What significant development in construction does the Doric order represent?
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What is a defining characteristic of Doric columns?
What is a defining characteristic of Doric columns?
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The Doric order marks a significant moment in architectural history when monumental construction shifted from ______ materials to ______ materials.
The Doric order marks a significant moment in architectural history when monumental construction shifted from ______ materials to ______ materials.
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What is the height-to-diameter ratio of an Ionic column?
What is the height-to-diameter ratio of an Ionic column?
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Match the classical orders with their characteristic:
Match the classical orders with their characteristic:
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Doric columns are the most decorative of the Greek architectural styles.
Doric columns are the most decorative of the Greek architectural styles.
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The Ionic column has __________ edges separating the flutes.
The Ionic column has __________ edges separating the flutes.
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Match the following column styles with their characteristics:
Match the following column styles with their characteristics:
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What is the main feature of the top of Doric columns?
What is the main feature of the top of Doric columns?
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Doric columns are known for being the _______ and thickest of the Greek styles.
Doric columns are known for being the _______ and thickest of the Greek styles.
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Match the following characteristics to Doric columns:
Match the following characteristics to Doric columns:
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What materials were primarily used to make the paints in ancient Greek architecture?
What materials were primarily used to make the paints in ancient Greek architecture?
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The Greeks did not focus on the structural integrity of their temples.
The Greeks did not focus on the structural integrity of their temples.
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What inexpensive resources did the Greeks use for paints?
What inexpensive resources did the Greeks use for paints?
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The Greeks paid great attention to the _____________ of their temples.
The Greeks paid great attention to the _____________ of their temples.
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Match the following aspects of ancient Greek architecture:
Match the following aspects of ancient Greek architecture:
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Study Notes
Ancient Greece (Greek Era)
- The Greek era (Ancient Greece) was a significant period in history, marked by advancements in various fields
- Thinkers, writers, warriors, artists, architects, and painters flourished during this time
- Philosophers known throughout human history emerged during this period
- Human settlement in Greece dates back approximately 40,000 years
- Early life focused on hunting and agriculture
- Minoan civilization, centered on Crete, marked the beginning of Greek civilization
- Hellas was the original name for the land, before being identified as the Greeks and Greece
- The name "Greeks" was derived from the Garekoi Tribe
- Yawon refers to the southern coast of Asia Minor
- The name "Greece" was adopted later by the Arabs
Hellenic Period (Ancient Greek) 1200-323 BC
- Ancient Greece was one of the most important ancient societies, known for its abundance of thinkers and creators
- Greek culture spread extensively across various regions, including Italy and France
- Ancient Greeks learned from civilizations that predated them, such as the Pharaonic and Phoenician civilizations
Pythagoras - Mathematician
- Pythagoras was a prominent mathematician
- Famous quote: "Anger begins with stupidity and ends with regret. Anxiety is supposed to push us to work, not to depression, because who cannot control himself is not free. Friends are like traveling companions; they should help each other persevere on the path to a happier life. There is nothing easy that does not become difficult when you do it under duress."
- He highlighted math (geometry)
Hippocrates - Doctor
- Known as the father of medicine
- Famous saying: "We eat to live, not to live to eat. Everything in excess is against nature. Before you heal someone, ask them if they are willing to give up the things that make them sick. Make it a habit to do two things: offer help, or at least do no harm."
Euclid - Mathematician
- Considered the father of geometry
- Famous saying: "The laws of nature are but the mathematical thought of God."
Archimedes - Mathematician
- One of the greatest mathematicians in history
- Famous quotes:
- A person always learns from his past; we cannot study history the other way around.
- Rise above yourself and understand the world.
- He knows how to talk, who knows when to be silent.
Homer - Poet and Writer
- Famous quote: "Of all the creatures that breathe and move on earth, none is born weaker than human."
Plato - Philosopher
- Famous quotes:
- Love is blind.
- Give and you will receive.
- The greatest victory a man can win is victory over himself.
- The important thing is not to live, but to live well.
Aristotle - Philosopher
- Famous quotes:
- Who is no longer your friend was never your friend.
- Happiness comes from within ourselves, not from others.
- The worst of people is who, through his immorality, harms both himself and others.
Socrates - Philosopher
- Famous quotes:
- Who is not satisfied with what he has will never be satisfied with what he wishes to have.
- He gave us two ears, two eyes, and one tongue, which indicates that we must listen and see more than we speak.
- Be kind to everyone you meet; each of us has his own difficult battle.
- Life is not a search for the self, but a journey to create the self. Create something of yourself that is difficult to imitate.
Greek Architectural Style
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The Greeks excelled in creating awe-inspiring structures
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Columns, the most distinctive architectural elements, were categorized into three distinct orders
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Doric:
- Oldest of the three orders
- Characterized by a simple, undecorated column base
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Ionic
- Appeared around 450 BC, originating in central Anatolia (modern-day Turkey)
- Characterized by volutes, deeply carved flutes, and a graceful appearance
- More elegant than Doric
- Also known for its more slender and taller construction
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Corinthian
- Most elaborate of the three orders
- Characterized by scrolling ornamentation, acanthus leaves, and spiral rosettes
- More elaborate and decorated than the other two
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Greek temples were considered masterpieces of architecture showcasing impressive aspects like proportions and symmetry
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They employed local materials like sandstone and limestone in construction
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Temples were dedicated for worshipping the gods
Furniture in the Greek Era
- Greek furniture is showcased through art, including pottery and sculptures
- Wood, particularly oak, maple, cedar, boxwood, olive, citron, and beech, were widely used
- Metal, such as bronze, copper, and iron, were also used for decorative elements, especially among wealthiest
- The Klismos Chair, a distinctive piece of Greek furniture, is admired for its graceful design and comfort
Modern Furniture Inspired by the Greek Era
- Contemporary furniture designs often draw inspiration from the refined elegance and structural integrity of Greek architectural aesthetics
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Description
Explore the rich history of Ancient Greece, from the early Minoan civilization to the flourishing of philosophy, art, and architecture during the Hellenic period. Discover how this era shaped modern culture and society, and learn about the significant contributions of Greek thinkers and creators. Test your knowledge about pivotal events and figures in Ancient Greece.
