CORE Anatomy
43 Questions
1 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

Which type of staining is utilized for cell parts with a negative net charge?

  • Fluorescent staining
  • Silver staining
  • Eosin staining
  • Basic dye staining (correct)

What classification of muscle is characterized by striations and intercalated disks?

  • Smooth muscle
  • Cardiac muscle (correct)
  • Skeletal muscle
  • Voluntary muscle

Which type of cartilage is known for being smooth and found in joints?

  • Elastic cartilage
  • Fibrous cartilage
  • Osteochondral cartilage
  • Hyaline cartilage (correct)

Which staining technique uses antibodies to visualize specific components?

<p>Fluorescent staining (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the simplest classification of epithelial tissue?

<p>Simple and flat (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the prefix in medical terminology typically indicate?

<p>Location or quantity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which anatomical term refers to the position of being closer to the midline of the body?

<p>Medial (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which anatomical movement describes the action of moving a limb in a circular motion?

<p>Circumduction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the cranial cavity?

<p>Contains the brain and spinal cord (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which anatomical plane divides the body into left and right sections?

<p>Sagittal (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the anatomical term 'superficial'?

<p>Closer to the surface (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the basic anatomical position, how are the palms of the hands oriented?

<p>Facing upward (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these systems is NOT one of the 11 anatomical body systems?

<p>Biochemical system (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the diaphragm in relation to the abdominal cavity?

<p>Separates various cavities (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of joint allows movement in multiple axes?

<p>Ball &amp; socket joint (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of retroperitoneal structures?

<p>External to the peritoneum (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the heart's protective structure is the outermost?

<p>Fibrous layer (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of capillaries in the circulatory system?

<p>Facilitate gas exchange (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cartilage is known for being hard and providing shock absorption?

<p>Fibrocartilage (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which chamber of the heart collects deoxygenated blood from the body?

<p>Right atrium (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes smooth muscle from skeletal muscle?

<p>Involuntary control (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which artery carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs?

<p>Pulmonary trunk (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of bone is found embedded in tendons and aids in movement?

<p>Sesamoid bones (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the cerebrum?

<p>Making executive decisions and storing memories (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the brain serves as a relay and processing center?

<p>Thalamus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the hypothalamus primarily control?

<p>Regulates emotions and hormone production (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are biopsies used to diagnose?

<p>Kidney disease and cancer (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the process of preparing tissue for light microscopy, what is the purpose of dehydrating the tissue?

<p>To facilitate embedding in wax (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of sectioning involves cutting along the longest direction of the tissue?

<p>Longitudinal sectioning (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct order of steps to prepare tissue for light microscopy?

<p>Remove, dehydrate, embed, section (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What best describes the role of the autonomic nervous system (ANS)?

<p>Operates without conscious control (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which gland is part of the endocrine system and involved in hormone production?

<p>Pituitary gland (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary structure that contains collections of neuron cell bodies in the central nervous system?

<p>Nucleus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the coronary arteries?

<p>Circulating oxygenated blood to the heart muscle (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure serves as the root of the lung?

<p>Hilum (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does the diaphragm play in the respiratory system?

<p>Helps with breathing (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function of the lymphatic system?

<p>Producing blood (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the relationship between the urethra and the bladder?

<p>Urethra transports urine outside the body (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of the nephron in the kidneys?

<p>Filter blood and produce urine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of gland secretes hormones directly into the bloodstream?

<p>Endocrine glands (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the coronary sinus?

<p>Drains deoxygenated blood from the heart muscle (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which region is part of the upper urinary tract?

<p>Kidneys (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What separates the two hemispheres of the brain?

<p>Corpus callosum (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Oblique Sectioning

A cut made at an angle, intersecting two other perpendicular sections.

Basophilic Staining

Cell parts with a negative charge (anionic) that stain better with basic dyes.

Acidophilic Staining

Cell parts with many ionized amino groups that stain better with acidic dyes.

H&E Staining

A common staining technique that combines hematoxylin (basic) and eosin (acidic) dyes, resulting in a pink colour.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Types of Cartilage

There are three main types: hyaline (smooth for joints), fibrous (tough), and elastic (found in ears and nose).

Signup and view all the flashcards

Abdominopelvic Cavity

The combined space that includes the abdominal cavity and pelvic cavity. It is separated from the thoracic cavity by the diaphragm.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Peritoneum

A membrane that lines the abdominal cavity. Structures located within the peritoneum are called intraperitoneal, while those outside are retroperitoneal.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Skeletal Muscle

Muscles attached to bones or skin, responsible for voluntary movement. They are characterized by parallel bundles of fibers giving them a striated appearance.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Cardiac Muscle

Muscle found only in the heart and large vessels near the heart. It is involuntary, meaning you can't control it.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Smooth Muscle

Muscle found in the walls of hollow organs like the stomach and intestines. It lacks striations and is involuntary.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Long Bones

Bones typically found in the limbs, characterized by their length.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Short Bones

Bones that are as wide as they are long, providing stability. They are often found in the wrists and ankles.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Flat Bones

Bones that are broad and flat, serving as points for muscle attachment. Examples include the skull bones and scapula.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Synovial Joints

Joints characterized by a fluid-filled cavity, allowing for free movement. They comprise the majority of joints in the body.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Heart Chambers

The four chambers of the heart are the right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, and left ventricle. They work together to pump blood throughout the body.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Forebrain

The largest and most complex part of the brain, responsible for higher-level cognitive functions, including decision-making, memory, and movement.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Cerebrum

The main bulk of the brain, responsible for executive functions, memory, and voluntary movement.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Diencephalon

A region of the forebrain that contains the thalamus and hypothalamus, which play vital roles in sensory relay, hormone control, and emotional processing.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Thalamus

A relay center in the diencephalon that receives sensory information from various parts of the body and directs it to the appropriate areas of the cerebrum.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Hypothalamus

Controls emotions and produces hormones, such as those involved in hunger, thirst, body temperature, and sleep-wake cycles.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Midbrain

A relay center for visual and auditory information, involved in motor movement and eye movements.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Hindbrain

Contains the cerebellum, pons, and medulla oblongata, responsible for balance, coordination, and control of vital functions.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Cerebellum

Located in the hindbrain, controls posture, balance, and coordination of movement.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Pons and Medulla Oblongata

Relay centers connecting the spinal cord and cerebrum, controlling vital functions like breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Nucleus

A collection of neuron cell bodies located within the central nervous system (CNS).

Signup and view all the flashcards

What are the three word parts that make up medical terms?

Medical terms are built from three word parts: prefix, root, and suffix. The prefix is added to the beginning of a word, the root is the core meaning, and the suffix is added to the end.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What does the root of a medical term usually indicate?

The root of a medical term usually indicates the body part involved. This could be a specific organ, tissue, or system. It could also indicate color.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is the function of a prefix in a medical term?

A prefix is added to the beginning of a word to modify its meaning. It can indicate location, time, or number. It can also describe direction, quantity, size, and amount.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is the function of a suffix in a medical term?

A suffix is added to the end of a word and indicates the procedure, condition, disorder, or disease. It can also change the meaning of the word.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is the basic anatomical position?

The basic anatomical position is a standard reference point for describing the body. In this position, the body is standing upright with the feet together, arms at the sides, and palms facing forward.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What are the four main anatomical planes?

The four main anatomical planes are: sagittal (divides left and right), coronal (divides front and back), axial (divides top and bottom), and oblique (divides diagonally).

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is the difference between flexion and extension?

Flexion is decreasing the angle of a joint, while extension is increasing the angle of a joint.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What are the two main body cavities?

The two main body cavities are the thoracic cavity and the abdominopelvic cavity. The thoracic cavity contains the lungs and heart, while the abdominopelvic cavity contains the digestive organs, reproductive organs, and urinary organs.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What are the 3 parts of the Thorax?

The Thorax is composed of the right pleural cavity (lungs), left pleural cavity (lungs), and mediastinum.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What are the key functions of the Lymphatic System?

The lymphatic system drains excess fluid, produces and transports immune cells, fights pathogens, and transports lipids from the GI tract to blood.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What are the functions of the GI tract?

The GI tract's functions include ingestion, digestion, absorption, and defecation.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What are the two parts of the Urinary System?

The urinary system has an upper section consisting of the kidneys and ureters, and a lower section composed of the bladder and urethra.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What are the major structures of the Reproductive System?

The Reproductive System includes the ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, vagina, and external genitalia in females, and the testes, epididymis, vas deferens, prostate gland, and penis in males.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What are the two main parts of the Nervous System?

The nervous system is divided into the CNS which includes the brain and spinal cord, and the PNS which includes all nerves outside of the CNS.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What are the key differences between endocrine and exocrine glands?

Endocrine glands secrete hormones into the blood, while exocrine glands secrete substances to the outside of the body.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What are some major endocrine glands?

The major endocrine glands include the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, thyroid gland, parathyroid glands, adrenal glands, pancreas, ovaries (females), and testes (males).

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is the function of the Pleura?

The Pleura is a thin layer of tissue that surrounds the lungs and allows for smooth movement during breathing.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is the difference between the right and left lungs?

The right lung has 3 lobes while the left lung has 2 lobes. The right lung is shorter and wider, while the left lung has a distinct cardiac notch.

Signup and view all the flashcards

More Like This

Anatomy and Physiology Definitions
101 questions

Anatomy and Physiology Definitions

VirtuousConflict avatar
VirtuousConflict
Anatomy & Physiology Exam 1 Flashcards
34 questions

Anatomy & Physiology Exam 1 Flashcards

ProlificRetinalite5738 avatar
ProlificRetinalite5738
Anatomy and Physiology I Quiz #1
47 questions

Anatomy and Physiology I Quiz #1

GuiltlessCyan avatar
GuiltlessCyan
Anatomy and Physiology I - Basic Terminology
10 questions

Anatomy and Physiology I - Basic Terminology

BonnyStatueOfLiberty8607 avatar
BonnyStatueOfLiberty8607
Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Open
Browser
Browser