Anatomy of Breathing 1: The Lungs
34 Questions
3 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the pleura during breathing?

  • To enhance the elasticity of lung tissue
  • To direct airflow into the lungs
  • To reduce friction during breathing (correct)
  • To increase the volume of the thoracic cavity

    • Which layer of the pleura adheres directly to the lung tissue?

  • Serous membrane
  • Visceral pleura (correct)
  • Pleural cavity
  • Parietal pleura

    • How does the structure of the pleural cavity contribute to lung function?

  • It creates a negative pressure that aids in lung inflation (correct)
  • It supports the thoracic cage during movement
  • It stores oxygen for lung expansion
  • It separates the left and right lungs completely

    • What effect does the level of surfactant have on lung physiology?

    <p>It helps in lung expansion and prevents collapse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which function is NOT performed by the pleura?

    <p>Allowing for the storage of respiratory gases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the conical shape of the lungs mainly characterized by?

    <p>A soft and spongy texture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which surface of the lung is adjacent to the ribs?

    <p>Costal surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity?

    <p>The diaphragm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many lobes does the left lung have?

    <p>Two</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is unique about the right lung compared to the left lung?

    <p>It contains a horizontal fissure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the hilum of the lung located?

    <p>On the mediastinal surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is meant by the term 'compliance' in relation to the lungs?

    <p>The ability to expand</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of fissure does the left lung have?

    <p>Oblique fissure only</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the external intercostal muscles during inspiration?

    <p>To elevate the ribs and increase the anteroposterior diameter of the thorax</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle is NOT typically involved in forced expiration?

    <p>Sternocleidomastoid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During quiet expiration, which statement is true regarding the diaphragm?

    <p>It relaxes, leading to a rise in intra-abdominal pressure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following muscles assists in both forced inspiration and expiration?

    <p>Internal intercostal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the abdominal muscles during forced expiration?

    <p>To contract and compress the abdomen, increasing pressure on the diaphragm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs during inspiration?

    <p>Air moves into the lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle is primarily responsible for the increase in vertical diameter of the thoracic cavity during inspiration?

    <p>Diaphragm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the AP diameter of the thorax increased during breathing?

    <p>By the elevation of the ribs at the sternal end</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of thoracic capacity increase does the elevation of the ribs contribute during inspiration?

    <p>25%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens during expiration?

    <p>Intrapulmonary pressure exceeds atmospheric pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which option describes the movement of ribs that resembles a bucket handle?

    <p>Elevation of the ribs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes forced inspiration compared to quiet inspiration?

    <p>It typically involves additional muscles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes quiet expiration?

    <p>It is mainly a passive process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct sequence for the components of the sternum?

    <p>Manubrium, Body, Xiphisternum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many true pairs of ribs are there in the bony thorax?

    <p>7 pairs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which intercostal muscles make up the middle layer of the intercostal spaces?

    <p>Internal intercostals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of ribs are not directly attached to the sternum?

    <p>Both B and C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure articulates with the tubercle of a rib?

    <p>Transverse process of the thoracic vertebra</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements accurately describes the movement of the external intercostal muscles?

    <p>Fibres run downwards and forwards</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the ribs is attached to the thoracic vertebrae?

    <p>Head</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do the intercostal vessels and nerves course within the thoracic wall?

    <p>Between the internal intercostal and innermost intercostal muscles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Anatomy of Breathing 1: The Lungs

    • Lungs are located in the thorax, separated by the mediastinum and heart.
    • They extend from the neck to the diaphragm.
    • The diaphragm separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities.
    • Lungs are conical in shape with a soft, spongy texture.
    • The apex of the lung is above the clavicle (in the neck).
    • The diaphragmatic surface (base) of the lung rests on the diaphragm.
    • The costal surface of the lung lies adjacent to the ribs.
    • The mediastinal surface of the lung faces the mediastinum.

    Right Lung

    • Wider and shorter than the left lung.
    • Has three lobes (superior, middle, inferior).
    • Has two fissures (oblique and horizontal).

    Left Lung

    • Narrower and longer than the right lung.
    • Has two lobes (superior, inferior).
    • Has one fissure (oblique).

    Hilum of the Lung

    • Located on the mediastinal surface of the lung.
    • The area where the pulmonary vessels, bronchi, bronchial vessels, lymphatics, and nerves enter or leave the lung.

    Physical Properties of the Lungs

    • Compliance (distensibility): The lung's ability to expand, affected by connective tissue structure, surfactant level, and thoracic cage mobility.
    • Elasticity: Elastic tissue allows lung expansion during inspiration and recoil during expiration.
    • Surfactant: A substance that reduces surface tension in the alveoli, improving lung compliance.

    The Pleura

    • A double-layered serous membrane.
    • Visceral pleura: Adheres to the lung.
    • Parietal pleura: Attaches to the thoracic wall and diaphragm.
    • The pleural cavity is a potential space between the parietal and visceral layers, containing a thin layer of serous fluid. This fluid reduces friction during breathing.

    Pleural Membranes and Cavities

    • Diagram illustrating the pleural membranes.

    Inferior View of Thorax

    • Diagram depicting the inferior view of the thorax, highlighting the pleura and pleural cavity.

    Functions of the Pleura

    • Reduce friction during breathing.
    • Create a pressure gradient aiding ventilation.
    • Compartmentalize the lungs, reducing infection spread.

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Related Documents

    Anatomy of Breathing 1 PDF
    Anatomy of Breathing 2 PDF
    Anatomy of Breathing 2 PDF

    Description

    This quiz explores the anatomy of the lungs, including their structure, location, and functions. You'll learn about the differences between the right and left lungs, the lobes they contain, and the hilum's significance. Perfect for students studying respiratory anatomy!

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser