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Questions and Answers
What does the prefix syn- mean?
What does the prefix syn- mean?
What does the prefix malle- mean?
What does the prefix malle- mean?
What is a joint that is slightly movable classified as?
What is a joint that is slightly movable classified as?
What is the medical term for the cell that breaks down bone matrix?
What is the medical term for the cell that breaks down bone matrix?
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What term refers to the end of a long bone?
What term refers to the end of a long bone?
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What is a function of the skeletal system regarding calcium?
What is a function of the skeletal system regarding calcium?
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Sadie suffered a(n) __________ fracture after her fall.
Sadie suffered a(n) __________ fracture after her fall.
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Which structures allow nutrients to diffuse from the central canal to osteocytes?
Which structures allow nutrients to diffuse from the central canal to osteocytes?
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What step occurs first in embryonic development of most bones?
What step occurs first in embryonic development of most bones?
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Which of these bones is part of the axial skeleton?
Which of these bones is part of the axial skeleton?
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What causes the pain associated with a herniated disc?
What causes the pain associated with a herniated disc?
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What condition might a child like Hasan, who has bowed legs and muscle weakness, have?
What condition might a child like Hasan, who has bowed legs and muscle weakness, have?
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Match the following terms with their definitions:
Match the following terms with their definitions:
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What is the distinguishing feature of a synovial joint?
What is the distinguishing feature of a synovial joint?
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Which bones form the shoulder joint?
Which bones form the shoulder joint?
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What bone does NOT articulate directly with any other bone?
What bone does NOT articulate directly with any other bone?
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What is the region of the coxal bone that bears most of the body weight when sitting?
What is the region of the coxal bone that bears most of the body weight when sitting?
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What type of joint is found between the atlas and the dens of the axis?
What type of joint is found between the atlas and the dens of the axis?
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Fontanels allow the fetal skull to be compressed slightly during childbirth.
Fontanels allow the fetal skull to be compressed slightly during childbirth.
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Which of these statements describes a function of fontanels?
Which of these statements describes a function of fontanels?
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Study Notes
Prefixes in Anatomy
- Syn- means "together"
- Malle- means "hammer"
- Osteo- means "bone"
- Amphi- means "both"
- Meta- means "between," "along," or "after"
Joint Classifications
- Amphiarthrosis joints: slightly movable joints; example includes the elbow joint.
- Synovial membrane: membrane that holds synovial joints like the elbow together.
- Medial malleolus: the mallet-shaped protrusion on the interior of the ankle.
Bone Structure and Types
- Epiphysis: refers to the end of a long bone.
- Canaliculi: small channels allowing nutrient diffusion from the central canal to osteocytes within an osteon.
- Osteoclast: a cell that breaks down bone matrix, contrasted with osteoblasts which build up bone.
Growth and Development of Bones
- Appositional growth: initial step in embryonic development of most bones; increases bone diameter.
- Ossification: process by which bones increase in length.
Skeletal System Functions
- Functions of the skeletal system include serving as a storage site for calcium.
Fractures and Injuries
- Impacted fracture: occurs when the broken ends of a bone are forced into each other, as in Sadie's accident.
Common Bone Diseases
- Rickets: condition often characterized by bowed legs, muscle weakness, and bone pain; commonly seen in children.
Types of Bones and Joints
- Axial skeleton example: Sternum.
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Types of joints:
- Synarthroses: immovable joints (e.g., skull sutures)
- Amphiarthroses: slightly movable joints (e.g., between vertebrae)
- Diarthroses: freely movable joints (e.g., knee, shoulder)
Vertebral Issues
- Herniated disc: causes pain by exerting pressure on spinal nerves.
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Spinal deformities:
- Scoliosis: lateral curve
- Kyphosis: posterior curve
- Lordosis: anterior curve
Specific Bones and Their Features
- Hyoid bone: does not articulate directly with any other bone.
- Ischial tuberosity: absorbs most body weight while sitting.
- Shoulder joint: formed by the scapula and humerus.
- Coxal bone: consists of ilium, pubis, and ischium.
Joint Characteristics
- Pivot joint: found between the atlas and the dens of the axis.
- Synovial joint: distinguished by the presence of a joint cavity; includes examples like the shoulder and knee.
Treatment of Joint Injuries
- Dislocated joints, such as a dislocated shoulder, primarily require reduction as treatment.
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Description
Test your knowledge on key terms and definitions from Chapter 5 of Anatomy & Physiology. This quiz covers prefixes related to the skeletal system and classifications of joints. Enhance your understanding and retention of essential concepts in human anatomy.
