Anatomy of Breathing 2 PDF
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Manchester
Niggy Gouldsborough
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Summary
This presentation details the anatomy of breathing, focusing on the thoracic wall. It covers the bony thorax, sternum, ribs, and thoracic vertebrae. It also discusses intercostal muscles, blood vessels, and the diaphragm, providing a detailed look at human respiratory system anatomy.
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Anatomy of Breathing 2 Thoracic wall Niggy Gouldsborough Bony Thorax Forms the skeleton of the chest wall Consists of Sternum Ribs (12 pair) Thoracic vertebrae (12) The Sternum Breast bone Consists of manubrium Manubrium Body Xiphiste...
Anatomy of Breathing 2 Thoracic wall Niggy Gouldsborough Bony Thorax Forms the skeleton of the chest wall Consists of Sternum Ribs (12 pair) Thoracic vertebrae (12) The Sternum Breast bone Consists of manubrium Manubrium Body Xiphisternum (not shown) body (Gosling et. al., Ribs head Attached by the head and tubercle to the tubercle thoracic vertebrae Slope downwards and forwards shaft Ribs 1-10 attached by costal cartilage to the sternum 7 pairs true 3 pairs false 2 floating Thoracic Vertebrae transverse process body Head of rib articulates with the body of the thoracic vertebra Tubercle of rib articulates with the transverse process of the thoracic vertebra Intercostal Muscles Span the spaces between the ribs (intercostal spaces) External intercostal muscles -superficial layer Internal intercostal muscles – middle layer Innermost intercostal muscles – deep layer external internal lateral view (Gosling et al, 2018) Intercostal muscles External intercostals: Fibres run downwards and forwards Internal intercostals: Fibres run downwards and backwards (Ashton, 2015) Intercostal Vessels and Nerves nerve artery Course in the intercostal spaces vein between the internal intercostal and innermost intercostal muscles external intercostal Supply the muscles, adjacent skin muscle and pleura internal & innermost (Drake et. al., 2018) intercostal muscles Diaphragm Separates the thorax from the abdomen Dome-shaped skeletal muscle with a central tendon A Attached to the xiphisternum, costal margin, 11th & 12th ribs, and the lumbar (Gosling et al, 2018) vertebrae Openings for the inferior vena cava, oesophagus & aorta Fibrous pericardium fused to central tendon Innervated by the phrenic nerve (Moore et. al., 2018) Diaphragm Costal margin and 11th &12th ribs Xiphisternum Inferior vena cava Oesophagus Aorta Right & left crus Arise from lumbar vertebrae Gray, H. Anatomy of Human Body 1918. Bartelby.com, 2000
