Podcast
Questions and Answers
If the AML is related to previous treatment, what do you call it?
If the AML is related to previous treatment, what do you call it?
Therapy related AML
What is the term for AML in a patient with Down Syndrome?
What is the term for AML in a patient with Down Syndrome?
DS-related AML
What are the 4 named chromosomal abnormalities associated with AML?
What are the 4 named chromosomal abnormalities associated with AML?
t(8;21), t(15;17), t(4;11), inv(16)
If there is dysplasia, prior MDS, or MDS-related mutation, what do you call it?
If there is dysplasia, prior MDS, or MDS-related mutation, what do you call it?
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How do you classify AML if there is no major WHO category it fits into?
How do you classify AML if there is no major WHO category it fits into?
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What does M0 represent in AML?
What does M0 represent in AML?
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What does M1 represent in AML?
What does M1 represent in AML?
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What does M2 represent in AML?
What does M2 represent in AML?
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M2 is associated with what translocation?
M2 is associated with what translocation?
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What is the appearance of M2 blasts?
What is the appearance of M2 blasts?
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What does M3 represent in AML?
What does M3 represent in AML?
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M3 is associated with what translocation?
M3 is associated with what translocation?
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How do M3 cells appear?
How do M3 cells appear?
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What does M3v represent?
What does M3v represent?
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What does M4 represent in AML?
What does M4 represent in AML?
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What does M4eo stand for?
What does M4eo stand for?
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What does M5 represent in AML?
What does M5 represent in AML?
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How does infant t(4;11) look on FAB system?
How does infant t(4;11) look on FAB system?
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How does M5 present?
How does M5 present?
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What does M6 represent in AML?
What does M6 represent in AML?
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What does M7 represent in AML?
What does M7 represent in AML?
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What is M7 in Downs related to?
What is M7 in Downs related to?
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What does M7 in non-downs represent?
What does M7 in non-downs represent?
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Study Notes
AML Classification Overview
- Therapy-related Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) arises from previous treatments.
- Down Syndrome-related AML is specific to patients with Down Syndrome.
- Four significant chromosomal abnormalities in AML:
- t(8;21)
- t(15;17)
- t(4;11)
- inv(16)
- No minimum blast count is necessary for the above chromosomal abnormalities.
- AML with Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS) related changes indicates a history of dysplasia or MDS mutations.
- If AML does not fit major WHO categories, it is classified as AML Not Otherwise Specified (NOS) under FAB classification.
FAB Classification of AML
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M0:
- AML without differentiation; hard to distinguish from Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL).
- Markers: CD 13+, 33+, 117+ (c-kit); absence of lymphoid differentiation.
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M1:
- Minimal differentiation with myeloperoxidase positivity (MPO+).
-
M2:
- Exhibits differentiation.
- Associated with translocation t(8;21) (AML1-ETO).
- Blasts show Auer rods and chloromas.
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M3 (Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia - APML):
- Linked to t(15;17) PML-RARA translocation.
- Cells demonstrate basket appearance full of granules and rods.
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M3v:
- Microgranular variant of M3 with no significant differences from M3.
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M4:
- Acute myelomonocytic leukemia, characterized by at least 20% myeloblasts and common peripheral monocytosis.
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M4eo:
- Acute myelomonocytic leukemia with eosinophilic precursors, identified by inv(16).
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M5:
- Acute monocytic leukemia presents with gingival hyperplasia, chloroma involvement, and central nervous system (CNS) consequences.
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Infant t(4;11):
- Typically categorized under M4 or M5 in the FAB system.
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M6:
- Known as erythroblastic leukemia.
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M7 (Acute Megakaryocytic Leukemia - AMKL):
- In Down syndrome patients, characterized by Gata-1 mutation.
- In non-Down syndrome patients, associated with translocation t(1;22).
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Description
This quiz covers the classification of Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML), including therapy-related AML, Down Syndrome-related AML, and the FAB classification system. It highlights significant chromosomal abnormalities and specific subtypes of AML. Test your knowledge on these critical aspects of AML recognition and classification.
