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Questions and Answers
Which movement involves a decrease in the joint angle?
What anatomical term refers to a linear backward movement toward the midline?
Which motion involves a combination of flexion, abduction, extension, and adduction?
What term describes the movement away from the midline of the body?
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If the anterior surface moves outward away from the midline, it is known as what type of rotation?
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When the shoulder joint is flexed to 90 degrees and then adducted, it is known as what movement?
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What is the term for a linear forward movement away from the midline?
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What type of movement involves the bending of one bone on another, causing a decrease in the joint angle?
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Which movement is characterized by a linear backward movement toward the midline?
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What is the term for the movement toward the midline of the body?
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Which anatomical term describes motion that involves a circular, cone-shaped pattern?
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What does internal rotation involve?
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What is the primary difference between horizontal abduction and horizontal adduction?
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Which term describes a straightening movement of one bone from another that causes an increase in the joint angle?
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When the shoulder joint is flexed to 90 degrees and then adducted, what is this movement called?
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In Lateral Flexion, which way does the trunk or neck bend?
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What type of movement involves a combination of flexion, abduction, extension, and adduction?
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Study Notes
Body Positions
- The body is in the prone position when lying facedown.
Regional Terms
- Neck, trunk, head, lower limbs, upper limbs, chest, abdomen, umbilicus, pelvis, shoulder, upper limb, arm, elbow, forearm, wrist, lower limb, buttocks, leg, thigh, knee, ankle, and foot are regional terms used to describe body parts.
Directional Terms
- Anterior refers to the front of the body or a position closer to the front than another.
- Posterior refers to the back of the body or a position more to the back.
- Medial refers to a location or position toward the midline.
- Lateral refers to a location or position farther from the midline.
- Superior refers to a location or position above another or the upper surface of an organ or structure.
- Inferior refers to a location or position below another or the lower surface of an organ or structure.
- Proximal refers to a location or position closer to the root of the limb.
- Distal refers to a location or position farther from the root of the limb.
- Intermediate refers to a location or position between two structures.
- Superficial refers to a location or structure closer to the surface of the body.
- Deep refers to a location or structure farther from the surface of the body.
- Ipsilateral refers to the same side of the body.
- Contralateral refers to opposite sides of the body.
Anatomical Terms - Joints
- A joint is a site where two or more bones come together.
- Joints can have no movement, slight movement, or be freely movable.
- Joints can move in many different directions, producing movements of body limbs and structures.
Anatomical Terms - Movements
- Flexion is the bending movement of one bone on another, causing a decrease in the joint angle.
- Extension is the straightening movement of one bone from another, causing an increase in the joint angle.
- Abduction is the movement away from the midline of the body.
- Adduction is the movement toward the midline of the body.
- Horizontal abduction is the movement of the shoulder joint when flexed to 90 degrees and then abducted.
- Horizontal adduction is the movement of the shoulder joint when flexed to 90 degrees and then adducted.
- Protraction is a linear forward movement away from the midline.
- Retraction is a linear backward movement toward the midline.
- Internal rotation is the movement of the anterior surface inward toward the midline.
- External rotation is the movement of the anterior surface outward away from the midline.
- Circumduction is a motion that describes a circular, cone-shaped pattern, involving a combination of four joint motions: flexion, abduction, extension, and adduction.
- Lateral flexion is the bending of the trunk or neck to the lateral side, either to the right or left.
- Rotation is the movement of the trunk or neck, either to the right or left.
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Description
Test your knowledge on body positions, regional terms, and directional terms used in anatomy. Identify the prone position, specific regional terms for different body parts, and directional terms like anterior-posterior, medial-lateral, etc.
