Anatomy of Speech and Muscle Function
41 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the primary action of the outer layer of the masseter muscle?

  • Pulls the mandible forward
  • Pulls the mandible upward (correct)
  • Pulls the mandible backward
  • Pulls the mandible downward

    • Which muscle primarily contributes to the downward and forward movement of the mandible?

  • External pterygoid (correct)
  • Masseter
  • Internal pterygoid
  • Temporalis

    • How do the actions of the internal pterygoid and masseter muscles interact?

  • They work independently of each other.
  • They create a sling that stabilizes the mandible. (correct)
  • They only assist with upward jaw movements.
  • They pull the mandible completely backward.

    • What is the function of the geniohyoid muscle concerning the mandible?

    <p>It pulls the mandible down while the hyoid bone is fixed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which action determines the quality of vowels during speech?

    <p>The positioning of the tongue and opening of the jaw</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the pharynx in the context of resonance?

    <p>To regulate airflow and enhance sound quality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bones contribute to the nasal cavity's lateral walls?

    <p>Superior, middle, and inferior nasal conchae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do the conchae play in the nasal cavity?

    <p>They trap and warm inhaled air</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines the structure of the velum?

    <p>Covered in muscle fibers with connective tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about the nasal septum is correct?

    <p>It separates the nasal cavities and is cartilage in the front</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about resonance in speech is false?

    <p>It is solely determined by the shape of the oral cavity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What parts does the oropharynx contain?

    <p>Palatine tonsils and lingual tonsil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is primarily influenced by the degree of velopharyngeal closure?

    <p>Velopharyngeal-nasal airway resistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which variable describes the adjustments that affect speech and breathing within the velopharyngeal-nasal system?

    <p>Impedance to sound transmission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does velopharyngeal sphincter compression primarily serve during speech?

    <p>Preventing air leakage into the nasal cavity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is NOT a component of velopharyngeal-nasal airway resistance?

    <p>The alignment of the jaw</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is velopharyngeal-nasal airway resistance affected by the speed of airflow?

    <p>Resistance decreases with higher airflow speeds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs when the velopharyngeal port is fully closed?

    <p>Air flows exclusively through the mouth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of speech production, what happens during insufficient velopharyngeal sphincter compression?

    <p>Air may leak into the nasal cavity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the relationship between nasal passages and velopharyngeal-nasal airway resistance?

    <p>Narrower nasal passages increase resistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main consequence of partially closing the velopharyngeal port during speech?

    <p>Altered airflow through the nasal cavity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which intrinsic muscle of the tongue is responsible for pulling the tip upward?

    <p>Superior Longitudinal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the Genioglossus muscle?

    <p>It protrudes the tongue out of the mouth.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle originates from the hyoid bone and inserts into the lower surface of the tongue tip?

    <p>Inferior Longitudinal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which extrinsic muscle assists in separating the oral cavity from the nasal cavity?

    <p>Palatoglossus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What action does the Vertical muscle of the tongue perform?

    <p>It flattens the tongue.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following muscles can draw the tongue body upward and backward?

    <p>Hyoglossus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What primarily determines the level of compressive force in the velopharyngeal area?

    <p>Velopharyngeal muscles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which intrinsic tongue muscle is primarily responsible for narrowing and elongating the tongue?

    <p>Transverse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the insertion point of the Styloglossus muscle?

    <p>Sides of the root of the tongue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true regarding velopharyngeal-nasal acoustic impedance?

    <p>Low impedance allows for productions like /m/, /n/, and /ŋ/</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which action does the contraction of the Hyoglossus muscle primarily accomplish?

    <p>Draws the tongue backward</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle type is responsible for the movements of the tongue during speech?

    <p>Intrinsic and extrinsic muscles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Transverse muscle of the tongue originates from which specific anatomical structure?

    <p>Median fibrous skeleton</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary effect of the velopharyngeal port status on sound production?

    <p>It is the most important determinant of impedance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does muscular pressure affect the force in the velopharyngeal area?

    <p>More muscular pressure leads to more force</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does dentition have in speech?

    <p>Essential for articulation and cheweing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor does NOT influence velopharyngeal-nasal acoustic impedance?

    <p>Tongue position</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For which speech sounds is low velopharyngeal-nasal impedance particularly essential?

    <p>/m/, /n/, and /ŋ/</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What requires the application of varying levels of compressive force?

    <p>Different speech tasks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes the intrinsic muscles of the tongue?

    <p>Muscles that change the tongue's shape</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Skeletal Framework

    • These bones form part of the velopharyngeal system—the soft palate system
    • Many muscles are attached to these bones

    Cranial Bones

    • Temporal (2)
    • Parietal (2)
    • Occipital (1)
    • Frontal (1)
    • Sphenoid (1)
    • Ethmoid (1)

    Facial Bones

    • Maxillary (2)
    • Palatine (2)
    • Vomer (1)
    • Inferior nasal concha (2)
    • Lacrimal (2)
    • Nasal (2)
    • Zygomatic (2)
    • Mandible (1)

    Nasal Cavities

    • Two chambers separated by the nasal septum
    • Septum is cartilage in the front, bone in the back
    • Floor is the hard palate
    • Lateral walls are shaped by the conchae, curled and convoluted bones
    • Rich blood supply
    • Nasal vestibule at the front
    • Provide turbulence

    Pharynx

    • Opening of the oropharynx is through the faucial isthmus
    • Bounded by anterior faucial pillars
    • Contains the palatine tonsils and lingual tonsil

    Velum

    • Composed of the soft palate and uvula
    • Covered with connective tissue
    • Muscle fibers mostly concentrated in the middle portion, scarce at the front and back

    Resonance

    • Refers to the enhancement or amplification of sounds based on cavities like the oral, nasal, and pharynx
    • The cavity and modification of sound creates a unique tone and quality

    Velopharyngeal-Nasal Control Variables

    • Describe adjustments within the velopharyngeal-nasal system
    • Include resistance to airflow, sphincter closure force, and sound transmission impedance

    Velopharyngeal-Nasal Airway Resistance

    • Opposition to airflow in the velopharyngeal-nasal airway
    • Measured by the degree of velopharyngeal closure, nasal passage size, and surrounding tissues stiffness
    • Higher resistance means velopharyngeal port is partially closed

    Velopharyngeal Sphincter Compression

    • The muscles of the velopharyngeal port close the passage between oral and nasal cavities
    • Necessary for preventing air leakage during speech, especially during oral sounds

    Velopharyngeal-Nasal Acoustic Impedance

    • Resistance to sound energy flow within the system
    • Determined by velopharyngeal closure, nasal passage status, and degree of opening

    Mandible, Maxilla, and Dentition

    • Detailed anatomical labels and descriptions provided

    Muscles of the Tongue

    • Categorizes muscles as intrinsic (within the tongue) and extrinsic (attached to external structures)
    • Names and describes specific intrinsic and extrinsic muscles and their functions for speech movements

    Muscles of the Jaw (Mandible)

    • Muscles involved in jaw movement (masseter, temporalis, internal pterygoid, external pterygoid, digastric, mylohyoid, geniohyoid)
    • Functional details for each muscle included

    Overview of Coordinated Movements for Speech:

    • Details the relationship between tongue position, jaw opening, and vowel quality
    • Descriptions of tongue blade movement for consonants like /t/,/d/,/n/,/l/ and tongue dorsum for /k/, and /g/

    Development

    • Describes the anatomical changes in the oral structures and motor systems during growth and development
    • Focuses on the mandible, lips, teeth, pharynx, and tongue movement development from newborn to adult

    Additional Notes

    • Multiple diagrams and descriptions aid understanding.
    • Focuses on anatomical structures and their functions.

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Related Documents

    Resonance (1) PDF - Anatomy

    Description

    This quiz focuses on the anatomy and function of muscles involved in speech production and resonance, including the masseter, pterygoid, and geniohyoid muscles. Explore how these structures interact and affect speech quality, as well as the anatomy of the nasal cavity and pharynx. Test your knowledge on critical aspects of vocal anatomy and speech mechanisms.

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser