American Period Overview Quiz (1901-1935)
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Questions and Answers

Who sponsored the Philippine Bill of 1902?

  • Benito Legarda
  • Henry A. Cooper (correct)
  • Sergio Osmeña
  • Manuel L. Quezon
  • What significant body was created by the Philippine Bill of 1902?

  • The Supreme Court
  • The Philippine Assembly (correct)
  • The National Congress
  • The Territorial Legislature
  • What was a key provision regarding representation in the U.S. Congress for Filipinos?

  • Full voting rights for all Filipino citizens
  • Two Filipino resident commissioners with no voting rights (correct)
  • No representation at all
  • One vote per province in the U.S. Congress
  • Who was the Majority Floor Leader of the Philippine Assembly after its inauguration?

    <p>Manuel L. Quezon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What event was celebrated on July 30, 1907?

    <p>First free national elections in the Philippines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which office was responsible for the executive power under the Philippine Bill of 1902?

    <p>Civil Governor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the Philippine Bill of 1902 emphasize regarding natural resources?

    <p>Conservation for the Filipinos</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary purpose of the Taft Commission?

    <p>To establish a civil government and train Filipinos in self-government</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many delegates won during the first national elections of the Philippine Assembly?

    <p>80 delegates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When was the Taft Commission created?

    <p>March 16, 1900</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was the head of the Taft Commission?

    <p>William Howard Taft</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which law was enacted to further the governance of the Philippines?

    <p>The Jones Law of 1916</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant action did the Taft Commission take after arriving in Manila?

    <p>Enacted over 400 laws</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What were Filipinos included in the Taft Commission tasked with?

    <p>Being pro-American representatives in governance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What dual role did William Howard Taft hold in the Philippine civil government?

    <p>Executive and Legislative</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which prominent figure drafted instructions for the Taft Commission?

    <p>Elihu Root</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was named Chief Justice of the Philippine Supreme Court?

    <p>Cayetano Arellano</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a key feature of the Jones Law of 1916?

    <p>It defined the structure of the government.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which prominent Filipino was appointed Attorney General?

    <p>Florentino Torres</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was the Speaker of the House of Representatives after the elections held in October 1916?

    <p>Sergio Osmeña</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which American President signed the Jones Law of 1916?

    <p>Woodrow Wilson</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role did the Governor-General play under the Jones Law of 1916?

    <p>Appointed by the President of the United States</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the composition of the Philippine legislative power as stated in the Jones Law of 1916?

    <p>Exclusive to the Filipinos, with a bicameral structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what year did the Filipinization of the government start to increase the number of Filipinos in government positions?

    <p>1903</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the conclusion of the Wood-Forbes Mission regarding Filipino independence?

    <p>Filipinos needed more time before independence.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who were the main figures involved in the OSROX Mission?

    <p>Harry B. Hawes, Manuel L. Quezon, and William Cutting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was President Herbert Hoover's action regarding the independence bill proposed in December 1932?

    <p>He vetoed the bill.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the outcome of the Hare-Hawes-Cutting Act on October 17, 1933?

    <p>It was rejected by the legislature.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did OSROX claim about the Hare-Hawes-Cutting Act?

    <p>It was the best independence law available at the time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which law allowed the Filipinos to create their own government under U.S. supervision?

    <p>The Tydings-McDuffie Law</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following provisions did some oppose in the Hare-Hawes-Cutting Act?

    <p>Retention of military bases in the Philippines.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who presided over the constitutional convention elected on July 30, 1934?

    <p>Claro M. Recto</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    The American Period Overview (1901-1935)

    • William McKinley's vision emphasized developing and training Filipinos for self-government rather than exploitation.

    The Taft Commission

    • Established on March 16, 1900, as the Second Philippine Commission.
    • Headed by Judge William Howard Taft, including members like Luke E. Wright and Dean C. Worcester.
    • Mandated to create a civil government and train Filipinos in self-government, guided by McKinley’s instructions.
    • Initiatives included a budget of $1,000,000 for infrastructure and enacting over 400 laws from September 1900 to August 1902.
    • Expanded in September 1901 to include Filipino members, such as Trinidad H. Pardo de Tavera.

    Civil Government

    • Inaugurated on July 4, 1901, with Taft as the first Civil Governor.
    • Taft held both executive and legislative powers, gaining popularity with policies promoting Filipino governance.

    Philippine Bill of 1902

    • Known as the Cooper Act, sponsored by U.S. Representative Henry A. Cooper.
    • Established a bill of rights for Filipinos and created the Philippine Assembly.
    • Appointed two Filipino resident commissioners in the U.S. Congress, serving without voting rights.
    • Defined the separation of powers with a Civil Governor overseeing various executive departments.

    Philippine Assembly

    • First elections held on July 30, 1907, marking significant political participation of Filipinos.
    • Inaugurated on October 16, 1907, with Sergio Osmeña as Speaker and Manuel L. Quezon as Majority Floor Leader.

    Resident Commissioners

    • Filipinos were allowed representation in U.S. Congress through two resident commissioners.
    • Manuel L. Quezon (1909-1916) was notable for his advocacy on Filipino interests.

    Filipinization of the Government

    • U.S. policy aimed to appoint qualified Filipinos in government roles, leading to a gradual increase in Filipino officials.
    • Cayetano Arellano appointed as Chief Justice; Gregorio Araneta as Secretary of Finance and Justice by 1908.

    The Jones Law of 1916

    • Signed by President Woodrow Wilson; marked a step towards Philippine independence.
    • Promised greater Filipino participation in government and established a bicameral legislature.

    Wood-Forbes Mission

    • An official evaluation in 1921 concluded that Filipinos were not yet ready for independence.

    OSROX Mission

    • Aimed for independence legislation, resulting in the Hare-Hawes-Cutting Act, which was ultimately rejected by the Philippine Legislature.
    • New legislation supported by Tydings and McDuffie resulted in the Tydings-McDuffie Law.

    The Commonwealth Government

    • Following the Tydings-McDuffie Law, a framework for a self-governing body was established under U.S. oversight.
    • Constitutional convention elected on July 30, 1934, led by Claro M. Recto.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge about the American period in the Philippines from 1901 to 1935, highlighting key events like the establishment of the Taft Commission and the Philippine Bill of 1902. This quiz covers significant developments in civil governance and U.S.-Philippine relations. Discover how these historical moments shaped the path towards Filipino self-governance.

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